8984×GY220F2∶3家系植株性状的分离特征及相关分析

[目的]研究由优良普通玉米自交系8984与高油玉米自交系GY220杂交构建的F2∶3家系的分离特征及其相关性。[方法]在夏播环境条件下对8个植株性状进行分析。[结果]F2∶3家系间各性状均存在极显著的差异,并呈连续性正态分布,存在明显的双向超亲分离;株高与穗位高、顶高、穗上叶片数、叶面积、雄穗长和雄穗分枝数,穗位高与顶高、穗上叶片数、叶面积、雄穗长和雄穗分枝数,顶高与顶高/株高、穗上叶片数、叶面积、雄穗长和雄穗分枝数,顶高/株高与穗上叶片数,穗上叶片数与叶面积、雄穗分枝数,叶面积与雄穗长间均呈显著或极显著的表型和遗传正相关;顶高/株高与株高、穗位高、叶面积和雄穗分枝数间均呈显著或极显著的表型和遗传负相关。[结论]该研究可以为高油玉米育种及其相关性状的分子遗传研究提供一定的科学依据。     

通径分析在玉米F2∶3群体叶向值相关性状中的应用

为了揭示玉米叶向值相关性状的影响因素,为育种、定向选择株系及叶向值遗传机制研究提供依据,对玉米F2∶3群体250个家系的叶向值及其相关性状进行了通径分析。结果表明,各性状对叶向值的直接贡献大小依次为X2X4X5X8X7X9X6X3X1,所有叶挺直长对叶向值均是正向效应,所有叶夹角对叶向值均是负向效应。因此,在育种、定向选择株系及叶向值遗传机制研究中,应注重对叶挺直长的正向选择效应,注重对叶夹角的负向选择效应。     

Identification of QTL for Popping Characteristics Using a BC2F2 Population and Comparison with Its F2：3 Population in Popcorn

Normal corn germplasm can be used to improve popcorn （Zea mays L.） through 1-2 backcrosses with popcorn as recurrent parents. Popping characteristics of derived lines from popcorn × dent or flint corn crosses play a determinant role in popcorn breeding. Advanced backcross QTL methods can effectively combine QTL identification and plant breeding. 220 selected BC2F2 families developed from a cross between Dan 232, a dent corn inbred line, and N04, an elite popcorn inbred line, were evaluated for three popping characteristics, popping volume, flake size, and popping rate, under two environmental conditions. Using composite interval mapping, a total of 10 significant QTLs were detected, and of these, 2 to 4 QTLs were identified for each trait. Six QTLs had favorable alleles contributed by Dan 232. Comparison with the 15 QTLs detected in the F2：3 families showed that 3 QTLs were the same in both populations. The QTLs should be redetected in generations developed through severe selection. Improved N04 and near isogenic lines could be developed from this BC2F2 population through selfing or another 1 to 2 backcrosses with N04.