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1.
外来词是汉语语言系统的重要组成部分,其译名深受汉民族文化心理的影响。文中拟通过分析汉民族认知心理探究外来词的汉化途径,指出汉民族根据本民族的文化心理,通过音译、音义译以及音义译兼创译等途径对外来词进行了本土化的改造,如此极大提高了外来词的可接受性。  相似文献   

2.
随着当今世界经济科技的快速发展,各国间联系日益密切。改革开放以后,大量的外来词语涌入中国,一方面,汉语根据自身语法结构和说话习惯对其进行改造,另一方面,这些外来词也对汉语的语法习惯产生一定的影响。  相似文献   

3.
十八大提出牢牢把握加强党的执政能力建设、先进性和纯洁性建设这条主线,坚持解放思想、改革创新,坚持党要管党、从严治党,全面加强党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、反腐倡廉建设、制度建设,增强自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高能力"。要做到这一点,首要的也是最为基本的就是要加强党性修养。只有每名党员的党性修养提高了,我们党的各种能力及其先进性、纯洁性才会有根本保证。  相似文献   

4.
于英文 《蜜蜂杂志》2011,31(7):19-19
翻开各种养蜂书刊,怎样饲养双王群技术的文章比比皆是,很有一些你不会养双王群就不会养蜂的意思。我个人认为,会不会饲养双王群与养蜂的全过程没什么联系。例如我们辽西南部山区饲养双王群很少有成功的。我定地养蜂30多年,也曾多次养过双王群,吃过很多这方面的亏。最关键的一点是,我们这里每年6月上中旬严重缺少花粉,而这时又是蜂群发展的高峰阶段,  相似文献   

5.
现代畅销文学作品的汉译对汉语话语系统会产生一定的影响,《达.芬奇密码》就是很好的例子。该小说的译介引发了密码类作品的引进热潮以及我国悬疑小说的创作阅读热潮,形成"文化悬疑"小说,丰富了类型小说样态,有助于提高悬疑小说在汉语文学系统中的地位。  相似文献   

6.
箴言辑录     
正成功者常改变方法而不改变目标,失败者常改变目标而不改变方法。"人生弹指老,霎那芬芳",时间不会因我们还没有发展而停留,世界不会因为我们还没有适应而停止变化,市场更不会为我们保留任何没有抓住的机会,时间,依然会一如往常、白驹过隙。  相似文献   

7.
《农村养殖技术》2008,(14):37-37
企业生命力在于它的创新观念.创新观念既包括创造新的产品,也包括创造新的经营方式. 人的消费不会停留在某一水平上,它会由低向高、由物质向精神不断地发展,因而会不断出现消费"渴望",产生寻求满足的动机.  相似文献   

8.
最近,南京、成都等地因牛奶过剩而出现了将牛奶倒掉的事.我知道,这样的事如发生在资本主义国家(事实上他们也多次发生过),无论是我们的经济学专家还是一般的"革命同志",都会把它叫做"经济危机".即便是小面积、个别地方发生这样的事,我们也不会说人家这是"极端事件",而只说是"发生小面积经济危机";而人家自己呢,对自己会"发生经济危机"也更是从不讳言.  相似文献   

9.
在英语中定语从句的使用范围广、频率高,但多数情况下也是因为定语从句的使用,以使英语的句子变长,因此正确的使用定语从句以及准确的理解和翻译好定语从句就显得非常重要了。当然对于不同类型的定语从句的翻译方式也是不同的,其中特别需要注意的是在英语中定语从句通常需要放在所修饰词之后,而在汉语中这种情况很少,修饰的词一般不会很多、很长,也就是这一特点,我们在作英汉翻译时要注意其翻译技巧上的变化。本文将会从限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和兼有状语职能的定语从句进行翻译技巧上的分析,力求更好的使用和理解定语从句。  相似文献   

10.
随着我国大部分地区生猪、猪肉出现价格波动,山羊、羊肉价格也随之引起较大的上涨波动。它会不会步及生猪后尘?规模养殖会不会代替散养户?会不会造成山羊、羊肉价格暴涨呢?这个问题引起了国务院以及各级政府和媒体的广泛关注后,一时间养殖业成为人们讨论的热门话题。一些学者、专家除对生猪、猪肉价格暴涨原因进行了分析外,对其它牲畜的养殖,  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

13.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
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