HGT KAPs基因家族成员在山羊皮肤中的表达

利用经体外合成、用地高辛标记的阿尔巴斯白绒山羊高甘氨酸/酪氨酸角蛋白关联蛋白(HGTKAPs)基因家族9个成员的cRNA探针,通过原位杂交技术在山羊皮肤组织切片上进行定位,探测HGTKAPs基因家族9个成员在内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊10月份皮肤毛囊中的表达.结果表明:HGTKAPs在兴盛期初级毛囊和次级毛囊的皮质层均有强...     

A general mechanism for network-dosage compensation in gene circuits

Coping with variations in network dosage is crucial for maintaining optimal function in gene networks. We explored how network structure facilitates network-level dosage compensation. By using the yeast galactose network as a model, we combinatorially deleted one of the two copies of its four regulatory genes and found that network activity was robust to the change in network dosage. A mathematical analysis revealed that a two-component genetic circuit with elements of opposite regulatory activity (activator and inhibitor) constitutes a minimal requirement for network-dosage invariance. Specific interaction topologies and a one-to-one interaction stoichiometry between the activating and inhibiting agents were additional essential elements facilitating dosage invariance. This mechanism of network-dosage invariance could represent a general design for gene network structure in cells.     

甘蔗各家族SPS基因表达特性分析

[目的]通过时空表达特性分析,初步推测甘蔗各家族蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)基因在甘蔗蔗糖积累途径中的功能,为研究甘蔗各家族sPs基因的生物学功能奠定基础.[方法]采用荧光定量PCR分析甘蔗4个家族SPS基因在高、中、低糖甘蔗品种未成熟叶片、成熟叶片和茎中的时空表达特性.[结果]在甘蔗伸长期、蔗糖积累前期和蔗糖积累后期,SofSPSDⅢ基因在所有甘蔗品种的未成熟叶片、成熟叶片和茎中均高水平稳定表达,相对表达量在5.3~8.1;SofSPSB基因在成熟叶片中几乎不表达,而以茎中表达量最高.在伸长期,SofSPSC和SofSPSA基因表达较强,相对表达量分别为7.3~14.2和1.5~4.4;在蔗糖积累前期,SofSPSC基因表达稍有降低,但仍处于较高水平,相对表达量达为4.6~8.9,而SofSPSA基因表达加强,相对表达量达3.8~6.9;在蔗糖积累后期,SofSPSC基因在成熟叶片中的表达量比蔗糖积累前期下降4.0~7.2倍,且均比未成熟叶和茎中下降约6.0倍,而SofSPSA基因在不同组织中的表达量比蔗糖积累前期下降1.8~5.7倍.各家族SPS基因在不同糖分甘蔗品种间的表达趋势一致.[结论]甘蔗D家族SPS基因维持甘蔗蔗 糖合成的基本功能,通过调控C、A家族SPS基因的表达来调控蔗糖合成的强度,B家族SPS基因不参与甘蔗源叶中蔗糖合成而参与蔗糖的积累与利用.     

Expression of the familial hypercholesterolemia gene in heterozygotes: mechanism for a dominant disorder in man

Studies in ctltured fibroblasts indicate that the primary genetic abnormality in familial hypercholesterolemia involves a deficiency in a cell surface receptor for low density lipoproteins (LDL). In normal cells, binding of LDL to this receptor regulates cholesterol metabolism by suppressing cholesterol synthesis and increasing LDL degradation. In cells from heterozygotes, a 60 percent reduction in LDL receptors leads to a concentration-dependent defect in regulation, so that attainment of equal rates of cholesterol synthesis and LDL degradation in normal and heterozygous cells requires a two- to threefold higher concentration of LDL in the heterozygote. The identification of this genetic regulatory defect in fibroblasts of heterozygotes makes available an in vitro system for studying the effects of a dominant mutation on gene expression in mammalian cells.     

Expression and properties of two types of protein kinase C: alternative splicing from a single gene

Two complementary DNA's, encoding the complete sequences of 671 and 673 amino acids for subspecies of rat brain protein kinase C, were expressed in COS 7 cells. The complementary DNA sequence analysis predicted that the two enzymes are derived from different ways of splicing and differ from each other only in the short ranges of their carboxyl-terminal regions. Both enzymes showed typical characteristics of protein kinase C that responded to Ca2+, phospholipid, and diacylglycerol. The enzymes showed practically identical physical and kinetic properties and were indistinguishable from one of the several subspecies of protein kinase C that occurs in rat brain but not in untransfected COS 7 cells. Partial analysis of the genomic structure confirmed that these two subspecies of protein kinase C resulted indeed from alternative splicing of a single gene.     

大麦CIPK基因家族鉴定及表达分析

钙调神经磷酸酶B样相互作用蛋白激酶(CIPK)蛋白家族是由Ca2+介导的植物信号通路中的关键蛋白家族,在植物抗逆和生长发育中起关键作用。本研究将生物信息学方法和转录组数据分析相结合,挖掘出大麦31个HvCIPK基因家族成员并将其分为5个亚家族。HvCIPKs基因家族成员具有CIPKs典型的N端激酶结构域和C端NAF调节结构域;蛋白质分子量在40302.27~89926.43KDa之间,为亲水性蛋白;启动子总共包含11种与非生物胁迫、激素调控以及生长发育相关的顺式作用元件;蛋白互作网络预测结果显示,HvCIPKs与Na+、K+转运体、ABA信号通路关键蛋白(SOS1、AKT1和ABL2)存在相互作用关系;转录组数据分析发现HvCIPK1、HvCIPK2、HvCIPK6、HvCIPK9、HvCIPK11受盐碱胁迫的诱导表达。该研究为进一步探索大麦HvCIPKs基因家族功能及调控机制提供理论依据。     

玉米XYLPs基因家族表达模式及其蛋白结构分析

通过生物信息学的方法对玉米木质形成素类阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白(xylogen-like arabinogalactan proteins,XYLPs)基因家族的表达模式和蛋白结构进行了分析。ZmXYLPs基因家族成员在染色体上的分布具有一定的偏好性。基因复制事件不仅在基因家族成员数量的扩张和进化中发挥重要作用,同时还可能引起基因表达部位的扩张。根据ZmXYLPs蛋白结构特点,可将其分为两大类。其中仅ZmXYLP10/13/14蛋白存在N连接的糖修饰位点,其余ZmXYLPs蛋白均为O连接糖修饰位点。结果显示,玉米ZmXYLPs的生物学功能可能与其糖基侧链有关,并且其作用并不局限于维管组织发生过程,可能也参与生殖发育过程。     

MYB基因家族在桃不同育性品种中的表达模式分析

【目的】探究MYB基因家族成员在桃雄性不育中的表达模式,以筛选出与花粉发育相关的桃MYB家族成员。【方法】选择桃可育品种红芙蓉和不育品种沙红,以其红盛花前30,24,18,15 d（依次对应S1、S2、S3、S4时期）的花芽及盛花期花蕾为材料,对花药形态进行观察与比较;对2个桃品种S1~S3时期花芽中差异表达的MYB基因家族成员进行鉴定,并根据其FPKM值绘制热图;利用MEGA6软件,对桃花芽发育过程中差异表达的MYB转录因子和拟南芥、水稻等物种的28条MYB蛋白序列进行多重比对,构建系统进化树;从桃MYB基因家族成员中选择6个（Prupe.3G046900、Prupe.1G551400、Prupe.4G192000、Prupe.1G323400、Prupe.1G273900和Prupe.2G192100）表达趋势可能与育性相关并且与其他物种同源性较高的成员,分析其在不同育性桃品种中的表达特性。【结果】在盛花前18 d（S3时期）时,红芙蓉与沙红花药形态出现差异,红芙蓉花药最终表现为橙红色且较为饱满,而沙红则表现为淡黄色且瘪小。39个MYB基因家族成员在沙红和红芙蓉之间差异表达,其中27个属于R2R3MYB类转录因子;根据FPKM值聚类热图,39个MYB基因家族成员被分为3簇。由系统进化树可知,所有MYB蛋白被分成16簇,其中Prupe.3G046900与AtMYB26、Prupe.3G017100与AtMYB99、Prupe.3G0006300与AtMYB108同源性较高;而Prupe.1G276300与AtMYB25和AtMYB1,Prupe.1G551400、Prupe.1G323400与AtMYB4和AtMYB32分别单独成为1簇。Prupe.3G046900在可育品种各时期花芽中的表达量高于不育品种,Prupe.1G551400、Prupe.1G323400、Prupe.4G192000于花粉败育发生前后在不育品种花芽中的表达量高于可育品种。【结论】推测桃MYB基因家族成员Prupe.3G046900、Prupe.1G551400、Prupe.1G323400、Prupe.4G192000参与桃花粉发育的调控。     

动物溶菌酶基因的研究进展

\t\t\t\t\t目的\t\t\t\t\t溶菌酶是一种由动物产生的抗微生物酶,构成动物体先天免疫系统的一部分,在反刍动物的皱胃中还具有消化功能。迄今,普通牛溶菌酶C基因家族的分子遗传特征已被深入解析,但有关水牛溶菌酶C的研究报道较少。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t方法\t\t\t\t\t采用PCR产物直接测序技术,对槟榔江水牛胃型溶菌酶C基因编码区进行了分段扩增测序、序列组装和开放阅读框的确定,并结合已发表的其他牛科物种同源序列进行了生物信息学分析。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结果\t\t\t\t\t序列分析表明：水牛胃型溶菌酶C基因编码区长444 bp,编码1个由147个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,包含1个N端信号肽和1段由129个氨基酸组成的成熟肽。水牛胃型溶菌酶C成熟肽分子量为14.41 ku,等电点为6.32,含有1个alpha-lactalbumin/lysozyme C保守结构域(19~145AA),不含有跨膜结构域,为亲水蛋白,在胞外发挥生物功能;在三维结构上与普通牛的溶菌酶模板(2z2f.1.A)有99.22%的一致性;在基于氨基酸序列构建的系统树上,水牛与普通牛、瘤牛、野牦牛和野牛聚在一起,且有较高的支持率(88%)。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结论\t\t\t\t\t槟榔江水牛与其他牛科物种的胃型溶菌酶具有相似的功能。\t\t\t\t     

HTLV-I trans-activator protein, tax, is a trans-repressor of the human beta-polymerase gene

Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiological agent for adult T cell leukemia (ATL). The HTLV-I trans-activator protein Tax can activate the expression of its own long terminal repeat (LTR) and many cellular and viral genes. Tax down-regulated the expression of human beta-polymerase (hu beta-pol), a cellular enzyme involved in host cell DNA repair. This finding suggests a possible correlation between HTLV-I infection and host chromosomal damage, which is often seen in ATL cells.     

HTLV x-gene product: requirement for the env methionine initiation codon

The human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV) are replication-competent retroviruses whose genomes contain gag, pol, and env genes as well as a fourth gene, termed x, which is believed to be the transforming gene of HTLV. The product of the x gene is now shown to be encoded by a 2.1-kilobase messenger RNA derived by splicing of at least two introns. By means of S1 nuclease mapping of this RNA and nucleic acid sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone, the complete primary structure of the x-gene product has been determined. It is encoded by sequences containing the env initiation codon and one nucleotide of the next codon spliced to the major open reading frame of the HTLV-I and HTLV-II x gene.     

杧果RAV基因家族的全基因组分析

为了揭示RAV家族基因在杧果中的序列特征及其表达特性,采用生物信息学方法对杧果RAV家族基因进行序列分析,并通过qRT-PCR技术研究杧果胶孢炭疽菌和细菌性黑斑病菌侵染过程中该家族基因的相对表达量.结果表明,从杧果基因组中鉴定出6个RAV基因家族成员,其编码的蛋白质均具有AP2和B3超家族保守域结构,命名为MiRAV1...