提高肉牛人工授精配种受胎率的技术要点

人工授精技术的广泛应用对于促进肉牛养殖业健康、高效、可持续的发展有着重要的意义,但是在实际的养殖生产中,人工授精技术的优势并没有充分的发挥,还存在着母牛配种受胎率低的问题,这主要是由于操作不当等原因造成的,会严重影响肉牛养殖业的发展,因此,要掌握人工授精的关键性技术,提高配种受胎率。现介绍提高肉牛人工授精配种受胎率的关键性技术要点。     

提升奶山羊人工授精受胎率的技术要点

奶山羊人工授精技术加速了奶山羊改良工作,能有效提升受胎率,减少疾病发生率,节省生产成本,提升养殖效益。近两年,随着奶山羊品种改良工作的迅速开展,奶山羊鲜精人工授精技术在千阳县得到普及和推广。就如何提升奶山羊鲜精人工授精受胎率技术浅述如下,供同仁和养殖户参考。     

浅谈影响羊冻精人工授精受胎率的因素

近年来,为提高养羊业发展水平,河南省大力推广羊人工授精技术,为全省养羊业的发展带来了春天,但是由于鲜精的保存与运输等条件限制,仍然存在着良种羊利用率不高、经济效益不显著的问题。为此,大力推广羊的冷冻精液人工授精技术,加快建立良种羊生产繁育体系,对全省养羊业的健康发展具有重要意义。为总结经验,汲取教训,本文就影响羊冷冻精液人工授精受胎率的因素进行了简单总结。     

绵羊人工授精受胎率低的原因及提高措施

在绵羊繁育工作中,人工授精技术的应用已十分常见,且效果显著,但仍然存在受胎率低的问题,制约着羊产业的高质量发展。本文结合当前绵羊人工授精的相关成果,分析了绵羊人工授精受胎率低的原因,并提出了全面鉴定母羊发情情况、科学处理精液、确保输精程序规范、应用绵羊常温人工授精技术等建议,旨在为提高绵羊受胎率提供参考。     

浅析影响猪人工授精技术效果的原因

猪人工授精技术的推广应用,对提高发情期受胎率高、产仔数多、减少母猪生殖道疾病少等,具有特别重要的意义。但是有的猪人工授精站、猪场母猪发情期受胎率和产仔数均     

奶牛人工授精操作技术的改进与效果研究

在我国奶牛品种改良与培育过程中,人工授精技术得到广泛应用,是推动奶牛养殖业发展的重要技术。一般而言,若饲养管理条件优越,奶牛情期受胎率高达50%以上,年总受胎率最高可达95%以上。然而,人工授精操作不当是导致奶牛受胎率低的关键因素,甚至诱发疾病。     

人工授精肉牛受胎率的影响因素及提升方法

与肉牛自然交配相比,人工授精技术的应用有利于提升种公牛利用率,并能有效降低母牛繁殖障碍性疾病的发生率,养殖场也无需养殖大量种公牛,可有效节约养殖成本,同时也可改良肉牛品种,提升育种效率,可有效推动肉牛养殖业的现代化、高效化发展。为确保科学应用人工授精技术,提升母牛的受胎率,本文分析了影响肉牛人工授精受胎率的主要因素,针对性提出了肉牛人工授精受胎率的提升方法,供参考。     

关中奶山羊细管冷冻精液制作与受孕试验

本试验研究了关中奶山羊细管冷冻精液的冷冻稀释液配方的筛选,并采用同期发情技术处理进行细管冷冻精液人工授精试验,结果显示,第3组冷冻稀释液对关中奶山羊精液冷冻效果最佳（P<0.05）;在关中奶山羊细管冷冻精液人工授精试验中,秋季的同期处理发情率90%以上,细管冷冻精液配种受胎率72.2%,均显著影高于春季（P<0.05）。     

影响种猪人工授精受胎率的因素及解决措施

猪人工授精是目前猪场最成熟且常用的技术之一，在提高受胎率、产仔数、品种改良、减少疾病发生、降低养殖成本等方面优势非常明显，但是，在实践中，由于不同养猪场，种猪的个体差异及操作不当等因素，均会对猪人工授精受胎率产生严重影响。就影响猪人工授精受胎率的因素进行系统分析，旨在为人工授精技术的推广应用提供参考。     

奶牛性控冻精低剂量人工授精技术规范

奶牛性别控制繁育技术是继常规人工授精和胚胎移植之后,家畜繁育改良技术的第三次革命.由于性控冻精自身特点,在人工授精操作上与常规冻精输精略有不同,为了提高奶牛性控冻精受胎率和利用效率,节省成本,本规程对奶牛性控冻精低剂量深部人工授精技术环节进行了规范和要求.     

奶牛人工授精受胎率影响因素和提高措施

奶牛人工授精是以人工方法,采用机械手段采集优质种公牛的精液,再经过机械手段将特定处理后的精液输入母牛生殖道的一种生产技术方式。人工授精操作能极大减少种公牛的养殖数量,节约养殖成本,提高优质种公牛的利用效率,加快品种改良进程,促进育种工作的开展。但由于奶牛人工受精是一个侵入性的操作,一旦操作不合理或者各个细节把握不完善,会造成繁殖母牛出现严重的繁殖障碍,降低母牛的受胎率,不利于提高品种改良和扩大养殖效益。该文主要论述奶牛人工受精受胎率的影响因素,提出相应的改进措施。     

奶牛人工授精的优缺点和技术要点

奶牛人工授精技术加速了奶牛品种改良进程,实现了将优秀种公牛精液跨区域、超时限的利用共享,极大地促进了养牛业的发展.以奶牛人工授精应用现状为出发点,介绍了人工授精技术的优点和不足,最后结合自身工作经验,从发情鉴定、适时配种、精液解冻、精液检测、输精、精液保存和妊娠检测等技术要点进行概述,以期更好地促进奶牛人工授精技术的应...     

提高奶水牛人工授精受胎率的技术措施

奶水牛由于其发情期有明显的季节性,发情表现特征没有黄牛明显,且有一部分还处于隐性发情壮态。因此奶水牛的发情鉴定比较困难,适时输精的时机较难于把握。故奶水牛的受胎率偏低。笔者总结多年在基层开展奶水牛人工授精配种的经验,认为提高奶水牛人工授精受胎率的关键技术是:一需要有优质的冷冻精液;二要准确的把握母水牛的适时配种时机;三要有娴熟的人工授精配种技术。     

奶牛和水牛同期发情-定时输精技术研究进展

同期发情-定时输精技术是在经典的定时输精技术基础上的延伸以及改良,目前已在全世界范围内广泛使用,可以有效提高牛的繁殖水平,避免因发情延迟或不发情等带来的经济损失。本文总结了近几年国内外在奶牛和水牛同期发情-定时输精技术中对激素配伍和输精时间等方面的改良研究进展,为奶牛和水牛的繁殖育种及相关研究提供参考。     

规模化奶山羊场智能化精准繁育系统设计与实现

[目的]将物联网、云计算、大数据及人工智能技术相结合,提高规模化奶山羊场智能化精准繁育技术,加速奶山羊的遗传进度和改良效果是智能化畜牧业的发展趋势。[方法]本系统运用C编程技术、Java编程技术、物联网信息化技术及数据融合技术,依据奶山羊个体生理信息、行为信息、个体表型、系谱分析、基因组数据、蛋白组数据及代谢组数据等进行最佳的配对组合,开发了规模化奶山羊场智能化精准繁育系统。[结果]内容包括 Web 服务器端及智能手机客户端,通过设置“智能模式”来实现对羊场环境和繁殖配对的智能化调节。[结论]在无须人工干涉的情况下,就可实现智能控制,从而加速遗传进度和繁育效果,在现代化奶山羊养殖领域必将得到快速推广和应用。     

安格斯肉牛与牦牛杂交及其效果研究

［目的］为了进一步优化牦牛肉品质,有效缩短牦牛养殖周期,提高其受胎率和犊牛成活率。［方法］本研究进行了安格斯肉牛与牦牛杂交试验,,利用安格斯肉牛冷冻精液,对251头经产母牦牛进行了人工授精。［结果］人工授精后,分别于2013年产犊42头,成活率66.67%;2014年产犊51头,成活率95.7%;2015年产犊67头,成活率91.04%。［结论］牦牛膘情较好时期,受胎率可达83.33%,接近于奶牛人工授精的受胎率,达到了青海省牦牛人工授精的较高水平。     

Factors that determine use of breeding services by smallholder dairy farmers in Central Kenya

This study examined the determinants of smallholder dairy farmers’ use of breeding services in Nyandarua and Kiambu districts, Central Kenya. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 140 randomly selected respondents. The breeding services considered were artificial insemination (AI), natural bull service, or a combination of AI and bull services. A multinomial logit econometric model was used fitting AI as the base category. There was a negative relationship between higher levels of education, herd size, and location and the use of bull service. However, education, herd size, and credit were positively related to the combined option. The results indicate that uptake of AI services after the liberalization of the sector is influenced by other factors besides cost-related factors. Factors such as accessibility to breeding services and product markets had influence on the farmer decision to choose among the available breeding services. The effectiveness of the breeding services in terms of successful conception also plays a big role in the choice. A need for concerted efforts to increase farmer’s knowledge base on utilization and effectiveness of available breeding services is imperative. Furthermore, smallholder dairy farming could be made more sustainable and economically viable by implementing initiatives geared towards enhancing access to breeding services that would guarantee access to quality genetic material.     

羊腹腔镜子宫角人工输精技术

采取人工授精技术可极大提高羊的生产性能，增加优秀个体所占比例，加快选育速度；可有效利用具有最优遗传性状的公羊，快捷而有效的增加优秀种羊的推广面与覆盖度；减少种公羊饲养管理费用与死亡率；防止因交配而感染疾病，提高母羊的受胎率。目前，研究人员在新鲜精液的基础上，又开发出了冷冻精液输精，冷冻精液可减少养殖场种公羊的饲养数量，控制养殖场的公母比例，大幅降低养殖成本，提高养殖场的经济效益。作者介绍了阴道输精技术及腹腔镜子宫角输精2种常用输精技术，同时简述了其优缺点；阐述了腹腔镜子宫角输精技术的各项操作流程及操作过程中的注意事项和术后护理等，旨在为腹腔镜子宫角输精技术提供理论依据及在实践过程中提供技术支持。     

Recent Developments in Oestrous Synchronization of Postpartum Dairy Cows with and without Ovarian Disorders

This report reviews the most recent developments in prostaglandin‐based oestrous synchronization programmes for postpartum dairy cows and addresses the efficiency of controlled breeding protocols based on such developments for cows with abnormal ovarian conditions. A double prostaglandin protocol applied 11–14 days apart seems to be capable of bringing most cows to oestrus. Because of varying oestrus onset times, improved conception rates are obtained following artificial insemination (AI) at detected oestrus rather than fixed‐time AI in prostaglandin‐treated cows. The administration of oestradiol or human chorionic gonadotrophin, or both these hormones, after prostaglandin treatment, improves the synchrony of oestrus yet does not enhance the conception rate. Progesterone‐based treatments for oestrous synchronization are considered the most appropriate for non‐cyclic or anoestrous postpartum dairy cows; prostaglandin alone being ineffective because of the absence of a mature corpus luteum in these cows. Improved oestrus synchrony and fertility rate have been reported using short‐term progesterone treatment regimes (7–9 days) with or without oestradiol benzoate combined with the use of a luteolytic agent given 1 day before, or at the time of, progesterone withdrawal. The ovulation synchronization (Ovsynch) protocol, based on the use of gonadotrophin releasing hormone and prostaglandin, was developed to coordinate follicular recruitment, CL regression and the time of ovulation. This protocol allows fixed time insemination and has proved effective in improving reproductive management in postpartum dairy cows. However, timed AI following Ovsynch seems to have no beneficial effects in heifers, because of an inconsistent follicle wave pattern, and in anoestrous cows, given their lack of prostaglandin responsive CL. To date, there are several prostaglandin based, fixed‐time insemination oestrous synchronization protocols for use in early postpartum dairy cows with ovarian disorders such as ovarian cysts and acyclicity.     

PREGNANCY RATES AND NON-RETURN RATES FOLLOWING ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL BREEDING IN DAIRY HERDS

SUMMARY Information routinely supplied during the conduct of a dairy herd health program was analysed to evaluate the performance of artificial breeding in Victoria. A comparison was made between 60 to 90-day non-return rates (supplied by artificial breeding centres) and pregnancy rates (determined by manual pregnancy diagnosis) for first artificial inseminations in 108 herd years in which both items were available in the 1973 and 1974 breeding seasons. The values were 69.3% and 58.2% respectively (P <0.001). Non-return rates and conception rates were found to decline as herd size increased. Pregnancy rates to first artificial and natural services did not differ significantly from each other but pregnancy rates were significantly more variable to natural than artificial service (P < 0.001). The mean pregnancy rate to artificial insemination for all herd years studied was 57.5% and the pregnancy rate to natural service was 58.0%.