吉林白鹅大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

为了指导临床合理使用药物 ,有效防治鹅大肠杆菌病 ,采取病鹅的肝、心血作细菌的分离培养 ,经革兰氏染色、镜检和多种糖发酵试验以及VP、MR试验 ,鉴定该细菌为大肠杆菌 ;采用试管液体二倍稀释法进行药敏试验 ,测定了 10种药物对鹅大肠杆菌分离株的最小抑菌浓度 ,从中筛选出最有效的抗大肠杆菌药物。     

肉鸡大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

正本研究以陕西省铜川市某养殖场疑似肉鸡大肠杆菌病的病鸡为研究对象,采集其肝脏、脾脏等组织作为病料,进行细菌的分离培养以及生化鉴定、血清型鉴定,并进一步进行了药敏试验。试验结果表明,分离获取的40株分离株均为大肠杆菌,分离率为66.67%,其血清型分别为O78(10株)、O2(8株)、O8(6株)、O143(4株)、O1(3株)、O35(2株)。药敏试验结果显示:分离株对环丙沙星高敏;对卡那霉素、红霉素中     

肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病病原的分离鉴定与药敏试验

本文对肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病病原的分离鉴定与药敏试验进行了研究。通过对一例肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病原菌进行分离培养、涂片镜检和细菌的生化反应试验,并对分离菌进行了鉴定,确诊肉仔鸡大肠杆菌感染。对分离株大肠杆菌进行了药敏试验,结果表明:分离株对美克和康诺极度敏感,对优克特、大安和氟欣康药物呈现中度敏感,对杆宁、安泰、奇诺和喘泰产生了耐药性。     

鸡大肠杆菌分离及药敏试验研究

试验通过对某地区从60例疑似病死鸡体内分离出55株细菌,经生化鉴定50株属大肠杆菌,并筛选出具有代表性的5个鸡场分离的大肠杆茵做药敏试验,以期了解该地区鸡大肠杆茵耐药性情况,从而为该地区防治鸡的大肠杆菌病提供科学依据．为今后科学合理的防治禽大肠杆菌病积累经验。     

鸡大肠杆菌分离鉴定与药敏试验

本试验对上海地区分离的4株细菌经培养特性、生化试验及血清学试验，鉴定为大肠杆菌。4株细菌用O抗原单因子血清鉴定均为O78；用临床上常用的14种抗菌素纸片对分离菌株进行药敏试验，筛选出敏感药物用于临床治疗取得良好效果，有效地控制了鸡大肠杆菌病的流行。     

贵州省部分地区鸡源大肠杆菌血清型鉴定及药敏试验

为了帮助养殖业者预防和治疗鸡大肠杆菌病,试验从贵阳、遵义的规模鸡场无菌采集病鸡或病死鸡的病料,进行病原菌分离及鉴定,对贵州部分地区鸡源大肠杆菌病的主要血清型进行了调查。经血清型鉴定,发现该地区流行的鸡大肠杆菌病的优势血清型为O78(9/31)、O15(4/31)和O45(4/31)。为了减少养殖户盲目用药,作者对31株鸡大肠杆菌进行了药敏试验。结果显示,高敏感的药物有阿米卡星、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢唑啉和丁胺卡那霉素;低敏感的药物有氟笨尼考、氨苄青霉素和罗红霉素等。     

宠物犬源致病性大肠杆菌鉴定血清型检测与耐药性分析

为了分析安徽池州地区宠物犬源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性,使用无菌肛门拭子采集26家宠物医院腹泻宠物粪便样品63份进行细菌分离鉴定,获得了30株大肠杆菌。对分离的30株大肠杆菌用灌胃方式攻毒小鼠验证其致病性,结果显示,20株为致病性大肠杆菌。利用玻板凝集试验和K-B药敏纸片法分别测定20株致病性大肠杆菌分离株的血清型和耐药性,结果显示,20株致病性大肠杆菌分离株共有10种血清型,以O8和O13为优势血清型; 20株致病性大肠杆菌分离株均对头孢克肟、头孢曲松、恩诺沙星、丁胺卡那霉素4种药物高度敏感;对其他药物存在不同程度的耐药。本试验为该地区的宠物犬大肠杆菌病的防治提供基础。     

秦皇岛地区貂源大肠杆菌(E. coli)的分离鉴定及药敏试验分析

为了确定秦皇岛地区貂源大肠杆菌(E. coli)流行情况及耐药性。本试验从秦皇岛地区不同水貂养殖场采集腹泻水貂的肠内容物及粪便57份,通过细菌的分离培养,形态学观察、生化鉴定等方法,分离鉴定出42株E.coli。致病性试验表明,34株为致病性E.coli。药敏试验结果表明,该菌仅对头孢克肟、头孢曲松、氟苯尼考等4种药物高度敏感;该菌具有很强的耐药性,耐药率达到40.4%～100%;该菌存在多重耐药现象,最高耐15种药物,且均耐8种药物以上。本研究为该地区水貂大肠杆菌病防治提供研究基础。     

2011年黄三角地区鸭源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

本试验从黄河三角洲区域2011年规模化肉鸭商品鸭场送检的病料中,通过细菌分离、培养特性观察、生化试验和致病性试验,分离到54株鸭源高致病性大肠杆菌。通过药敏试验,发现分离菌对多种抗生素存在多重耐药,其中对链霉素、氨苄西林和克林霉素3种药物的耐药性达到90%以上。敏感性较高的药物有阿米卡星、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松等药物。对分离菌进行了O抗原血清型分型,初步鉴定有12种血清型存在,其中O78、O35、O2、O18分别有12株、8株、6株和5株,为该区域优势血清型。本试验为了解和掌握该区域鸭源大肠杆菌病的流行情况,进一步研究和防控该病提供了参考依据。     

10株动物源肠出血性大肠杆菌的分离与药敏试验

为了探讨病死动物中肠出血性大肠杆菌的感染情况及分离菌的生化特性和药物敏感性,试验无菌采集病料,对其进行细菌分离、生化鉴定和药敏试验。结果表明:从病料中共采集到10株细菌,将其接种至绵羊血平板上出现β溶血,在麦康凯琼脂培养基上生长变为粉色;生化鉴定结果基本符合肠出血性大肠杆菌的生化特点;药敏试验结果显示分离菌对不同药物具有不同的敏感性,其中对阿米卡星的敏感率最高达到95.5%,而对多西环素的敏感率仅为4.5%。说明肠出血性大肠杆菌易感染动物,且呈现不同的药物敏感率。     

徐州地区蛋鸡大肠杆菌病的诊治

对临床发现的由鸡大肠杆菌引起的以鸡输卵管炎和腹膜炎为典型症状的传染病诊治情况进行论述。采用大肠杆菌分离培养、生化试验和药敏试验对病料进行了病原鉴定,结果表明徐州地区鸡群被大肠杆菌感染,并提出了防治鸡大肠杆菌病的建议。     

Occurrence of mannose resistant hemagglutinins in Escherichia coli strains isolated from porcine colibacillosis

Three-hundred and fifty-eight E. coli strains isolated from piglets were tested for the presence of hemagglutinins by the use of the active hemagglutination test with or without mannose. Additionally 86 strains from the mentioned number of strains were investigated for the presence of common fimbriae using the same method but growing the strains in media especially suited for the development of this kind of fimbriae. These 358 strains and additionally 202 E. coli strains were tested using antisera for 987P and K88 antigens. It was found, using the active hemagglutination test, that 51.4% of the strains were hemagglutinating. The hemagglutinating strains carried the K88 antigen. All these strains were isolated from new-born and weaned piglets with enterotoxic form of colibacillosis, called also E. coli diarrhea. From cases of this form of colibacillosis originated also 26.7% of the strains in which common fimbriae (type 1) were detected. This result was obtained when the BHI medium was used for cultivation. In case of TSA medium only 2.3% of strains were positive. No specific or common fimbriae were found in strains recovered from septic form of colibacillosis and oedema disease (called also enterotoxaemic form of colibacillosis). No strain of 560 examined showed the presence of fimbrial 987P antigen.     

毛皮动物大肠杆菌对氟喹诺酮类药物及中药的耐药性研究

本试验旨在了解毛皮动物源大肠杆菌的耐药性,有效控制毛皮动物细菌病的发生.针对14株分离自毛皮动物的大肠杆菌,采用PCR方法检测氟喹诺酮类耐药基因gyrA的携带情况,并对扩增得到的gyrA基因进行克隆测序和同源性分析;进一步针对gyrA基因制备地高辛标记的核酸探针,使用斑点杂交检测大肠杆菌对氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药情况;使用牛津杯法检测了大肠杆菌分离株对复方中药的敏感性.结果显示,PCR检出gyrA基因的阳性携带率为57.1%,斑点杂交检出耐氟喹诺酮类大肠杆菌的阳性率为50.0%,对复方中药的耐药率为28.6%.结果表明,毛皮动物对氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性非常严重,对中药表现较高的敏感性,研究结果将为临床毛皮动物大肠杆菌病的防制提供依据.     

Resistance of E.coli from Fur-bearing Animals to Fluoroquinolones and Compound Chinese Medicine

The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance to fluoroquinolones and compound Chinese medicine, and control colibacillosis in fur-bearing animals.14 E.coli strains isolated from diseased fur-bearing animals were detected by PCR for the fluoroquinolone-resistant gyrA gene,and then the PCR fragment of gyrA gene was cloned,sequenced and analyzed for homology.Afterwards,the fragment was labeled with digoxigenin as DNA probe for dot-blot hybridization detection.The resistance to compound Chinese medicine was detected by Oxford-cup tests.The results demonstrated that the positive rates of PCR and dot-blot hybridization were 57.1% and 50.0%,respectively.Only 28.6% of the E.coli strains were resistant to compound Chinese medicine.The results indicated that the resistance to fluoroquinolones in E.coli strains from fur-bearing animals was severe,however,the isolates were much more sensitive to compound Chinese medicine.The results would provide basis for control of colibacillosis of fur-bearing animals.     

鸡新城疫与大肠杆菌病混合感染的诊治

鸡新城疫是由鸡新城疫病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染病,致死率较高。目前,我国普遍采用以新城疫疫苗接种为主的综合防控措施,能够在很大程度上控制该病的大规模流行。鸡大肠杆菌病是由大肠埃希菌感染引起的传染病,多个血清型的大肠埃希菌是多种动物肠道内的常驻菌,因此其分布极为广泛,致病率也较高,并且多与其他疫病混合感染。通过开展病死鸡的病理变化检查、实验室检验以及分离菌株的药物敏感性试验,对临床接诊的鸡新城疫及大肠杆菌混合感染病例进行诊断并提出综合防控措施,以期为兽医临床2种疾病的防控提供有益参考。     

天祝县某实验鸡场大肠杆菌病综合防控情况调查

为进一步科学有效防控鸡大肠杆菌病,降低鸡场养殖成本,天祝县动物卫生监督所选取辖区内典型鸡场作为实验鸡场,开展了"鸡大肠杆菌病的综合防制"课题研究。某实验鸡场截至2017年11月底该鸡场累计养殖蛋鸡47580只,期间累计确诊感染鸡大肠杆菌病8879例,发病率18.66%,患病后死淘3809例,死淘率42.89%,发病率及死淘率极高。项目实验组在全面分析病因、进行流行病学调查的基础上,通过综合治疗、有效环境控制、消毒、科学合理营养搭配、全进全出饲养方式落实等措施制定并实施,2018年至2019年4月底,该鸡场累计养殖蛋鸡60480只,2018年1~6月确诊鸡大肠杆菌病发病641只,发病率下降至1.1%,因患鸡大肠杆菌病死淘102只,下半年至2019年期间共死淘782只鸡,全部属机械性损伤后淘汰鸡,实验室未检测出大肠杆菌。     

中兽医药防治鸡大肠杆菌病应用

鸡大肠杆菌病是由埃希氏大肠杆菌引起,以心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、腹膜炎、输卵管炎、滑膜炎等主要病变。目前鸡大肠杆菌病的流行日趋复杂化,防控难度加大,发病率和死亡率均较高,给养鸡业带来严重经济损失。抗生素在一定程度上能够起到较好的治疗效果,但是由于长时间不规范的应用,致使大肠杆菌的耐药菌株不断出现,疗效越来越不明显。中兽药由于无抗药性,在防治鸡大肠杆菌病中已取得显著效果。     

氟苯尼考长效制剂对鸡大肠杆菌病的疗效试验

用试管二倍稀释法测定了氟苯尼考与丁胺卡那霉素对大肠杆菌质控菌株ATCC25922,菌株K88、HD1047和临床分离的36株大肠杆菌的体外抗菌活性,进行了鸡大肠杆菌病的临床疗效试验.结果质控菌株和K88、HD1047株对氟苯尼考均敏感,36株临床分离菌株对氟苯尼考的敏感率为96.2%.在临床疗效试验中,氟苯尼考长效口服液和注射剂组的死亡率低于感染对照组和丁胺卡那霉素对照组(P《0.01),治愈率及有效率高于感染对照组和丁胺卡那霉素对照组(P《0.01),表明氟苯尼考长效制剂对鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗有很好的疗效并有较好的应用前景.     

Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli strains isolated from chickens with colisepticaemia in Morocco

Sixty-two strains of Escherichia coli were isolated in 58 farms from broiler chickens showing respiratory signs and lesions characteristic of avian colibacillosis. Serological examination of these strains showed that the types 078, 01 and 02 (for the somatic antigen) and K1 (for the capsular antigen) were the most frequently found. Newcastle disease virus was also isolated in two cases. All the strains of E. coli isolated were sensitive to colistin, flumequine and gentamicin. A few strains were resistant to neomycin, nalidixic acid and trimethoprim. The frequency of strains resistant to nitrofurans, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, spectinomycin and ampicillin was intermediate. Most strains were resistant to tetracycline. Multiple resistance was common.     

Genetic variability of avian Escherichia coli strains evaluated by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction

In this study, we tested the capability of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) and repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect genetic diversity among Escherichia coli strains isolated from chickens bearing clinical signs of colibacillosis and compared the genotypes so obtained with the O:H serotypes and virulence of those strains. The DNAs from 50 avian E. coli strains and from E. coli ATCC 25922 were used to amplify ERIC and REP sequences. DNA from avian strains produced from 8 to 17 bands by ERIC-PCR and from 6 to 20 bands by REP-PCR; E. coli ATCC produced 11 bands by both methods. ERIC and REP-PCR showed good discriminating power, and the dendograms based on the different patterns revealed extensive genetic diversity among the avian strains. Those strains were allocated into four major clonal clusters, each one with 60% of similarity by ERIC and REP-PCR, and those clusters corresponded to strains with different degrees of pathogenicity. However, 56% of the pathogenic strains (28/50) belonged to two out of three major clonal clusters, and 86% of the nonpathogenic strains tended to group in one cluster and one subgroup. The 32 serotypes detected were distributed in all clusters, and within a serogroup, different DNA fingerprints were observed; however, strains with same serotypes tended to form clusters with similarity coefficients greater than 80%. These results suggest that no specific serotype and genotype is responsible for colibacillosis and that REP and ERIC-PCR are reproducible techniques that can improve the studies needed to clarify the pathways to the pathogenesis of colibacillosis.