不同驱虫药对伊犁马驱虫效果及血液生理指标的影响

[目的]探究不同驱虫药驱虫前后伊犁马粪便中虫卵种类及数量的变化以及驱虫药对马匹血液生理指标的影响。[方法]选择平均体重（265.5±35.6）kg、出生日期相近的1岁伊犁马40匹,随机分为5组,每组8匹,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组。在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下,试验Ⅰ组给予伊维菌素,试验Ⅱ组给予吡喹酮,试验Ⅲ组给予阿苯达唑,试验Ⅳ组给予伊维菌素和阿苯达唑的混合药剂驱虫,对照组不驱虫。在驱虫前及驱虫后1、2、3、7、14 d采集马匹粪便样本,进行虫卵鉴别与计数,计算寄生虫感染率;驱虫后14 d采集马匹血液样品,测定血液生理指标。[结果](1)驱虫后14 d,除对照组粪便中虫卵种类和数量较多,试验Ⅱ组粪便中有少量虫卵外,其余试验组均未发现虫卵;与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组马匹粪便中每克粪便虫卵数（eggs per gram,EPG）均降低了612.50个（P<0.01）,试验Ⅱ组EPG降低了562.50个（P<0.01）。(2)试验Ⅰ组单核细胞数量极显著（P<0.01）低于对照组;试验Ⅳ组嗜碱性粒细胞数量极显著（P<0...     

放牧与舍饲伊犁马血液生化指标的比较研究

文章旨在探究放牧与舍饲伊犁马血液生化指标的差异。试验选择年龄、体重相近且健康的放牧和舍饲伊犁马公马各10匹,分别为放牧组和舍饲组,其中放牧组马匹在指定草场放牧饲养,舍饲组马匹在马厩内饲养,且只饲喂粗饲料,所有马匹均自由采食和饮水,饲养1个月后,在试验最后1 d早晨采集马匹血液样品,处理后测定。结果表明：放牧马与舍饲马血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量均无显著性差异（P> 0.05）,血清矿物元素镁和铁含量显著高于舍饲马16.09%和39.86%(P <0.05),血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶活力显著高于舍饲马95.14%(P <0.05),血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶和碱性磷酸酶活力显著高于舍饲马50.54%和114.82%(P <0.05),血清肌酐及尿素含量显著高于舍饲马22.61%和49.35%(P <0.05),而常量元素钙、无机磷、葡萄糖、总胆汁酸和尿酸含量放牧马与舍饲马之间无显著性差异（P> 0.05）。因此,在夏季,放牧马的生长代谢活动旺盛,蛋白质代谢水平均优于舍饲马。     

4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响。选用平均体重为(227.38± 16.48)kg的1岁伊犁马16匹,随机分为2组,每组8匹,采用分期分组的试验方法,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。试验Ⅰ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草8 kg/d、颗粒精料0 kg/d;试验Ⅱ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草7 kg/d、颗粒精料1 kg/d;试验Ⅲ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草6.3 kg/d、颗粒精料1.7 kg/d;试验Ⅳ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草5.6 kg/d、颗粒精料2.4 kg/d。进行21 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期15 d,正试期6 d。结果表明,1岁伊犁马对干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、磷的消化率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加呈增长趋势,而中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙的消化率呈下降趋势;消化能、代谢能随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加呈增长趋势(P > 0.05);氮沉积量、氮沉积率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而增长,其中试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组氮沉积量、氮沉积率极显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P < 0.01);钙沉积量、钙沉积率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而降低,且试验Ⅰ组极显著高于试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P < 0.01);磷沉积量随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而极显著增加(P < 0.01);各组血浆中总蛋白含量差异不显著(P > 0.05),但试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血浆尿素氮含量均低于试验Ⅰ组(P > 0.05)。综合1岁伊犁马对4种日粮的消化代谢情况及血液生化指标,1岁伊犁马粗蛋白质适宜需要量为14.28 g/kg代谢体重,可消化蛋白适宜需要量为9.16 g/kg代谢体重,代谢能适宜需要量为1.74 MJ/kg代谢体重,消化能适宜需要量为1.41 MJ/kg代谢体重。     

不同驱虫药对伊犁马营养物质表观消化率的影响

[目的] 研究不同驱虫药对伊犁马营养物质表观消化率的影响,为驱虫药在马属动物养殖中的科学应用提供参考。[方法] 选择平均体重相近的1岁龄伊犁马40匹,随机分为5组,每组8匹（公母各半）,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组。在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下,对照组马不驱虫,试验Ⅰ组马灌服伊维菌素乳剂0.1 mL/（kg·BW）,试验Ⅱ组马灌服吡喹酮片剂0.01 g/（kg·BW）,试验Ⅲ组马灌服阿苯达唑片剂0.025 g/（kg·BW）,试验Ⅳ组马灌服伊维菌素10 mg/（kg·BW）+阿苯达唑350 mg/（kg·BW）。驱虫后进行20 d的消化代谢试验,预试期15 d,正试期5 d;正试期采用全收粪法采集样品,测定或计算马营养物质消化代谢指标。[结果] 试验Ⅳ组的干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）、粗蛋白（CP）、总能（GE）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、磷（P）采食量和排出量高于其他4组（P>0.05）。试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的DM、OM、GE、NDF、ADF、Ca和P消化量与对照组相比均有所提升（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组的DM、OM、CP、GE、NDF、ADF、Ca和P表观消化率提高幅度分别为1.91%、1.87%、1.42%、2.27%、3.05%、2.13%、13.68%和2.06%（P>0.05）,试验Ⅲ组的DM、OM、GE、NDF、ADF、Ca和P表观消化率与对照组相比提高幅度分别为2.45%、2.83%、2.26%、2.10%、1.20%、20.24%和6.55%（P>0.05）;试验Ⅳ组除Ca的表观消化率高于对照组（P>0.05）,其余营养物质的表观消化率均低于对照组（P>0.05）。[结论] 在该试验条件下,单独使用吡喹酮片剂或阿苯达唑片剂对1岁龄伊犁马进行驱虫处理,对提高营养物质表观消化率表现出一定的积极作用。     

伊犁马泌乳后期饲喂不同粗蛋白质、消化能水平日粮对马驹生长发育和血液生化指标的影响

本试验选取年龄11~12周岁、体重(410±30)kg、胎次4~5胎,处于第3泌乳月的伊犁马30匹,随机分为6组,每组5匹马。采用两因子二次回归正交旋转组合设计,以日粮粗蛋白质和消化能为变量,研究泌乳后期伊犁母马饲喂不同粗蛋白质、消化能水平日粮对马驹生长发育和血液生化指标的影响。试验1~6组消化能和粗蛋白质日饲喂量分别为92 MJ/d、1.20 kg/d,125 MJ/d、1.20 kg/d,92 MJ/d、1.55 kg/d,107 MJ/d、1.35 kg/d,125 MJ/d、1.44 kg/d和115 MJ/d、1.55 kg/d。结果表明,母马饲喂不同营养水平日粮对4、5月龄马驹体重、体高、胸围和管围均无显著影响(P>0.05)。与试验2组(消化能125 MJ/d、粗蛋白质1.20 kg/d)相比,试验4组(消化能107 MJ/d、粗蛋白质1.35 kg/d)马驹4、5月龄时体长发育显著增加(P<0.05)。从血液生化指标来看,各组间马驹总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿素氮、肌酐及谷丙转氨酶水平均无显著差异(P>0.05),母马饲喂试验4组日粮后可明显提高马驹尿酸和谷草转氨酶水平。由此可知,伊犁母马泌乳后期粗蛋白质摄入1.35 kg/d、消化能摄入107 MJ/d时可明显提高马驹体长发育速度,日粮营养通过提高谷草转氨酶活性影响氮代谢。     

饲喂不同水平的精料补充料对6月龄伊犁马马驹消化代谢、血液生化指标及体增重的影响

本试验以6月龄伊犁马驹为试验动物,饲喂不同水平的精料补充料,通过全收粪、收尿法进行消化代谢试验,探究饲喂不同水平的精料补充料对6月龄伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标及体增重的影响,为6月龄伊犁马驹的科学饲喂提供依据。试验选用平均体重为(145.28±1.69) kg的6月龄断奶伊犁公马驹20匹,随机分为4组,每组5匹,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ组,各组每匹马每天饲喂4 kg苜蓿干草,在此基础上分别饲喂精料补充料0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 kg。进行20 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期16 d,正试期4 d。结果表明,随精料补充料饲喂水平的增加6月龄伊犁马马驹对营养物质的摄入量,干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、钙的消化量,以及消化能、代谢能、氮沉积率、钙沉积率均增加,对6月龄伊犁马马驹血浆中总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白及血液尿素氮含量均无显著影响(P > 0.05),但6月龄伊犁马马驹血液中球蛋白的含量有增加的趋势,血液中尿素氮的含量有降低的趋势;此外试验期内平均日增重随精料补充料饲喂水平的增加呈上升趋势。因此,增加6月龄伊犁马马驹精料补充料的饲喂水平可提高营养物质摄入量、消化率及沉积率,还可增强机体免疫能力、促进氮沉积并提高马驹的平均日增重。     

猪运输应激血液生化指标变化

４月龄猪８头（２４，早４），在最高气温３０℃下，用汽车运输４ｈ多（约１６０ｋｍ）。运输前和运输后连续５ｄ采集静脉血液，进行主要生化指标检验。结果：与运输前相比，血清总蛋白和球蛋白在运输停止时升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），运输停止后第１～５天降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；尿素氮和甘油三酯运输后第１～２天升高；血清钠运输后第１～３天降低，血清钾运输后第１～５天降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；血清ＣＫ和ＡＳＴ在运输停止时和运输停止后第１天活性升高，ＬＤＨ只能保持１ｄ活性升高；血清白蛋白、葡萄糖、胆固醇、无机磷、皮质醇和血乳酸运输后都有不同程度升高，但统计学检验差异不显著。     

真鲷血液生理生化指标的研究

通过对真鲷血液的红细胞数、白细胞数、血红蛋白含量、血清酸性磷酸酶活力、血清碱性磷酸酶活力、血清乳酸脱氢酶活力,以及血清白蛋白、血清总蛋白、血清总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯含量进行测定。其结果经统计学分析表明,真鲷血液的红细胞数为（223.25&#177;14.89）万个/mm^3,白细胞数为（4.55&#177;0.60）万个/mm^3,血红蛋白含量为（65.75&#177;6.85）g/L,血清酸性磷酸酶活力为（2.58&#177;0.45）U/L,血清碱性磷酸酶活力为（42.97&#177;4.17）U/L,血清乳酸脱氢酶活力为（205.28&#177;14.82）U/L,血清白蛋白含量为（31.73&#177;3.53）g/L,血清总蛋白含量为（63.10&#177;3.74）g/L,血清总胆固醇含量为（4.11&#177;0.57）mmol/L,血清甘油三酯含量为（1.10&#177;0.22）mmol/L。     

肉鸡脂肪肝综合征血液流变学和生化指标变化的研究

用高脂肪日粮饲喂45日龄三黄肉鸡，建立脂肪肝综合征（fatty liver syndrome, FLS）病理模型，系统观察了FLS鸡血液流变学和生化指标的变化规律。与正常对照鸡比较，FLS鸡全血黏度、血浆黏度、全血高切还原黏度、全血低切还原黏度、全血高切相对指数、全血低切相对指数显著升高（P〈0．01），ESR血沉、血沉方程k值降低（P〈0．01）；血清甘油三酯含量、总胆固醇含量、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量、丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性以及肝脂肪含量和肝指数明显升高（P〈0．01）。     

Effects of Phytooestrogens Supplementation on Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Capacity of Lactating Yili Mare

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of phytooestrogens supplementation on blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity of Yili maria during lactation.A total of 24 Yili maria during lactation were divided into four groups with similar age,parity,lactation months,i.e.groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and control group.The control group and trial groups fed with the same based diet,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were supplemented with 0.7 g soybean isoflavone,0.7 g genistein,0.35 g soybean isoflavone and 0.35 g genistein respectively.The total duration of the experiment was 90 d,the first 10 d of the experiment was the preliminary period and the formal experiment lasted for 80 d.The blood samples were collected by jugular vein in the experiment of 0,20,40,60,80 days,respectively,3 500 r/min centrifuged 15 min separate plasma and -20 ℃ saved for later use.The results showed that compared with control group,total protein,albumin content and GSH-Px,SOD,CAT activity of blood in trail groups were no significant difference (P >0.05);But CAT,T-AOC activity of blood in trail groups had a upward trend.GLB,BUN content of blood in group Ⅱ were significantly higher than control group and group Ⅰ (P< 0.05);no significant difference was observed among other groups (P >0.05).Compared with control group,the MDA content of blood in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were trends to decrease,and group Ⅰ reached significant level (P< 0.05).Therefore,phytooestrogens supplementation had enhanced immune function,improved the body's antioxidant capacity of Yili maria during lactation,when supplementary feeding 0.7 g soybean isoflavone on antioxidant capacity of Yili maria during lactation was more obvious effect.     

补饲植物雌激素对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化力的影响

试验旨在研究补饲植物雌激素对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响。根据年龄、胎次、泌乳月龄相近的原则选择泌乳期伊犁母马24匹,随机分为4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别补饲0.7 g大豆异黄酮、0.7 g染料木素、0.35 g大豆异黄酮和0.35 g染料木素。预试期10 d,正试期80 d,分别于试验的第0、20、40、60、80天颈静脉采集血液样品,3 500 r/min离心15 min,分离血浆,－20 ℃保存备用。结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲植物雌激素对泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性的影响均不显著(P >0.05);但试验组过氧化氢酶活性、总抗氧化能力均有不同程度的提高;试验Ⅱ组血液中球蛋白、尿素氮含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),其余各组间差异均不显著(P >0.05);与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血液中丙二醛含量均呈降低趋势,且试验Ⅰ组达到显著水平(P<0.05)。因此,补饲植物雌激素对泌乳期母马增强免疫机能,提高机体抗氧化能力起到了一定作用,且补饲0.7 g大豆异黄酮时对机体抗氧化能力效果较为明显。     

Effects of Four Kinds of Diets on Nutrient Digestion,Metabolism and Blood Biochemical Indexes of One-year-old Yili Horse

Effects of four kinds of diets on nutrient digestion and metabolism and blood biochemical indexes of one-year-old Yili horse were studied in this experiment.16 health horses(all males) with an average body weight of (227.38±16.48)kg and similar age (one-year old) were used in a staging and grouping experiment design.First stage had groupsⅠ and Ⅱ,second stage had groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ.The horses of group Ⅰ were fed with alfalfa 8 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 0 kg/d; The horses of group Ⅱ were fed with alfalfa 7 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅲ were fed with alfalfa 6.3 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1.7 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅳ were fed with alfalfa 5.6 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 2.4 kg/d.Each stage lasted for 21 d (15 d pretrial period and 6 d trial period).The results showed that the digestibility of DM,OM,CP and P were increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,while the digestibility of NDF,ADF and Ca showed downtrend.DE and ME were significantly increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P > 0.05).N retention and retention rate showed an increasing tendency,N retention and retention rate of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significant higher than those in group Ⅰ (P < 0.01).Ca retention and retention rate decreased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,and Ca retention and retention rate of group Ⅰ were extremely significant higher than those in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P < 0.01).P retention was extremely significant increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P < 0.01).There were no significant difference in the content of TP among all trial groups (P > 0.05),but the content of BUN in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those in group Ⅰ (P > 0.05).Thus,comprehensive nutrient digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indicators of four of kinds diets in one-year-old Yili horse,the requirement of crude protein,digestible protein,metabolizable energy,digestible energy were 14.28,9.16 g/(kg·BW) and 1.74,1.41 MJ/(kg·BW),respectively.     

补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

试验旨在研究补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响.根据年龄、胎次、泌乳月龄相近的原则选择泌乳期伊犁母马24匹,随机分为4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别补饲0.05 g枯草芽孢杆菌(活菌数为2.0×10¹¹ CFU/g)和0.133 g植物乳杆菌(活菌数为3.0×10¹⁰ CFU/g)、0.10 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.266 g植物乳杆菌、0.15 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.399 g植物乳杆菌.结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白、血尿素氮含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响均差异不显著(P> 0.05);但补饲复合微生态制剂泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性呈升高的趋势;试验Ⅱ组泌乳期伊犁母马血液中球蛋白含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P <0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05).过氧化氢酶的活性试验Ⅱ组显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P <0.05),试验Ⅰ组与其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05);总抗氧化能力试验Ⅱ组显著高于试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P <0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05).因此,补饲植物乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌复合物对泌乳期母马增强免疫机能,改善氮沉积,提高机体抗氧化能力起到了一定作用,且补饲0.10 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.266 g植物乳杆菌复合物时效果较为明显.     

The Effects of Compound Probiotics Supplementation on Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Capacity of Yili Mare during Lactation

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound probiotics supplementation on blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity of Yili mare during lactation.A total of 24 Yili mare during lactation were divided into four groups with similar age,parity,lactation months,i.e.groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and control group.The control group and trial groups fed with the same based diet,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were supplemented with 0.05 g of Bacillus subtilis (2.0×10¹¹ CFU/g) and 0.133 g of plant Lactobacillus (3.0× 10¹⁰ CFU/g),0.10 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.266 g of plant Lactobacillus,0.15 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.399 g of plant Lactobacillus, respectively.The results showed as follows:Compared with control group,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen contents and GSH-Px,SOD activities of blood in trail groups were no significant differences (P >0.05);But supplementary feeding compound probiotics total protein,albumin contents and SOD activity of blood in trail groups had a upward trend.GLB content of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than the control group and groupⅠ(P <0.05);CAT activity of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than control group and group Ⅲ (P <0.05);T-AOC activity of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than groupsⅠand Ⅲ (P <0.05);No significant difference was observed among other groups (P >0.05).Therefore,supplementary feeding plant Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis complexes had enhanced immune function,improved the nitrogen deposition and the body's antioxidant capacity of Yili mare during lactation,when supplementary feeding 0.10 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.266 g of plant Lactobacillus complexs was more obvious effect.     

Effects of Different Levels of Concentrate Supplement on Nutrition Digestion and Metabolism,Blood Biochemical Indexes and Body Weight Gain in 6 Months Old Yili Foals

6 months old Yili foals were used as the experimental animal fed with different levels concentrate supplement to study the effects of fed with different levels concentrate supplement on digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indexes and body weight gain by total feces and urine collection method,provide evidence for 6 months old Yili foals feeding.According to similar weight,20 weaned 6 months old Yili foals (all males) whose average weight was (145.28±1.69)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups named groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,each group of 5 weaned Yili foals(all males).All Yili foals were fed with alfalfa 4 kg/d,basised on this,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed with 0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 kg/d concentrate supplement.20 d digestion and metabolism experiment,comprised 16 d adaptation and 4 d collection.The results showed that as the amount of concentrate supplement feeding increased,nutrition intake,amount of nutrient digestion of DM,OM,CP,Ca,DE,ME,retention rate of N,Ca increased.There were no significant effects on the content of TP,GLB,ALB,and BUN in plasma of 6 months old Yili foals(P > 0.05),but the content of TP,GLB in plasma showed an increased trend,the concentration of BUN in plasma showed a decreased trend.The ADG of 6 months old Yili foals was gradually increased as the amount of concentrate supplement feeding increased.Therefore,increasing amount of concentrate supplement feeding of 6 months old Yili foals could increase the nutrient intake,digestion rate and retention rate,also could strengthen the body's immune ability,improved nitrogen deposition and the average daily gain.     

不同加工方式玉米粉对6月龄伊犁马消化代谢、血浆生化指标及生长发育的影响

本试验旨在研究不同加工方式玉米粉对6月龄伊犁马消化代谢、血浆生化指标及生长发育的影响,为蒸汽压片玉米粉、膨化玉米粉在马饲粮中的应用提供参考。本试验选取平均体重为(105.10±11.83)kg、健康状况良好的6月龄伊犁公马20匹,按体重相近原则,随机分为4组,每组5匹。每天每匹马饲喂0.3 kg粉状浓缩料和3.5 kg苜蓿干草,在此基础上对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组每天每匹再分别饲喂0.3 kg粉碎玉米粉、0.3 kg粉碎玉米粉+1 gα-淀粉酶、0.3 kg蒸汽压片玉米粉、0.3 kg膨化玉米粉,进行为期20 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期13 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:试验Ⅲ组干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维消化量以及中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维消化率显著高于对照组(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组氮、钙、磷沉积率显著高于对照组、试验Ⅰ组(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组消化能、代谢能显著高于对照组、试验Ⅰ组(P0.05),而对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组之间差异不显著(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组试验期间增重和平均日增重均高于其他各组,但各组间差异不显著(P0.05);就体斜长增加而言,试验Ⅲ组显著高于其他组(P0.05);试验Ⅱ组胸围增加显著高于其他3组(P0.05);各组间血浆生化指标差异不显著(P0.05)。由此得出,饲喂膨化玉米粉可提高饲粮中营养物质的消化率及能量代谢,并促进马的生长发育;而饲喂含酶制剂的粉碎玉米粉或蒸汽压片玉米粉对6月龄伊犁马的营养物质消化率及生长发育无显著促进作用。