Inheritance and Molecular Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene Yr88375 in Chinese Wheat Line Zhongliang 88375

Stripe rust is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. Inheritance of stripe rust resistance and mapping of resistance gene with simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers are studied to formulate efficient strategies for breeding cultivars resistant to stripe rust. Zhongliang 88375, a common wheat line, is highly resistant to all three rusts of wheat in China. The gene conferring rust disease was deduced originating from Elytrigia intermedium. Genetic analysis of Zhongliang 88375 indicated that the resistance to PST race CYR31 was controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as Yr88375. To molecular map Yr88375, a F2 segregating population consisting of 163 individuals was constructed on the basis of the hybridization between Zhongliang 88375 and a susceptible wheat line Mingxian 169; 320 SSR primer pairs were used for analyzing the genetic linkage relation. Six SSR markers, Xgwm335, Xwmc289, Xwmc810, Xgdmll6, Xbarc59, and Xwmc783, are linked to Yr88375 as they were all located on chromosome 5BL Yr88375 was also located on that chromosome arm, closely linked to Xgdmll6 and Xwmc810 with genetic distances of 3.1 and 3.9 cM, respectively. The furthest marker Xwmc783 was 13.5 cM to Yr88375. Hence, pedigree analysis of Zhongliang 88375 combined with SSR markers supports the conclusion that the highly resistance gene Yr88375 derived from Elytrigia intermedium is a novel gene for resistance to stripe rust in wheat. It could play an important role in wheat breeding programs for stripe rust resistance.     

Genetics and Molecular Mapping of a High-Temperature Resistance Gene to Stripe Rust in Seeding-Stage in Winter Wheat Cultivar Lantian 1

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a severe foliar disease of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the world. Resistance is the best approach to control the disease. The winter wheat cultivar Lantian 1 has high-temperature resistance to stripe rust. To determing the gene(s) for the stripe rust resistance, Lantian 1 was crossed with Mingxian 169 (M169). Seedlings of the parents, and F 1 , F 2 and F 2-3 progenies were tested with races CYR32 of Pst under controlled greenhouse conditions. Lantian 1 has a single partially dominant gene conferred resistance to race CYR32, designated as YrLT1. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) techniques were used to identify molecular markers linked to YrLT1. A linkage group of five SSR markers was constructed for YrLT1 using 166 F 2 plants. Based on the SSR marker consensus map and the position on wheat chromosome, the resistance gene was assigned on chromosome 2DL. Amplification of a set of nulli-tetrasomic Chinese Spring lines with SSR marker Xwmc797 confirmed that the resistance gene was located on the long arm of chromosome 2D. Because of its chromosomal location and the high-temperature resistance, this gene is different from previously described genes. The molecular map spanned 29.9 cM, and the genetic distance of two close markers Xbarc228 and Xcfd16 to resistance gene locus was 4.0 and 5.7 cM, respectively. The polymorphism rates of the flanking markers in 46 wheat lines were 2.1 and 2.1%, respectively; and the two markers in combination could distinguish the alleles at the resistance locus in 97.9% of tested genotypes. This new gene and flanking markers should be useful in developing wheat cultivars with high level and possible durable resistance to stripe rust.     

Inheritance and Molecular Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene Yr88375 in Chinese Wheat Line Zhongliang 88375

Stripe rust is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. Inheritance of stripe rust resistance and mapping of resistance gene with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are studied to formulate efficient strategies for breeding cultivars resistant to stripe rust. Zhongliang 88375, a common wheat line, is highly resistant to all three rusts of wheat in China. The gene conferring rust disease was deduced originating from Elytrigia intermedium. Genetic analysis of Zhongliang 88375 indicated that the resistance to PST race CYR31 was controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as Yr88375. To molecular map Yr88375, a F2 segregating population consisting of 163 individuals was constructed on the basis of the hybridization between Zhongliang 88375 and a susceptible wheat line Mingxian 169; 320 SSR primer pairs were used for analyzing the genetic linkage relation. Six SSR markers, Xgwm335, Xwmc289, Xwmc810, Xgdm116, Xbarc59, and Xwmc783, are linked to Yr88375 as they were all located on chromosome 5BL. Yr88375 was also located on that chromosome arm, closely linked to Xgdmll6 and Xwmc810 with genetic distances of 3.1 and 3.9 cM, respectively. The furthest marker Xwmc783 was 13.5 cM to Yr88375. Hence, pedigree analysis of Zhongliang 88375 combined with SSR markers supports the conclusion that the highly resistance gene Yr88375 derived from Elytrigia intermedium is a novel gene for resistance to stripe rust in wheat. It could play an important role in wheat breeding programs for stripe rust resistance.     

Molecular Mapping of a Gene for Resistance to Stripe Rust in Wheat Variety PIW138

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici （Pst）, is one of the most damaging diseases of common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）. Wheat variety PIW138 introduced from Pakistan is resistant to the currently prevailing Pst race CYR32 in China. In this study, the bulked segregant analysis （BSA） method and simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were used to map the stripe rust resistance gene in PIW138. The resistant and susceptible DNA bulks were prepared from the segregating F2 population of the cross between Thatcher, a susceptible variety as the female parent, and PIW138 as the male parent. The segregation of resistant and susceptible F2 plants inoculated with CYR32 indicated that single dominant gene determined the reactions of PIW138 line and temporarily designated as YrP138. Total 200 SSR primers were screened, and 4 SSR markers, Xwmc52, Xbarc61, Xgwm268, and Xgwm153, on chromosome 1B were found to be polymorphic between the resistant and the susceptible DNA bulks as well as their parents. Genetic linkage was tested on the segregating F2 population with 259 plants, including 196 resistant and 63 susceptible plants. All 4 SSR markers were linked to the stripe rust resistance gene in PIW138. The genetic distances of Xwmc52, Xbarc61, Xgwm268, and Xgwm153 to the resistance gene were 29.8, 6.2, 6.8, and 8.2 cM, respectively.     

小麦品种中梁88375抗条锈病基因的分子作图

【目的】中梁88375是甘肃省天水市农业科学研究所以中4/S394//咸农4号复合杂交选育而成的冬小麦品系,对小麦三锈免疫。明确其抗条锈病基因及遗传特点,建立与其连锁的微卫星标记,以利于抗源筛选和培育持久抗病新品种。【方法】将中梁88375与感病品种铭贤169杂交、自交和测交并对双亲及其杂交后代进行苗期抗性鉴定。用小麦条锈菌条中31号对其进行遗传分析;采用SSR技术,选用普通小麦的320对微卫星引物对中梁88375及铭贤169的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增和电泳分析。【结果】中梁88375对多个条锈菌小种具有良好的抗病性,对CY31的抗病性由1对显性核基因控制,把该基因暂命名为Yr88375。建立了与Yr88375连锁的6个微卫星标记Xgwm335、Xwmc289、Xwmc810、Xgdm116、Xbarc59与 Xwmc783,并将Yr88375定位于小麦5BL。距离Yr88375 最近的两个微卫星位点是Xgdm116、Xwmc810,遗传距离分别是3.1 cM和3.9 cM,最远的标记Xwmc783与Yr88375之间的遗传距离为13.5 cM。【结论】系谱分析结合分子标记结果表明,Yr88375很有可能是一个来自中间偃麦草(E.intermedium)并与已知抗条锈病基因不同的新基因。     

Characterization and Molecular Mapping of a Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in Synthetic Wheat CI110

Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici (Pst),is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).To diversify stripe rust-resistant resources for wheat breeding pro...     

小麦条锈菌新菌系CYR34中CDK5基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

为探究细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶（Cyclin-dependent kinase 5,CDK5）在小麦条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici）新菌系CYR34夏孢子萌发过程的毒性作用,以天水地区小麦条锈菌新菌系CYR34夏孢子标样为试材,通过RACE克隆 CDK5基因并对其进行生物信息学分析,获得长度为706 bp,编码190个氨基酸的cDNA序列。蛋白质结构预测显示,其二级结构主要以α-螺旋为主,且具有典型的STKC激酶结构域。同源性分析显示,CDK5与小麦杆锈菌（Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici）中的CDK5亲缘关系较近。蛋白质互作数据库预测分析发现,CDK5可以与磷酸核酮糖3-差异构酶、荚膜生物合成蛋白、鸟苷酸激酶、丝氨酸/苏氨酸特异性蛋白激酶、16S rRNA 蛋白以及肌苷-5′-单磷酸脱氢酶6个蛋白互作关系;基因时序表达发现在孢子萌发0~6 h时,基因的表达量持续下调,6 h后表现为上调,萌发10 h后为对照的1.2倍,萌发14 h后基因的表达量达趋于平台期,为对照的1.36倍。综上所述,推测细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶CDK5在小麦条锈菌（CYR34）夏孢子萌发过程中参与了适应环境的信号调控。     

Molecular Mapping of a Stripe Rust Resistance Gene YrH9020a Transferred from Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng on Wheat Chromosome 6D

Stripe rust （yellow rust）, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici （Pst）, is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat throughout the world. H9020-1-6-8-3 is a translocation line originally developed from interspeciifc hybridization between wheat line 7182 and Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng and is resistant to most Pst races in China. To identify the resistance gene（s） in the translocation line, H9020-1-6-8-3 was crossed with susceptible cultivar Mingxian 169, and seedlings of the parents, F1, F2, F3, and BC1 generations were tested with prevalent Chinese Pst race CYR32 under controlled greenhouse conditions. The results indicated that there is a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as YrH9020a, conferring resistance to CYR32. The resistance gene was mapped by the F2 population from Mingxian 169/H9020-1-6-8-3. It was linked to six microsatellite markers, including Xbarc196, Xbarc202, Xbarc96, Xgpw4372, Xbarc21, and Xgdm141, lfanked by Xbarc96 and Xbarc202 with at 4.5 and 8.3 cM, respectively. Based on the chromosomal locations of these markers and the test of Chinese Spring （CS） nullitetrasomic and ditelosomic lines, the gene was assigned to chromosome 6D. According to the origin and the chromosomal location, YrH9020a might be a new resistance gene to stripe rust. The lfanking markers linked to YrH9020a could be useful for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.     

河北省21个小麦品种抗叶锈基因的推导

选用了18个小麦叶锈菌菌系对河北省的21个小麦品种(系)进行了抗性基因推导。通过与31个抗叶锈的单基因系的反应作比较,在河北省的品种中鉴定出Lr1,Lr3,Lr3Bg,Lr18,Lr26和Lr30共6个抗性基因。冀麦15有Lr3,冀麦3号有Lr3Bg;有8个品种有3个基因,其中7个品种例如冀麦23等,有Lr3,Lr3Bg 和Lr26,另一品种冀麦20有Lr18,Lr26和Lr30。有两个品系88-5424和84—5103有4个基因;前者有Lr1,Lr18,Lr26和Lr30,后者有Lr3,Lr3Bg,Lr18和Lr26。冀麦26和冬协4号有与供试的已知基因不同的基因;在丰抗8号等3个品种中没有鉴定出抗性基因。Lr26最为普遍,在13个品种中存在。     

80份国外春小麦种质资源抗条锈性评价

【目的】小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici,Pst）引起的世界范围内小麦重要病害之一,培育和种植抗病品种是控制该病害的最有效策略。评价80份国外春小麦种质资源对中国当前小麦条锈菌流行小种的抗条锈性,为中国小麦抗条锈病育种提供依据和抗源。【方法】应用中国流行小麦条锈菌生理小种CYR29、CYR31、CYR32、CYR33以及致病类型PST-HY8和PST-V26对80份国外小麦种质资源进行苗期温室抗病性鉴定,以铭贤169和AvS为感病对照品种;并于2013年和2014年分别在陕西省杨凌和甘肃省天水进行田间成株期抗病性鉴定。根据苗期和田间成株期的抗病性鉴定结果对其进行抗病类型分类和评价。【结果】80份小麦种质资源的抗病类型可分为3类。第1类为全生育期抗病类型,有8份。其中PI660067、PI660119和PI660122在苗期和田间成株期均表现较高水平的抗病性。其余5个品系PI660056、PI607839、PI591045、TA5602和PI660064在苗期则对个别小种表现感病,并且在不同年份和不同测试地点成株期也表现感病。第2类为成株抗病类型,有28份。其苗期对所有测试小种均表现感病,有23份在田间成株期均表现抗病。但PI660075、PI660083、PI660085、PI660097和PI660107在不同年份和不同测试地点成株期表现感病。第3类为兼具成株期和对部分中国小种失去抗性的全生育期抗病类型,有44份,其苗期至少对一个测试小种表现抗病。有37份在田间成株期均表现抗病。但PI660065、PI660076、PI660079、PI660080、PI660095、PI660096和PI610750在不同年份和不同测试地点成株期表现感病。【结论】80份国外小麦种质资源中大部分对中国小麦条锈菌流行小种表现优良的抗病性。这些种质资源可作为抗源在今后抗病育种中加以利用,将丰富中国小麦抗条锈病基因的多样性。可能由于不同年份田间流行小种不同,造成一些成株抗病品系在不同年份和不同测试地点表现感病,由此推测成株抗病性可能也具有小种专化性。     

Molecular Screening and Resistance Evaluation of American Wheat Cultivars to Chinese Stripe Rust Races

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the major diseases of wheat in China. In order to asses the resistance levels and existing Yr genes among 59 wheat cultivars （lines） from the Pacific Northwest （PNW） of the United States, to provide resistance resources for genetic improvement of wheat stripe rust resistance in China, 59 wheat cultivars （lines） from PNW of the United States were infected by 3 mixed races of predominant Chinese stripe rust races CRY31, CRY32, and CRY33 to evaluate their resistance at seedling and adult plant stages, and screened with molecular markers tightly linked to currently effective all-stage resistance genes YrlO, Yrl5 and adult plant resistance genes Yrl8, Yr39. Of 59 American cultivars （lines）, five cultivars （lines）, Expresso, 02W50076, ACS52610, WA008012, and WA00801833, had all-stage resistance, showing resistance to mixed races of CRY31, CRY32, and CRY33 at both seedling and adult plant stages. 33 cultivars （lines） had adult plant resistance, only showing resistance to stripe rust at adult stage. Based on the molecular screening, none of the 59 PNW cultivars （lines） had the polymorphic bands of linked markers to YrlO. There were 12, 33 and 29 cultivars （lines） which bad polymorphic bands of linked markers to Yr15, Yr18 and Yr39, accounting for 20, 55 and 49% of the 59 PNW cultivars （lines）, respectively. All these results suggested that Yr15, Yr18 and Yr39 were widespread among PNW cultivars （cultivars） and could be utilized in Chinese wheat stripe rust resistance breeding.     

52个重要小麦品种抗条锈基因的推导

根据对 13个具有不同毒性基因组合的条锈菌系的反应,采用基因推导方法,分析 52个重要小麦品种(系)所携带的抗条锈基因。结果表明:在已知的 19个抗条锈基因中,Yr1、Yr2、Yr6、Yr7、Yr8、Yr9、Yr11、Yr12、Yr17、Yr18、Yr24和Avocet12个基因以单基因或基因组合的形式分布在 28个小麦品种 (系 )中;携带Yr11基因的小麦品种最多,有 17个,携带Yr2、Yr6和Yr17基因的小麦品种各有 15个;抗源品种 92R137、92R149等可抵抗包括当前流行小种在内的所有供试条锈菌系,正在大面积种植的品种如陕 160、济南 17、烟 188、烟 361等感染所有的菌系,由此推导它们不含任何已知抗条锈基因。培育和推广具有有效抗条锈基因的新品种迫在眉睫。该文还讨论了基因推导的局限性。     

4个小麦—柔软滨麦草易位系苗期抗条锈基因的遗传分析

旨在开发和利用柔软滨麦草的基因,丰富小麦抗条锈基因库。利用小麦条锈菌流行小种CYR32和CYR33对M851-1、M8724-1、M8725-2和M8657-2 4个小麦-柔软滨麦草易位系进行苗期抗条锈性遗传分析。结果表明,M851-1对CYR32的抗条锈性由1对隐性基因控制;M8724-1对CYR32的抗条锈性由2对隐性基因独立作用控制,对CYR33的抗条锈性由1对隐性基因控制;M8725-2对CYR32的抗条锈性由2对显性基因互补作用控制,对CYR33的抗条锈性由1显1隐2对基因独立控制;M8657-2对CYR32的抗条锈性由1对隐性基因控制,对CYR33的抗条锈性由2对显性基因独立作用控制。研究结果初步明确这4个小麦-柔软滨麦草易位系抗条锈性遗传规律,有助于进一步利用这些易位系进行小麦抗条锈病育种。     

中国小麦品种兰天9号慢叶锈性QTL分析

【目的】由小麦叶锈菌（Puccinia triticina）引起的小麦叶锈病是影响小麦稳产、高产的一种重要真菌病害。目前防治小麦叶锈病最经济、安全、有效的方法是种植抗病品种。中国小麦品种兰天9号苗期对大多数叶锈菌小种表现感病,成株期对小麦叶锈菌则表现为明显的慢锈性。研究旨在分析中国小麦品种兰天9号的成株抗叶锈性,发掘其中含有的QTL,并利用分子标记进行定位,为小麦分子育种提供理论基础。【方法】利用抗病亲本兰天9号和感病亲本辉县红杂交获得到197个家系的F_2:3群体,2011-2014年连续3年在河北保定种植,并利用3个叶锈菌生理小种混合菌种（THTT、THTS、THTQ）进行田间接菌,小麦成株期调查最终发病严重度,获得表型数据。利用1 232对SSR标记对兰天9号、辉县红以及F_2:3群体进行基因检测,获得基因型数据。结合表型数据和基因型数据,利用Map Manager QTXb20创建连锁图、QTL Icimapping 3.2软件进行抗叶锈病QTL分析。【结果】检测到5个QTL,其中位于2B染色体上的QTL暂命名为QLr.hbau-2BS,在连续两年的数据结果中都被检测到,解释的遗传变异分别为6.0%和9.1%;标记区间分别为Xbarc55-Xgwm148和Xgwm429-Xwmc154;LOD值分别为2.6和3.46;加性效应分别为-6.1和-8.7;显性效应分别为3.03和3.4。1B染色体上1个QTL暂命名为QLr.hbau-1BL.2,连续两年被检测到,解释的遗传变异分别为7.7%和10.7%;标记区间为Xwmc766-Xbarc269;LOD值分别为2.5和3.1;加性效应分别为-1.0和-1.1;显性效应分别为-13.0和-14.9。其他3个QTL只在一个年份被检测到,1B染色体上暂命名为QLr.hbau-1BL.1、4B上暂命名为QLr.hbau-4BS、3A上暂命名为QLr.hbau-3A,均在2011-2012年度检测到,解释的遗传变异分别为11.7%、8.5%、5.6%;标记区间分别为Xbarc80-Xwmc728、Xgwm495-Xwmc652和Xgwm161-Xbarc86;LOD值分别为5.1、4.0和2.8;加性效应分别为6.5、-5.5和-3.1;显性效应分别为-6.5、6.2和6.6。QLr.hbau-1BL.1来源于感病亲本辉县红,其余4个QTL来源于兰天9号。【结论】结合田间表型数据和基因型数据,检测到位于1B、2B、3A、4B染色体上5个控制成株抗叶锈的QTL。     

巨麦6号抗叶锈病基因的推导和分子定位

巨麦6号在田间表现出很好的抗叶锈性,鉴定其抗叶锈病基因对小麦抗叶锈病育种具有重要意义。在小麦苗期对36个含有已知抗叶锈病基因的对照品种和巨麦6号接种15个中国小麦叶锈菌小种进行抗叶锈病鉴定,推导巨麦6号中可能含有的抗叶锈病基因。以巨麦6号为抗病亲本与感病品种郑州5389进行杂交、自交获得F1、F2代群体,苗期利用叶锈菌小种FHBQ接种F2代群体进行抗叶锈病遗传分析。结果表明,巨麦6号中可能含有已知抗叶锈病基因Lr1,其抗叶锈性由1对显性的抗病基因控制。利用与Lr1共分离的STS标记WR003进一步检测F2单株DNA,结果显示,该标记与抗叶锈病基因共分离,进一步证实巨麦6号携带已知抗叶锈病基因Lr1。     

基于亲本对条锈病敏感性预测小麦杂交种的抗性

【目的】通过亲本条锈病的抗性评价预测F1代杂交种的抗病性,增强杂交小麦抗病育种的可预见性。【方法】以CYR23、CYR31、CYR33、CYR34 4个小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)生理小种作为供试菌源,感病小麦品种铭贤169作为阴性对照,通过成株期混合接种,对13份恢复系(父本)材料和21份不育系(母本)材料及其F1代杂交种进行抗病性鉴定,并利用Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr17、Yr18、Yr26等抗条锈基因的分子标记或基因标记对其可能携带的抗条锈基因进行分子检测。同时通过半定量PCR方法在亲本及部分F1代植株的成株期进行条锈菌侵染量测定。【结果】所有材料均未鉴定到Yr5、Yr10、Yr15,Yr26多存在于四川品系,Yr9、Yr17多存在于北方品系,本研究所有恢复系材料均未鉴定到Yr18。亲本抗条锈基因在F1代杂交种得到了聚合,符合遗传规律,表明分子标记可以用于杂交小麦抗病辅助选育。来自四川的恢复系及其F1代杂交种整体表现优良抗性,推测其具有纯合显性的抗条锈基因,同时,这些小麦材料可以用于我国小麦抗条锈育种。F1代的...     

中梁12小麦抗条锈病基因遗传分析与SSR分子定位

中梁12具有抗逆性强、适应性广、抗条锈性强等许多优良的生物学特性。为明确其抗条锈性及遗传规律,利用当前流行的中国条锈菌小种CYR30对抗病品种中梁12与感病品种铭贤169及其杂交后代代F1、F2、F3和BC1代进行苗期抗条锈性遗传分析,并对其抗条锈基因进行SSR分子标记。结果表明,中梁12对CYR30小种具有良好的抗性,由1对显性基因控制,暂命名为YrZh12。该基因与位于小麦7AL染色体上的4个SSR位点Xwmc695、Xcfd20、Xbarc121和Xbarc49连锁,其中最近的侧翼位点为Xcfd20和Xbarc121,其遗传距离分别是3.1cM和4.9cM。系谱分析YrZh12基因可能来自抗引655,由于7AL染色体上没有其他抗条锈病基因,YrZh12可能是一个抗条锈病的新基因。     

小偃系列小麦品种对条锈病的高温抗病性研究

小麦高温抗条锈性是在较高温度下所诱导的一种低反应型抗病性。苗期接种条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis West.）后,分别采用高温（21±1）℃和常温（14±1）℃处理,测定小偃系列小麦品种的高温抗条锈性。结果表明,小偃系列品种中具有较多的高温抗条锈性资源。另外,以高温抗锈品种小偃6号为试材,以高感品种铭贤169为对照,分别接种不同条锈菌生理小种和类型,证实小麦高温抗条锈性不具有小种专化性。     

小麦品系西农1163-4抗叶锈病基因的遗传分析和分子作图#br#

【目的】小麦品系西农1163-4高抗小麦叶锈、条锈和白粉病,综合农艺性状良好。明确该小麦品系中所含的抗叶锈病基因及遗传特点,找到与其紧密连锁的分子标记,有利于抗病基因利用和培育抗病新品种。【方法】将西农1163-4与感病品种Thatcher杂交,获得F1、F2代群体,利用中国叶锈菌优势小种THTT进行苗期抗性鉴定和抗性遗传分析;采用SSR技术对西农1163-4所携带的抗叶锈基因进行分子标记研究,共筛选了1 273对SSR引物。【结果】小麦品系西农1163-4对多个叶锈菌小种具有良好的抗病性,对THTT的抗性是由1个显性基因控制,该基因暂命名为LrXi。获得了与LrXi紧密连锁的3个微卫星分子标记Xbarc8、Xgwm582、Xwmc269和1个STS标记(ω-secali/Glu-B3),将LrXi定位于小麦1BL染色体上。距离最近的2个微卫星位点是Xgwm582、Xbarc8,与抗叶锈基因间的遗传距离分别为2.3 cM和3.2 cM。【结论】LrXi位于1BL染色体,抗叶锈表现不同于所有已知抗叶锈病基因,该基因的发现将有利于丰富中国抗叶锈病基因资源,为培育持久抗病品种奠定基础。     

北方麦区120个小麦品种抗秆锈病基因的推导

利用含已知Sr5～38、SrGT和SrWld基因的42个单基因系和19个不同毒性的秆锈菌系,对北方麦区的120个生产品种和后备品系进行了抗秆锈病的基因推导．研究结果表明：黄淮冬麦区和北方冬麦区抗病品种（系）含有的抗秆锈病基因相似,绝大多数品种（系）主要含有Sr5、Sr31,少量品种含有Sr11、21、29等抗病基因;东北春麦区的小麦抗病品种（系）主要含有Sr5、6、8a、9b、9e、11、21、27、30、31、34、36等多基因组合。