禽类下丘脑室旁核向脊髓的直接投射

用微电泳和微量进样技术将ＨＲＰ引入麻鸭、鹅、鸡、鸽子和鹌鹑脊髓的颈中部、颈膨大和腰膨大一侧灰质中,冰冻切片,ＢＤＨＣ法显色,中性红复染。结果,５种动物下丘脑的双侧室旁核内均发现大量标记细胞;同侧标记细胞数多于对侧;标记细胞密集于第３脑室两侧壁的背外侧,形态多为圆形或椭圆形,胞体直径为２０～３５μｍ。本研究结果表明,禽类下丘脑的室旁核可向脊髓发出直接投射,这一直接传导通路呈双侧性投射,但以向同侧脊髓投射占优势,该通路投射的范围广泛分布于脊髓的颈、胸、腰段。     

家禽疑核向脊髓的直接投射及细胞构筑——HRP微电泳法研究

采用微电泳技术，将３０％辣根过氧化物酶分别引入北京鸭、麻鸭、鹅、鸡、鸽和鹌鹑的脊髓颈中部、颈膨大部和腰膨大部的一侧灰质中，灌流固定、冰冻连续切片、ＢＤＨＣ法显色，中性红复染，明视野显微镜下观察并摄影。研究结果：家禽的疑核位于延髓的近腹外侧网状结构中，纵贯延髓的全长，尾端与副神经的脊髓核相连续，细胞呈弥散性分布，多数为大型神经元。     

鸡丘脑背外侧核纤维联系——HRP法研究

鸡丘脑背外侧核前部与上纹状体、新纹状体、外纹状体及圆核和视顶盖有纤维交互投射;丘脑背外侧核后部与上纹状体、新纹状体及圆核和视顶盖有纤维交互投射,且与丘脑其他核团有较多的联系。     

北京鸭中缝脊髓束的起源和细胞构筑——HRP逆行追踪法研究

北京鸭60例,分别在其脊髓一侧的外侧索、腹侧索或灰质中引入HRP,冰冻切片,蓝色反应法显色,中性红复染.结果发现,从延髓到脑桥这一范围的中缝核群内,出现了大量的标记细胞,而在脑桥吻侧以上的中缝核内出现的标记细胞很少.研究结果表明:北京鸭存在着比较发达的中缝脊髓下行传导通路,它主要起始于中缝大核、中缝隐核和中缝苍白核,而这一通路是位于脊髓的外侧索与腹侧索.     

鹌鹑延脑听觉角核向中脑背外侧核的投射

用辣根过氧化物酶（Ｈｏｒｓｅｒａｄｉｓｈｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＨＲＰ）注入非鸣禽鹌鹑（Ｃｏｔｕｒｎｉｘｃｏｔｕｒｎｉｘ）延脑听觉角核（ＮＡ，ｎｕｃｌｅｕｓａｎｇｕｌａｒｉｓ）；内顺行追踪方法，均在对侧脑桥外侧丘系（ＬＬ，ｌｅｍｎｉｓｃｕｓｌａｔｅｒａｌｉｓ）和中脑背外侧核（ＭＬＤ，ｎｕｃｌｅｕｓｍｅｓｅｎｃｅｐｈａｌｉｃｕｓｌａｔｅｒａｌｉｓｐａｒｓｄｏｒｓａｌｉｓ）发现标记纤维。结果表明：鹌鹑角核可发出纤维经外侧丘系直接投入ＭＬＤ，形成脑干听觉直接通路。     

鸡海马结构向小脑各叶的直接投射——HRP逆行追踪法研究

采用HRP法逆行追踪鸡海马结构向小脑各叶投射的起始神经元.将50%HRP溶液分别引入鸡小脑Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ各叶,对端脑及间脑、脑干及小脑进行冰冻切片,TMB呈色,观察脑内标记细胞出现的位置.结果发现,除第Ⅸ叶外,注射小脑各叶双侧端脑海马结构的旁海马内侧区(APHm)出现大量标记细胞.在注射Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ后偶尔在内侧隔核出现少量逆标细胞.随着注射点由Ⅳ叶到Ⅸ叶的后移,在APHm出现标记细胞的可能性渐小,而小脑前核,包括延髓大细胞网状核、下橄榄核、内外侧桥核、中脑的内侧螺旋核等标记的可能性相应地增大.隔核的标记细胞主要定位于外侧隔核.本研究结果表明,鸡存在海马向小脑的直接投射,这种投射主要终止于小脑的前叶、中叶.因为哺乳动物,鸡的隔核与海马有密切的联系.     

猪中脑中央灰质和中缝背核向大脑皮质的投射

用辣根过氧化物酶法研究了２０头仔猪中脑中央灰质和中缝背核向大脑皮质的投射。结果表明，中脑中央灰质和中缝背核投射至广泛的新皮质区。包括十字前回和后回，冠状回，缘回，外缘回，薛氏回和外薛氏回。     

出生前山羊颈段脊髓运动神经元的发育

应用HE染色和超薄切片技术研究第6周到出生前山羊脊髓腹角运动神经元胞体的发育变化。结果表明：1．出生前山羊脊髓腹角运动神经细胞发育包括未分化期、不成熟期、发育成熟期和成熟期4个阶段。2．发育过程中，山羊脊髓运动神经元细胞核的体积持续增长；常染色质增加，异染色质减少且趋边分布；核仁数量减少，中央核仁在第8周形成，以后逐渐发育成熟；核膜渐趋成熟。3．山羊脊髓运动神经元胞体内膜系统的发育变化的规律与神经元的发育阶段相适应。     

Dynamic Compression of the Cervical Spinal Cord: A Myelographic and Pathologic Investigation in Great Dane Dogs

The authors report the radiographic and pathologic findings in 10 Great Dane dogs with the wobbler syndrome. In all 10 dogs it was possible to demonstrate myelographically that there was cervical spinal cord compression at 1 or 2 sites. The spinal cord compression was mainly dynamic in nature, as degree of compression increased in extension and decreased in flexion of the neck in 8 dogs. In 1 dog with deformed vertebral bodies (G6 and C7), compression increased slightly in flexion of the neck. In another dog, compression was lateral and could only be seen in the ventrodorsal view.The macroscopic findings substantiated the radiologic findings. The cause of the spinal cord compression was in 8 dogs a decrease in the dorsoventral diameter of the orifice of the vertebral canal of 1 or 2 vertebrae in combination with deformation and elongation of 1 or several vertebral arches. In extension of the neck, the cervical spinal cord was squeezed between the anterior tip of the elongated vertebral arch and the caudodorsal rim of the body of the adjacent cranial vertebra.Histologic examination was made of the spinal cord in 5 dogs and the compressive lesions that were found could explain the neurologic signs.In the discussion, the question is raised as to why pain is not a prominent sign in dogs with the wobbler syndrome in contrast to in dogs with cervical disc protrusion. It is believed that the inflammatory foreign body reaction, triggered by the protruded calcified nucleus pulposus is the main cause of pain in the disc protrusion syndrome. In the wobbler syndrome there is no obvious inflammatory reaction in the epidural space.Finally, the possible etiologic factors oC importance for the deformation oC the cervical vertebrae in wobblers are discussed. There are indications that both overnutrition and a genetic trait for rapid growth are of importance.