花尾榛鸡育雏的八大技术措施

花尾榛鸡又叫飞龙、松鸡、树鸡，属鸟纲，鸡形目，松鸡科，榛鸡属，为国家二级保护动物。是我国东北及内蒙古最著名的狩猎鸟，其肉味鲜美无比，谚语中有“天上龙肉，地下驴肉”的美称，其肉指的是花尾榛鸡肉。花尾榛鸡肉之所以鲜美，是因为其肉中鲜味物质含量很高并且营养丰富。     

花尾榛鸡育成期的饲养管理

花尾榛鸡俗称飞龙，属鸟纲、鸡形目、松鸡科。本场从2004～2006年分3次购进花尾榛鸡，进行养殖试验，初步得到成功。以下经验供养殖朋友参考。     

花尾榛鸡的研究进展及发展趋势

花尾榛鸡为国家二级保护动物,属于典型的森林鸟类,具有高蛋白、低脂肪的特点,对花尾榛鸡进行人工驯化饲养是目前研究的主要课题。对花尾榛鸡的生态、繁殖、营养、孵化及育雏等方面的内容进行了总结,以期为花尾榛鸡的驯养繁殖提供参考。     

花尾榛鸡与家鸽肌肉营养成分和组织学比较研究

花尾榛鸡肌肉的蛋白质含量高于家鸽,而脂肪的含量较低.花尾榛鸡肌肉的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸及呈鲜味氨基酸(谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸)的含量较高,且氨基酸的组成比较平衡.花尾榛鸡胸肌和腿肌各测得7种人体必需微量元素,家鸽胸肌和腿肌分别测得8种和6种人体必需微量元素.光镜下观察,花尾榛鸡、家鸽的胸肌和腿肌的肌纤维均呈束状平行排列;但花尾榛鸡的肌纤维间结缔组织较少,肌纤维较细.电镜下观察,花尾榛鸡的肌纤维间有丰富的磺小管和终池分布,肌纤维内线粒体数量较多,体积较小;而家鸽的肌纤维间有大量的球形糖原颗粒,肌纤维内线粒体数量较少,体积较大.     

雉鸡、花尾榛鸡血常规和血气正常值

雉鸡(山鸡)和花尾榛鸡(飞龙)均系鸟纲鸡形目的动物,是我国的名贵特产,多用于药疗、食疗和观赏。目前对雉鸡和花尾榛鸡的生态、驯化、繁殖和疾病研究较多,但对其血常规和血气正常值尚未见完整的材料。为此,我们将雉鸡和花尾榛鸡的血常规和血气值报道如下。     

花尾榛鸡人工饲养技术

花尾榛鸡为国家二级保护动物,当前正处于人工驯化养殖扩繁阶段。文章对花尾榛鸡生活习性、繁殖规律、场舍建设、饲养管理及疾病防治等进行总结。     

花尾榛鸡消化道各段长度

花尾榛鸡(Tetrastes bonasia amurensis)属松鸡科、榛鸡属.多分布于辽宁、吉林、黑龙江及内蒙古等省(区),国家二类保护动物.关于花尾榛鸡的生态、饲养驯化、疾病防治等方面均有报道,但对其消化道的研究较少.作者测量了7只花尾榛鸡的消化道,结果如附表.     

花尾榛鸡

花尾榛鸡(Tetrastes Bonasia)俗称飞龙,属鸟纲鸡形目松鸡科榛鸡属。因其肉味鲜美,营养丰富而久负盛名,是名贵野味,具有滋补和扶正之功效。俗话说:天上有龙肉,地上有驴肉。这龙肉指的就是花尾榛鸡,即飞龙肉。花尾榛鸡肉可做多种菜肴,其汤清澈见底,味鲜爽口,为国宴佳肴。目前人工养殖花尾榛鸡已获得成功,并被有关部门列为科技推广项目。花尾榛鸡较适合大中城市郊区养殖,因为大中城市的宾馆饭店都喜欢用其做菜。     

凉水自然保护区花尾榛鸡冬季食性分析

食物是联系动物与环境的纽带,食性分析是野生动物生境研究与管理的核心内容。2015年1月在凉水国家级自然保护区内,采集了花尾榛鸡的粪便样本,使用粪便显微分析法对花尾榛鸡冬季食性进行了分析研究。结果表明,冬季花尾榛鸡取食11科23种植物,主要采食桦木科(35.36%)、杨柳科(28.05%)、榆科(9.82%)及椴树科(8.12%)的植物。山杨为凉水自然保护区冬季花尾榛鸡的大宗食物。花尾榛鸡主要选择山杨、硕桦、毛榛、白桦、裂叶榆、糠椴和辽东桤木的枝和芽作为食物,其中对芽的取食比例明显高于枝。     

花尾榛鸡育雏的关键技术

<正>花尾榛鸡又叫飞龙、松鸡或树鸡,属鸟纲,鸡形目,松鸡科,榛鸡属,为国家二级保护动物,是我国东北及内蒙古最著名的狩猎鸟。其肉味鲜美无比,谚语中有"天上龙肉,地下驴肉"的美称,其肉指的是花尾榛鸡肉。花尾榛鸡肉之所以鲜美,是因为其肉中鲜味物质含量较高并且营养丰富。近些年来,由于森林的大量采伐及无计划猎捕,使野生花尾榛鸡数量急剧减少,市场上花尾榛鸡供不应求,所以必须进行人工驯养,以达到保护野生动物     

临床型乳房炎奶牛致病性大肠杆菌血清型研究

为有效防治乳房炎以及进一步研究致病性大肠杆菌的危害性,本研究对呼和浩特市某奶牛场16头患临床型乳房炎的奶牛进行采样分析了致病性大肠杆菌。结果表明,在16份粪样、乳样中致病性大肠杆菌的检出率分别为100%和68.75%,血样中未检出致病性大肠杆菌。经动物试验表明,所检出的致病菌均有强致病力。在血清型鉴定中,粪样中分离鉴定出致病性大肠杆菌为O51、O55、O127、O7、O91、O101、O112、O92、O142血清型较多;乳样中分离出的致病性大肠杆菌为O55、O101、O112、O134、O51、O53、O78、O91、O126、O128、O158血清型较多。且粪样中分离出的致病性大肠杆菌42种血清型,乳样中分离出的致病性大肠杆菌33种血清型中具有25种血清型相同,分别为:O8、O35、O44、O51、O55、O61、O62、O65、O69、O80、O91、O92、O95、O96、O98、O99、O100、O101、O112、O120、O127、O134、O142、O153、O158。因此可见,作为环境性病原菌,大肠杆菌侵入乳房而引发了奶牛乳房炎。     

军牧1号白猪、杜洛克猪、西藏小型猪和大白猪ESR、FSHβ、EGF基因的多态性分布

摘要：ESR、FSHβ和EGF基因与猪繁殖性状密切相关。为检测军牧1号白猪、西藏小型猪、杜洛克猪和失白猪ESR、FSHβ和EGF基因的多态性分布情况,采用PCR和PCRRFLP的方法对61头军牧1号白猪,51头杜洛克猪,51头西藏小型猪和69头大白猪的ESR、FSHβ和EGF基因多态性进行了检测。结果显示,对于各个基因的优势等位基因,在军牧1号白猪群体中,ESR基因位点A等位基因频率为0．6393,FsHp基因的13等位基因频率高达0．9098,EGF基因的A等位基因频率仅有0．0164杜洛克猪群体中,ESR基因A等位基因频率为0．6078,FSHβ基因的B等位基因频率为0．8235,而EGF基因的八等位基因频率仅为0．0297;西藏小型猪群体中,ESR基因A等位基因频率是0．4608,FSHβ基因B等位基因频率仅为0．0687,H;F基因A等位基因频率为o．1961;大白猪群体中。ESR基因位点有频率为0．5000的有害A等位基因,而FSHβ基因和EGF基因的13等位基因频率则分别为0．8013和0．7391。所有基因型分布均符合哈代温伯格平衡（P〉0．05）。     

犬常见肿瘤流行病学调查及组织病理学诊断

为探讨犬常见肿瘤的发病规律，试验收集哈尔滨地区2016-2017年宠物医院部分犬肿瘤病例71例，采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤进行病理学诊断，并对患病动物的品种、性别、年龄、发生部位和饮食情况与肿瘤发生关系进行统计分析。结果显示，71例确诊肿瘤病例中，恶性肿瘤28例，包括鳞状上皮细胞癌3例，基底细胞癌5例，乳腺癌14例，淋巴瘤2例，肾母细胞瘤、精原细胞癌、生殖细胞癌、侵袭性血管黏液瘤各1例；良性肿瘤43例，包括良性乳腺肿瘤15例，纤维瘤10例，平滑肌瘤5例，乳头状瘤和精原细胞瘤各3例，造釉细胞瘤、耵聍腺瘤、脂肪瘤、结节样增生、性索间质细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、肛周腺瘤各1例。上述病例中，乳腺和皮肤是犬肿瘤的高发部位，分别占全部患犬的40.8%和34.0%；患病犬年龄1~16岁不等，平均发病年龄为9.1岁，7岁以后是肿瘤的高发期，中老年犬仍为主要发病群体，但低龄犬发病数量上升；各品种犬均可发生肿瘤，其中杂种犬发病率最高，其次是贵宾犬和京巴犬，且主要为乳腺肿瘤；饮食习惯主要以剩饭剩菜类和肉拌饭类为主，分别占患犬总数的39%和30%；部分肿瘤类型与犬的性别、是否绝育有关，如乳腺肿瘤多发生于未绝育的老年母犬。本研究结果为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据，对犬肿瘤的预防和诊断有一定的借鉴意义。     

A genetically engineered Escherichia coli phytase improves nutrient utilization, growth performance, and bone strength of young swine fed diets deficient in available phosphorus

A 28-d experiment was conducted using 126 crossbred barrows to evaluate the addition of a genetically engineered Escherichia coli phytase to diets that were 0.15% deficient in available P. Growth performance, bone strength, ash weight, and the apparent absorption of P, Ca, Mg, N, energy, DM, Zn, Fe, and Cu were the response criteria. The pigs (2 pigs/pen) averaged 7.61 kg of BW and 30 d of age initially. The low-P basal diet was supplemented with 0, 100, 500, 2,500, or 12,500 units (U) of E. coli phytase/kg of diet, or 500 U of Peniophora lycii phytase/kg of diet. The positive control (PC) diet was adequate in available P. Pigs were fed the diets in meal form. Fecal samples were collected from each pig from d 22 to 27 of the experiment. There were linear and quadratic increases (P < 0.001) in 28-d growth performance (ADFI, ADG, and G:F), bone breaking strength and ash weight, and the apparent absorption (g/d and %) of P, Ca, and Mg (P < or = 0.01 for quadratic) with increasing concentrations of E. coli phytase. Pigs fed the low-P diets containing 2,500 or 12,500 U/kg of E. coli phytase had greater (P < or = 0.01 or P < 0.001, respectively) values for growth performance, bone breaking strength and ash weight, and the apparent absorption (g/d and %) of P, Ca, and Mg than pigs fed the PC diet. The addition of E. coli phytase did not increase the apparent percentage absorption of N, GE, DM, Zn, Fe, or Cu. There were no differences in the efficacy of the E. coli or P. lycii phytase enzymes at 500 U/kg of low-P diet for any criterion measured. In conclusion, there were linear increases in growth performance, bone breaking strength and ash weight, and the apparent absorption of P, Ca, and Mg with increasing addition of E. coli phytase up to 12,500 U/kg of diet. Also, all of these criteria were greater for pigs fed the low-P diets containing 2,500 or 12,500 U of E. coli phytase/kg than for pigs fed the PC diet. The addition of 500, 2,500, or 12,500 U of E. coli phytase/kg of low-P diet reduced P excretion (g/d) in manure by 35, 42, and 61%, respectively, compared with pigs fed the PC diet.     

甘南玛曲高寒草甸草地沙化的研究

以甘南玛曲高寒草甸生态系统植物群落样地调查资料为基础,对不同沙化程度植物群落结构及物种多样性特征进行了研究分析。结果表明：随着草地沙化程度的加剧,植物群落多样性指数,均匀度指数及丰富度指数下降,优势度指数增加;禾草地上植物量减少,杂草、莎草地上植物量增加,其中,莎草增加最快。中度沙化阶段是植物群落丰富度、多样性、优势度、地上植物量和均匀度变化的一个转折点,演替早期群落多样性,均匀度及地上总植物量最高,在极度沙化阶段,地上总植物量最低,优势度指数最大。     

DNA restriction endonuclease cleavage pattern and protein antigen profile of Ehrlichia risticii

Molecular characterization of Ehrlichia risticii, the etiological agent of Potomac horse fever, was performed. Restriction endonuclease cleavage of E. risticii DNA generated distinct patterns by different enzymes. The DNA cleavage patterns of E. risticii isolates obtained from different geographic regions were similar. Protein analysis identified thirty-five distinct proteins with molecular weights ranging from 160 to 16 kilodalton (kDa). Antigenic analysis by radioimmunoprecipitation using 125I surface labeled E. risticii and by Western blotting determined the presence of eighteen antigens (160, 110, 86, 84, 81, 70, 55, 51, 49, 44, 41, 36, 33, 31, 28, 24, 22 and 16 kDa) of which nine (110, 86, 70, 55, 51, 49, 44, 33, and 28 kDa) were major antigens. Fourteen of these antigens, which included the major antigens, were apparent surface components. There were no heat-modifiable proteins but lipopolysaccharide components of 245 and 14 kDa, resistant to proteinase K and of non-antigenic character, were detected in the organism.     

Some studies on the growth and development of Echinococcus granulosus, camel origin in experimentally infected dogs.

The development of Echinococcus granulosus of camel subspecies in 35 experimentally infected dogs was studied at 3, 7, 10, 13, 18, 23, 35 and 56 days post-infection (d.p.i.). The morphological characteristics of each developmental stage is studied and discussed. Morphological characters included number, total length, shape, arrangement of rosteller hooks and blade length to total length percentage (B1/T1%). In addition, total worm length, scolex, suckers, rostellum, neck and segments were measured and described. Other useful characters are considered to be the position of common genital pore, number and distribution of testes, uterus, shape of ovary and vitelline glands. Generally, the results indicated that the segmentation first appears at 18 d.p.i. Moreover, male and female genitalia could be detected at the same period. However, completely developed genitalia appeared at 56 d.p.i. Histological examination of the small intestine of experimentally infected dogs revealed that the parasites were found in distended and thin wall crypts of Liberkuhn at the periods of 3.7 and 10 d.p.i, while the parasite scoleces were found embeded in the mucosa at the periods of 13, 18 and 23 d.p.i. No significant pathological changes were encountered in both infected and control dogs. The data presented here are the first report of strobilar development of E. granulosus of camel origin in experimentally infected dogs.     

青海湖区普氏原羚与鸟类种群监测

通过在青海湖的蛋岛、鸬鹚岛、海心山、三块石、布哈河口等鸟类栖息地的鸟类种群数量监测，甘子河乡、沙岛东、克土、小泊湖、湖东种羊场、倒淌河镇元者、青海湖农场、哈尔盖乡、快尔玛乡、生格乡等地进行普氏原羚种群数量监测。目前，普氏原羚种群数量为702—845只。11月份种群数量比8月份增加22只，仅增长4．21个百分点；5个鸟类...     

河套灌区小麦后复种燕麦草生产性能与营养品质效应研究

为研究小麦后复种燕麦草（Avena sativa L.）的品种适应性、生长特性、产量与营养价值,引进适合秋季种植的8个燕麦草品种（青引1号、青引2号、青燕1号、加燕2号、林纳、青海甜燕、胜利者、天鹅）,通过对各燕麦草品种的农艺性状特征、分蘖数、平均旗叶宽、平均旗叶长、茎直径、株高、茎叶比、生物产量与主要营养价值分析研究,得出以下结果：相同品种生育期46 d霜冻前的CP含量高于生育期76 d,NDF、ADF、可溶性糖含量与鲜、干草产量均低于76 d;霜冻后30 d的生长速度与高度结果表明适合小麦后种植的秋性耐冷品种为青引2号、加燕2号和林纳;茎叶比与CP含量呈负相关,与NDF、ADF、可溶性糖呈正相关。单位面积生物产量（除天鹅）与CP、NDF、ADF、可溶性糖总产量呈正相关。从8个燕麦草品种中选出分蘖数适中、植株高、叶片长而宽、茎叶比低、干草总产量高和总营养价值高的品种为青引2号、加燕2号与林纳。     

多花黑麦草在生长肉兔上的营养价值评定

本试验旨在评定初花期多花黑麦草在生长肉兔上的营养价值。试验选取60日龄平均体重(2.20±0.32)kg的健康新西兰兔24只,随机分为2组,每组12个重复,每个重复1只。试验饲粮采用套算法进行配制,多花黑麦草的替代比例为20%;试验采用全收粪法进行消化试验,预试期和正试期各7 d。结果表明:1)多花黑麦草中总能、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙、总磷和无氮浸出物含量分别为16.78 MJ/kg、92.24%、10.20%、1.64%、26.09%、51.80%、31.35%、7.72%、0.66%、0.28%和46.59%;2)多花黑麦草在生长肉兔中的表观消化能为7.21 MJ/kg,生长肉兔对多花黑麦草中总能、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙、总磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率分别为33.45%、48.36%、44.18%、84.45%、25.91%、22.73%、22.25%、26.10%、62.87%、13.94%和61.42%。由结果可知:初花期多花黑麦草中粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量相对较高,总磷含量相对较低;生长肉兔对初花期多花黑麦草中不同营养成分的消化率存在一定差异,其中以粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、无氮浸出物的表观消化率较高,总磷的表观消化率较低。