玉米赤霉烯酮的污染情况及酯化葡甘露聚糖对其吸附效果的研究

近些年来,饲料企业和养殖户越来越重视镰刀菌属霉菌毒素的污染,尤其是玉米赤霉烯酮类霉菌毒素。不同畜种对玉米赤霉烯酮的敏感性差异较大,猪对其最为敏感。但是,饲用谷物一般都存在多种霉菌毒素混合污染,在这种情况下,增加了肉鸡、奶牛等其他畜种对玉米赤霉烯酮的敏感性。通过分析奥特奇生物制品有限公司多年来的检测数据发现,中国饲用谷物存在多种霉菌毒素混合污染的现象。其中,饲料的玉米赤霉烯酮类检出率达到93.60%,不同省份检出率略有差异,但均高于87.50%,云贵川和两广地区的饲料样品玉米赤霉烯酮类检出率最高,达到100%和99.06%。玉米副产物仍是玉米赤霉烯酮污染最严重的饲料原料,平均值达到198.49 μ g/kg。大量的科学研究和市场应用证实,酵母细胞壁来源的酯化葡甘露聚糖(E-GM)可以有效地吸附玉米赤霉烯酮类霉菌毒素,降低养殖过程中玉米赤霉烯酮污染带来的风险,对各畜种可以起到很好的保护作用。     

玉米赤霉烯酮对猪生产的影响及其毒性吸附研究

玉米赤霉烯酮毒性强,主体饲料中很常见,生产中常利用霉菌毒素吸附剂来降低玉米赤霉烯酮对动物的毒性作用,并取得了一定效果。本文综述了玉米赤霉烯酮对猪繁殖机能、免疫功能和仔猪生长性能的影响及其机制,并阐述了吸附法去除玉米赤霉烯酮毒性的研究进展。     

2013年1-6月饲料及原料中霉菌毒素分析报告

饲料及其原料中不可避免地存在霉菌毒素污染现象,给畜禽养殖业及饲料工业带来不良影响。笔者对2013年上半年霉菌毒素检测结果进行分析,结果发现,饲料及原料总体上黄曲霉毒素污染较轻,玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素污染严重;玉米副产物霉菌毒素污染最严重;玉米和配合饲料主要霉菌毒素污染为玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素;小麦、麸皮主要污染物为呕吐毒素;饼粕类特别是花生粕中黄曲霉毒素污染较严重。     

2017—2018年原料及饲料中霉菌毒素变化趋势

霉菌毒素在原料及饲料中处于不断变化中。为了解国内市场上原料及饲料中霉菌毒素污染情况,2018年度从市场上收集124份样品,经前处理后按照酶联免疫法测定3种霉菌毒素含量并对数据进行分析。结果表明:与2017年相比,呕吐毒素污染范围依然广泛,黄曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮污染范围有所缩小,但玉米赤霉烯酮超标率呈上升趋势。此外,还对新版饲料卫生标准中玉米赤霉烯酮限量进行了详细的阐述。     

玉米赤霉烯酮检测方法研究现状

玉米赤霉烯酮是一种常见的饲料霉菌毒素,是世界范围内污染农作物最严重的霉菌毒素之一.当畜禽采食了被玉米赤霉烯酮污染的饲料后,会对机体造成生殖毒性、肝肾毒性、细胞毒性、免疫毒性,甚至还可在机体组织中残留,通过动物性食品危及人类的健康,所以,精准的检测出饲料及饲料原料和食品中玉米赤霉烯酮毒素含量,对于保证食品安全具有重要的意...     

2013年上半年南京奥迈霉菌毒素分析报告

饲料及原料中不可避免地存在霉菌毒素污染,给畜禽养殖业及饲料工业带来极为不良的影响。南京奥迈科技有限公司霉菌毒素分析中心对2013年上半年霉菌毒素检测结果进行分析,结果表明:饲料及原料总体上黄曲霉毒素污染较轻,玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素污染严重;玉米副产物霉菌毒素污染最严重;玉米和配合饲料主要污染玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素;小麦、麸皮的主要污染物为呕吐毒素;饼粕类特别是花生粕黄曲霉毒素污染较严重。     

2013年1—6月12省市饲料及原料中霉菌毒素分析报告

对2013年1—6月12省市饲料及原料中霉菌毒素进行检测分析,结果表明：1）饲料及原料总体上黄曲霉毒素B1污染较轻,玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素污染严重,玉米副产物霉菌毒素污染最严重;2）玉米和配合饲料的主要污染物是玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素,小麦及其副产物的主要污染物为呕吐毒素,饼粕类特别是花生粕黄曲霉毒素B1污染较严重。     

饲料及原料霉菌毒素分析与探讨(2014年)

为了减少霉菌毒素造成的损失,让广大养殖户及饲料企业了解饲料中霉菌毒素污染情况,对奥迈科技实验分析中心所测的饲料霉菌毒素的含量进行统计分析。结果表明:饲料中黄曲霉毒素的污染相对而言并不突出,玉米赤霉烯酮、呕吐毒素污染严重;玉米副产物霉菌毒素污染最严重;玉米和全价料的玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素污染严重;小麦、麸皮的主要污染物为呕吐毒素;饼粕类特别是花生粕的黄曲霉毒素污染较严重。     

饲料霉菌毒素吸附剂研究进展

霉菌毒素污染是危害畜牧业的主要风险因子之一。全球每年约有25%的农产品受到霉菌毒素污染,我国霉菌毒素污染情况尤为严重,与饲料污染关系密切的霉菌毒素主要有黄曲霉毒素B1、呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马霉素、T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A等。饲料中添加毒素吸附剂是目前应用最为广泛的脱毒方法。本文综述了饲料霉菌毒素污染情况、毒性作用、毒素吸附剂研究进展。重点围绕污染情况严重且吸附难度较大的呕吐毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮,进行吸附剂种类、作用机理与效果的探讨,结合本团队通过对蒙脱石的改性提高吸附剂效率和改善动物生产性能的研究结果,展示了解决饲料霉菌毒素污染问题的方案,并对其进一步研究开发提出了策略和建议。     

饲料霉菌毒素吸附剂研究进展北大核心CSCD

霉菌毒素污染是危害畜牧业的主要风险因子之一。全球每年约有25%的农产品受到霉菌毒素污染,我国霉菌毒素污染情况尤为严重,与饲料污染关系密切的霉菌毒素主要有黄曲霉毒素B1、呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马霉素、T⁃2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A等。饲料中添加毒素吸附剂是目前应用最为广泛的脱毒方法。本文综述了饲料霉菌毒素污染情况、毒性作用、毒素吸附剂研究进展。重点围绕污染情况严重且吸附难度较大的呕吐毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮,进行吸附剂种类、作用机理与效果的探讨,结合本团队通过对蒙脱石的改性提高吸附剂效率和改善动物生产性能的研究结果,展示了解决饲料霉菌毒素污染问题的方案,并对其进一步研究开发提出了策略和建议。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。