林业企业客户关系管理系统的设计

本文介绍了客户关系管理的基本含义 ,并根据林业企业的特点 ,给出了林业企业客户关系管理系统 ,为林业企业实施计算机辅助客户关系管理提供一个参考。     

人造板行业客户关系管理系统设计

随着客户资源竞争日益加剧,实施CRM(客户关系管理),改善与客户的关系成为企业的首要任务.根据行业特点,设计了符合企业实际需要的客户关系管理系统.传统的客户关系管理系统与电子商务平台分开运作,而本系统设计提出将电子商务平台和CRM整合,其可以在网络环境下更有效地完成企业推广、在线营销、客户关系管理等流程,最终实现真正意义上的营销过程自动化.     

基于Delphi编程开发家具企业信息管理系统

通过分析传统家具企业存在的问题,设计出家具企业信息化处理软件,建立起家具企业管理系统.系统前台使用Delphi开发语言,后台使用SQL 2000数据库,并应用C/S模式结构,实现家具企业管理系统的信息化.     

大规模定制家具客户关系管理构建与应用

首先对客户关系管理(CRM)的内涵和运作特点进行了研究,分析大规模定制家具CRM的必要性和面临的挑战,继而构建大规模定制家具CRM的架构图,由此提出了实现大规模定制家具CRM应用的三大关键技术:信息流的流程管理技术、进行企业资源计划(ERP)管理过程中的信息采集与处理技术及大规模定制家具CRM与ERP的集成技术,并详细分析了三大技术,为我国大规模定制家具企业实施CRM时提供一定的借鉴依据。     

吉林省家具企业技术力量现状及发展方向探讨

本文从我省家具企业的技术力量的调查、分析入手，分析了我省家具企业技术力量、企业生产存在的问题，同时从我国家具工业的发展方向出发，提出了我省家具企业应采取的手段和措施。     

应用Delphi设计家具制造企业MRP系统

阐述了我国家具企业现状及其存在的问题,通过对某家具制造企业的生产流程分析,以Delphi语言设计前台界面,Microsoft SQL Server 2000管理后台数据,设计家具制造业MRP(Manufacturing Resource Planning,简称制造资源计划)生产管理系统,实现家具企业的生产信息化和信息集成化,为家具企业实现现代化管理提供技术支持。     

家具企业生产车间管理信息系统设计

家具制造业是我国森林工业的重要行业，家具企业的生产组织方式和管理水平对家具的制造成本和生产周期有很大影响，最终决定了企业的经济效益。     

基于ERP的C/S和B/S混合模式家具生产企业管理信息系统

阐述了企业资源计划(ERP)概念及其在企业管理系统中应用的重要性.以ERP思想为指导,提出了一种新型的C/S和B/S混合模式的家具企业管理信息系统,并对C/S和B/S混合模式下数据库访问方式进行阐述,对系统程序流程图的设计、子系统的设置以及功能开发等关键技术进行研究.     

日本家具市场现状

据调查，目前日本国内家具的销售总额约为270亿美元，成为仅次于美国的第二大家具消费国。一般的日本家庭，每人一生中要消费家具3次。日本国内家具生产能力约占家具消费市场的80％，其余20％为国外进口家具。由于人力资源和原材料短缺，日本国内家具的生产成本呈现不断增加的态势，加之越来越多的日本消费者开始崇外，使国内企业生产的家具难以满足本国市场需求。为此，日本政府制定了大幅度开放本国家具进口市场的政策。专家建议，我国的家具企业应利用此机遇，拓展日本家具市场。     

AHEC第十届东南亚及大中华区年会六月在京召开

据调查，目前日本国内家具的销售总额约为270亿美元，成为仅次于美国的第二大家具消费国。一般的日本家庭，每人一生中要消费家具3次。日本国内家具生产能力约占家具消费市场的80％，其余20％为国外进口家具。由于人力资源和原材料短缺，日本国内家具的生产成本呈现不断增加的态势，加之越来越多的日本消费者开始崇外，使国内企业生产的家具难以满足本国市场需求。为此，日本政府制定了大幅度开放本国家具进口市场的政策。专家建议，我国的家具企业应利用此机遇，拓展日本家具市场。     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.     

Interactions in decomposition and N mineralization between tropical legume residue components

In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts (stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea, largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols. Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its components are mixed.     

Pasture production and tree growth in a young pine plantation fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and milk sewage in northwestern Spain

The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization, (2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha⁻¹ target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha⁻¹. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea (Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m², with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Key Habitats in the Norwegian Production Forest: A Case Study

This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes.