Antibody response of cattle to rinderpest vaccine

Antibody production was studied in cattle infected with rinderpest vaccine virus. Vaccinated cattle produced both IgM and IgG serum antibodies. The IgG antibodies were mainly those of IgG2 subclass. No IgA antibody response was detected in vaccinated animals.     

屠宰猪胃脏病理变化调查

对北京地区部分屠宰场的猪胃脏进行调查，共检查胃样8100个，检出具有各种病变的胃样287个，病变检出率3．54％，检出的病变包括急性出血性胃炎、胃水肿、胃溃疡、慢性胃炎、颚口线虫。     

Immune response to Japanese rabies vaccine in domestic dogs

To evaluate the immune response induced by Japanese rabies vaccine for veterinary use as international units (IU), we measured levels of rabies antibody in serum samples from dogs by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT). In dogs immunized with a reference vaccine (potency level of 3.1 IU/ml), prepared by the same method as that used to produce commercial vaccine, and its dilutions (1 : 2 or 1 : 4), neutralizing-antibody levels increased to 1.0-2.0 IU/ml over a period of 1 month and then decreased to 0.2-1.5 IU/ml over a period of 1 year after the first vaccination and showed a remarkable increase to 12-47 IU/ml after the second vaccination. Sixty-five (74.7%) of the 87 serum samples from domestic dogs that were tested were seropositive (> or =0.1 IU/ml). However, the seropositive rate in dogs less than 1-year old at the time of vaccination was low (57.1%), and the antibody levels in these dogs were not sufficiently high for the rabies antibody titre in serum to be maintained for 1-year. Levels of rabies antibody in all serum samples were also measured by the virus neutralizing test (VNT), and a strong correlation (r > 0.95) was found between the results of the RFFIT and those of the VNT.     

Immune response to an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae vaccine in swine

Piglets vaccinated with an inactivated tetravalent vaccine (Pleurovac 4) against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 2, 5 and 7, produced circulating antibodies after a first intramuscular injection and showed an anamnestic reaction after a second. The rise in antibody levels in vaccinated piglets was statistically significant when compared with those of the control group. The administration of 1 or 2 mL of vaccine did not lead to significantly different antibody levels. The specificity of the immune response is demonstrated by an increase in titer to all four serotypes in pigs given the tetravalent vaccine, but an increase in titer to only two serotypes in pigs given a bivalent vaccine (Pleurovac).     

Precipitin response of cattle to commercial wart vaccine.

Fifty young bulls were given commercial wart vaccine upon their arrival at a bull stud establishment. The bulls were given 2 additional vaccinations 2 and 24 weeks later. The precipitin antibody response of these bulls to bovine papilloma virus was monitored. Antibody levels increased significantly, particularly after the 3rd vaccination was given at 24 weeks, but decreased markedly within 20 weeks after the last vaccination was given. These results demonstrated that formalin-inactivated bovine papilloma virus was capable of inducing precipitin antibody similar to infective bovine papilloma virus. Multiple, repeated vaccination provided the best serologic response.     

商品鸭流感疫苗免疫抗体的监测

高致病力流感(HPAD)可侵害各种日龄的商品鸭，造成严重的死亡和产蛋下降，给养鸭业造成巨大的威胁。无母源抗体的雏鸭从3日龄开始，直至出栏均可感染发病。感染鸭群表现明显的精神沉郁、采食下降或不食。感染鸭有明显的神经症状，出现头颈扭曲、抽搐，严重者瘫软在地，强行驱赶后，神经症状表现更为明显。出现临床症状后不久，鸭群开始出现死亡，之后2～3天，死亡率急速上升，死亡率可达到30％以上，甚至100％死亡。产蛋种鸭感染后首先表现采食量下降，然后出现产蛋急速下降，一般下降30％～60％，严重者可高达60％～90％，甚至停产。无并发感染时，一般不出现死亡率明显升高的现象，但比正常淘汰率略高。     

A modified live canine parvovirus vaccine. II. Immune response

The safety and efficacy of an attenuated canine parvovirus (A-CPV) vaccine was evaluated in both experimental and in field dogs. After parenteral vaccination, seronegative dogs developed hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers as early as postvaccination (PV) day 2. Maximal titers occurred within 1 week. Immunity was associated with the persistence of HI antibody titers (titers greater than 80) that endured at least 2 years. Immune dogs challenged with virulent CPV did not shed virus in their feces. The A-CPV vaccine did not cause illness alone or in combination with living canine distemper (CD) and canine adenovirus type-2 (CAV-2) vaccines, nor did it interfere with the immune response to the other viruses. A high rate (greater than 98%) of immunity was engendered in seronegative pups. In contrast, maternal antibody interfered with the active immune response to the A-CPV. More than 95% of the dogs with HI titers less than 10 responded to the vaccine, but only 50% responded when titers were approximately 20. No animal with a titer greater than 80 at the time of vaccination became actively immunized. Susceptibility to virulent CPV during that period when maternal antibody no longer protects against infection, but still prevents active immunization, is the principal cause of vaccinal failure in breeding kennels where CPV is present. Reduction, but not complete elimination, of CPV disease in large breeding kennels occurred within 1-2 months of instituting an A-CPV vaccination program.     

饲喂益生素雏鸡新城疫疫苗免疫后外周血液的体液免疫变化

为了研究益生素与疫苗的体液免疫增强联合效应,应用免疫SPA菌体花环法、间接ELISA法对饲喂益生素雏鸡ND疫苗免疫后,其外周血液B淋巴细胞数量、IgG、IgM和IgA含量的动态变化进行了较全面系统地研究。结果发现,应用益生素的雏鸡ND疫苗免疫后7d内,其上述被检指标显著高于ND疫苗单独免疫雏鸡(p0.05),表明益生素可提高雏鸡外周血液对ND疫苗的体液免疫应答能力。益生素Ⅰ组雏鸡外周血液的体液免疫指标又略高于益生素Ⅱ组雏鸡,说明益生素Ⅰ的疫苗免疫增强效果优于益生素Ⅱ。