成功案例介绍:肉鸡禽流感与肾传支混合感染的诊治

<正>1发病情况山东省莱西市何某饲养的3600只18日龄的肉鸡突然发病,初期只是零星死亡,21日龄时死亡数量突然上升到每天30多只。2临床症状18日龄时,个别鸡只出现呼吸道症状,3天后呼吸道症状遍及全     

雏鸡曲霉菌病的诊治

20 0 2年 8月阿克苏某养鸡专业户饲养肉杂鸡 2 50 0只 ,7日龄时鸡群出现呼吸困难、食欲减退、下痢等症状 ,采用对症治疗后效果不明显 ,1 0日龄时雏鸡大量死亡 ,遂来我处就诊。1　发病情况此专业户采取地面平养的养鸡方式 ,在地面铺垫 2 0ｃｍ厚的锯末 ,鸡舍内比较潮湿。鸡群 6日龄前生长正常 ,7日龄时部分鸡表现呼吸道症状 ,立即采用红霉素、喉炎一次净等药物治疗 ,但病情继续加重 ,1 0日龄开始死亡大量增加 ,每日死亡最多可达 1 0 0余只 ,至 2 0日龄共死亡 70 0余只。2　临床症状病雏精神不振 ,食欲减退、饮欲增加 ,主要表现为呼吸困难 ,张…     

新城疫与传染性法氏囊混合感染的诊治

一、发病情况 2005年8月22日，黑龙江省肇源县养殖户刘某饲养从鸡3200只，35日龄．据养殖户刘某反映，从28日龄进行第二次法氏囊免疫后发现鸡群陆续出现精神不振，缩头、甩头、甩鼻等症状，采食量略有下降。个别鸡出现明显呼吸症状．当地兽医按照支原体进行防治，用强力霉素饮水．病情不见好转，且伴有拉稀，33日龄时病情严重的鸡只出现死亡，到35日龄时共死亡57只。遂请笔者前去就诊，经过综合治疗，只有病情特严重的7只病鸡死亡，其余全部康复。     

肉鸡感冒与肾传支混感的诊治

<正>1发病情况黄骅市董某饲养的三栋14900只肉鸡9日龄时突然发病,初期只是零星死亡,12日龄时死亡数量突然上升到每栋每天40多只。2临床症状9日龄时,个别鸡只出现呼吸道症状,3天后呼吸道症状遍及全群,病鸡呈现精神高度萎靡,伸脖呼吸、咳嗽,有怪叫,流鼻涕,畏寒、扎堆,食欲减退,饮水量增加,嗜睡,严重水泻,死亡率成倍增加。病死鸡严重脱水、干瘪。3临床症状初期肾肿,发白,第二天肾肿严重,出现     

肉鸡鼻气管鸟杆菌病的诊治

<正>1发病情况乐亭县一养殖户饲养2850只肉鸡,14日龄时免疫传染性法氏囊疫苗,15日龄时鸡出现呼吸道症状,表现甩鼻、咳嗽,养殖户凭经验使用了抗病毒药物和红霉素药物,治疗3天,不但效果不理想,且出现鸡零星死亡。21日龄又接种了3倍量新城疫Ⅳ疫苗,鸡只死亡数量明显增多,最近两天每天死亡15~18只,邀笔者诊治。2临床症状鸡群采食量下降,饮水量基本正常,大群有呼吸道症状,表现甩鼻、流     

一例肉鸡早期感染新城疫的防控措施

<正>青县养殖户韩某饲养的7700只肉鸡出现瘫痪、头颈震颤,不愿走动或跛行等临床症状,发病急,日死亡率为0.6%~1%。经过发病情况调查、临床观察、剖检症状和实验室检查,诊断为鸡早期新城疫感染。1发病情况雏鸡3日龄时出现甩鼻、咳嗽的症状,当晚使用佐康+多西环素治疗,饲料中添加维生素,3天后明显好转,但约1/5的鸡有呼吸道症状。13日龄时死亡数量急剧增加,约死亡72只。     

雏鸡维生素B_2缺乏症的诊治

我中心一下属鸡场1995年1月从外地购入海兰白雏鸡1208只,采用立体四层笼育雏。1～3日龄用碎米拌脱脂奶粉喂饲,3日后改用自配混合饲料。23日龄开始出现以趾爪蜷曲、瘫痪为典型症状的病鸡。根据症状及剖检变化,诊断为维生素B_2缺乏症。 发病情况:据饲养人员介绍,雏鸡在16、17日龄时即呈现出羽毛蓬乱、发黄、体重减轻等症状。至23日龄开始出现2只蜷爪瘫鸡,以后两天相继出现类似症状的病鸡80余只,死亡3只。多数鸡有不同程度的症状。     

鸡得了法氏囊炎 又招来了大肠杆菌病

<正>河北省河间市某养殖户进了3000只罗曼褐蛋鸡。7日龄时用新支H120二联油苗肌注,10日龄进行法氏囊免疫,22日龄进行法氏囊二免,24日龄时开始出现病情,鸡只出现甩鼻、咳嗽症状,25日龄时发现鸡只采食减少并开始死亡。1临床症状病鸡精神不振,羽毛蓬乱,闭目缩颈,畏寒怕冷不愿活动,鸡冠发白,采食量下降,饮水量增加,体重减轻,腹部膨胀,拉黄白色或清水样稀粪,肛门周围被粪便粘附,一般3～5天死亡。     

雏鸡缺乏维生素E引起脑软化症的诊治

2003年10月,舟山市普陀区某专业户从外地引进北京艾维茵商品鸡苗2500羽,采用室内保温育雏,苗鸡生长良好.30日龄时转群至育成室饲养;育雏成活率99.18%,至35日龄发现有少数鸡呈现歪脖症状,挑出隔离饲养,40日龄时出现大批歪脖症状,并伴有死亡.     

大肠杆菌病及混合感染——鸡得了法氏囊炎 又招来了大肠杆菌病

河北省河间市某养殖户进了3000只罗曼褐蛋鸡。7日龄时用新支H120二联油苗肌注,10日龄进行法氏囊免疫,22日龄进行法氏囊二免,24日龄时开始出现病情,鸡只出现甩鼻、咳嗽症状,25日龄时发现鸡只采食减少并开始死亡。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …