Über Erfahrungen mit verschiedenen Leimen beim Fang kleiner Schmetterlingsarten,insbesondere des Kiefernknospentriebwicklers

Zusammenfassung Die Brauchbarkeit dreier verschiedener Leimarten, auf klarer Kunststoffolie aufgetragen, wurde mit Hilfe des Sexualpheromons vonRhyacionia buoliana als Lockmittel untersucht.Getestet wurden: Handelsüblicher Raupenleim, und 2 Kunststoffprodukte der Fa. Wichmann. u. Kühn, Freckenhorst/Westf., LA 25 und A 4 L.Das Produkt LA 25 erzielte hervorragende Fangergebnisse. Es behielt selbst unter verschiedensten Witterungsbedingungen mindestens 7 Tage volle Wirksamkeit. Seine Fängigkeit auch auf andere kleine, fliegende Insekten sollte ü berprüft werden.

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Summary Experiences in catching small lepidopterous species particular the European Pine Shoot Moth with different glues The utility of three different glues applied on transperent foil was examined by use of the sexualpheromon of the European Pine Shoot Moth. Common caterpillar glue and two synthetic products (A 4 L and LA 25 of Wichmann u. Kühn, Freckenhorst, Germany) were used.The product LA 25 achieved excellent results. Even under very different weather conditions it was full effective at least for seven days.The catching effect on other small insects should be examined.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.

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Rhyacionia buoliana, (Lep., Tortricidae).     

Über das Artenspektrum Manna erzeugender Aphiden

Identification of Manna excreting Aphids Up to now the origin of Manna in northern Iraq has not been known distinctly. As producers of the sweet excretions called Manna on oak trees were identified the following species of Aphididae:Aphis fabae Scop.,A. gossypii Glov.,Chromaphis juglandicola Kalt.,Myzocallis castanicola Bak.,Tuberculatus annulata Htg.,T. moerickei Hrl. andThelaxes sp.     

Raupen des MondvogelsPhalera bucephala L. (Lepid., Notodontidae) als Schädlinge an Obstgehölzen

Caterpillars of the buff-tip moth, Phalera bucephala L. (Lepid., Notodontidae) attacking cherry trees Observations were made on caterpillars of P. bucephala attacking cherry trees in 1972 near Schkopau (DDR). Informations are given about the symptoms of damage as well as about the food quantity needed by the pest larvae.     

Eine einfache Methode zur ganzjährigen Laborzucht des Einbindigen TraubenwicklersClysia ambiguella

Summary A simple method for rearing Clysia ambiguella (Lepid., Tortricidae) A method for mass rearing the vine grape tortricid,Clysia ambiguella, in laboratory is described. The moths lay their eggs into folded folies of plastics. The caterpillars are feeded with vine leaves (stored in a freezer). Since spring of 1973 six generations of the pest were reared in succession.      

Über Wirkungen von Dieldrin auf die Neurosekretion und die Ovarien vonGryllus assimilis F. (Orthopt., Gryllidae)

Effects of Dieldrin on the neurosecretory system and the ovarian development of Gryllus assimilis F. (Orth., Gryllidae)A sublethal dose of Dieldrin induced changes in the neurosecretory system ofGryllus asimilis and entailed degeneration of oocytes. A fall in the haemolymphal acid phosphatase was also noted. By this sublethal Dieldrin could induce sterility inG. assimilis.     

Mycological studies on the wood-borerstromatium fulvum vill. (Col., cerambycidae) infestingcasuarina glauca (casuarinaceae) III. Effect of inoculation with the fungal isolates on lignin and extractive content of wood

Wood specimens of Casuarina glauca were inoculated withChaetomium spp. andTrichoderma spp., alone or in combination in the presence or abscence of larvae ofStromatium fulvum. All fungal inoculates caused deterioration to the lignin of the wood specimens. The infestation with larvae alone caused the same. The extractive content decreased to a little extent.

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Zusammenfassung Bäume von Casuarina glauca wurden mitChaetomium spp. undTrichoderma spp. inokuliert, allein oder in Kombination sowie in Abwesenheit oder Gegenwart der Larven vonStromatium fulvum. Alle Pilz-Inokulate verusachten einen Abbau von Lignin in den Bäumen. Denselben Effekt hatte die Tätigkeit vonStromatium-Larven ohne Pilz-Inokulation. Der extraktive Anteil verminderte sich nur wenig.

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With 2 tables     

Beiträge zur Biologie der SchlupfwespePhygadeuon trichops Thomsom (Hym., Ichneumonidae)

Studies on the biology of Phygadeuon trichops Thoms. (Hym., Ichneumonidae.) Studies on the biology ofPhygadeuon trichops Thoms. (Hym., Ichneumonidae). Biological data, which were pointed out with one or several couples of ichneumonids per testcage, are reported such as life-span, reproductive capacity, duration of larval development, sex ratio, rhythm of oviposition, duration of copulation, supra parasitying, number of exit holes in the host pupa and the ratio of the F₁-progeny and real produced eggs. As host pupae for the ichneumonids pupae of the onion fly were used, which can be breeded easily in large scale.     

Experimentelle Bestimmung der Flugdisposition von Kirschenfliegen,Rhagoletis cerasi L (Dipt.: Trypetidae)

Experimental determination of the disposition of Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Dipt., Trypetidae) to fly An apparatus was described which serves for registering the flight frequencies of insects. It consists of a cage with insects hanging under an electronic balance, which registers the flight as reduction of weight. These electric signals of the balance are transformed by an electronic connexion into countable pulse, which are printed.     

Vorratsschädliche Insekten in Marokko

Stored product insect pests of Morocco Over a period of 3 years stored product insects pests were collected from markets, storage places, houses etc., identified, and their economic importance estimated. 48 Lepidoptera and Coleoptera species were detected, 17 of which play an important econmic role. No mites were encountered, probably due to prolonged high temperature in summer.

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1 Beitrag im Rahmen der technisch-wissenschaftlichen Kooperation zwischen Marokko und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.     

Über eine neue Schizogregarinen-Krankheit der Gattung Mattesia Naville (Sporoz., Dischizae) des Zottigen Fichtenborkenkäfers,Dryocoetes autographus Ratz. (Coleopt,Scolytidae)

On a new Schizogregarian disease from Genus Mattesia Nav. of Dryocoetes autographus Ratz (Coleopt., Scolytidae) A new pathogen belonging to GenusMattesia Nav. was found in the Villous Spruce Bark Beetle,Dryocoetes autographus Ratz. near Berchtesgaden (Bavarian Alps) in 1976. Up to this time no species of this Genus has been found in the Order Coleoptera except ofMattesia grandis Mclaughlin, 1965, inAnthonomus grandis Boh. (Col., Curculionidae) and of certain pests of stored products (table 1). In consideration of scarce material the study of this new pathogen has not been completed.

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Durchgeführt mit Unterstützung der Alexander-von-Humboldt-Stiftung     

Ein neuer Obstschädling in Nordost-Iran

A new insect pest of fruit in the northeastern Iran Luperus kiesenwetteri Joannis was first found near Mashahd (northeast Iran) on May 14., 1975. It is the first record from Iran. The beetle was feeding on fruit trees such as pears, apple and cherry resulting in complete defoliation. Some specimens were found feeding on the alfalfa plants around the trees.L. kiesenwetteri is known from South Russia. Caucasus, Sarepta und Astrakhan. This is probably a new pest in Iran.     

Zur Kenntnis der Mikrosporidienarten (Sporozoa,Nosematidae) bei Vorratsschädlingen der Ordnung Coleoptera

On the microsporidian pathogens of Coleoptera living in grain and meal in Yugoslavia In some mills in the Kosova district, Yugoslavia, the species of Nosematidae (Microsporidia) infecting the grain and meal eating larvae of Coleoptera were investigated. A view of all Nosematidae of Coleopterous meal and grain pests found hitherto by the author and by other authors is given. Informations are maded on the different pathogens. Two new species,Nosema albanica n. sp. undPlistophora manningeri n. sp., are described.     

Über das Auftreten der Getreideblattlausarten (Hom., Aphididae) in norddeutschen Weizenanbaugebieten (1974/75)

The ocurrence of the different cereal aphids (Hom., Aphididae) in Northern German wheat growing areas 1974 and 1975 In July, 1974 and 1975,Macrosiphum avenae (F.) was the most common aphid on cereal fields in Northern German wheat growing areas.Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) was less abundant, whileMetopolophium dirhodum (Wlk.) was found very seldom.R. padi infested field edges only in most cases, while this was not true for all fields infested byM. avenae.     

Eine neue Virose beim Schwammspinner,Lymantria dispar L. (Lep., Lymantriidae)

A new virosis in caterpillars of Lymantria dispar L. (Lep., Lymantriidae) Caterpillars ofL. dispar found in the Apennin-mountains near Genua, Italy, showed a new virosis in a low percentage. The pathogen is characterized by the enormous dimensions (max. 20 ) and the cubic form of the polyhedra. It causes a nuclear hypertrophie particularly within the haemocytes,     

Die Peroxidase-Aktivität als Indikator unsichtbarer Immissionsschädigungen

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit weist nachdrücklich darauf hin, daß Luftverunreinigungen eine pflanzliche Reaktion in Form von Stoffwechselveränderungen bewirken können, ohne daß oder lang bevor äuß erlich sichtbare Symptome einer Schädigung an den Assimilationsorganen auftreten. Da derartige Stoffwechselstörungen die pflanzliche Disposition für Insekten, Krankheiten oder klimatische Einflü sse (Dürre etc.) erhöhen können, die Vitalität jedoch herabsetzen können und die Pflanze vorzeitig altern lassen, erscheint es angebracht, sie als unsichtbare Schädigung zu klassieren.Die Peroxidase-Aktivität (P. A.) erwies sich als empfindlicher Indikator einer unsichtbaren Beeinflussung des pflanzlichen Stoffwechsels durch industrielle (z. B. F-haltige Exhalationen) oder verkehrsbedingte Luftverunreinigungen. Die Peroxidase ist als Enzym der Lignifizierung und Entgiftung bekannt und weist auch in alternden Geweben eine erhöhte Aktivität auf.

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Summary The activity of peroxidase as an indicator of invisible injuries of plants caused by air pollution.This paper emphasizes the fact that air pollutants may cause a plant reaction (metabolic changes) without or long before visible symptoms of an injury to foliage appear. Such metabolic changes are classified as invisible (hidden) injury, since they may increase the plant's susceptibility to pests, unfavorable climatic conditions etc., which decreases it's vitality and promotes senescence. Peroxidase activity (P. A.) is a sensitive indicator of such an invisible influence on plant metabolism by e. g. industrial or traffic-caused air pollution. Peroxidase is known as lignifying and detoxifying enzyme showing increased activity also in senescing tissues.

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EAFV, CH-8903 Birmensdorf.     

Über Insektenschäden an Werkstoffen (Eine Literaturübersicht) 2. Schäden an Kunststoffen

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Übersicht der Insektenschäden an Kunststoffen gegeben, über die in 36 Veröffentlichungen berichtet wurde. Die Verursacher der Schäden waren: Coleoptera: 10 Fam.; 26 Arten; Hymenoptera: 3 Fam., 4 Arten; Lepidoptera: 3 Fam., 6 Arten; Diptera; Trichoptera.

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On damages to materials by insects (A bibliography) 2. Synthetic materials

A review is given on insects injurious to synthetic materials, based on 36 publications. There are mentioned: Coleoptera, 10 fam., 26 species; Hymenoptera, 3 fam., 4 species; Lepidoptera, 3 fam., 6 species; Diptera; Trichoptera.

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Mit 2 Abbildungen und 2 Tabellen     

Über die Bienenverträglichkeit verschiedener Indrustrie-Präparate desBacillus thuringiensis

Zusammenfassung Nach Untersuchungen im Labor haben die hier geprüften Industrie-Präparate (Biospor 2802, Biotrol BTB und Thuricide 3O B und 90 T) keine toxische Wirkung auf adulte Bienen, selbst wenn sie im Saccharose-Futtersirup (Konzentration: 10⁷ bzw. 10⁸ Sporen/ml) angeboten wurden. Die D₅₀ der Präparate lag über 100 /Biene/Tag.

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Summary In laboratory trials on adult honey-bees (Apis mellifera. L.) four commercial preparations ofBacillus thuringiensis (Biospor 2802, Biotrol BTB, Thuricide 3O B and 90 T) were tested. When applied perorally in saccharose-juice (concentrations: 10⁷ and 10⁸ spores/ml respectively) they induced no toxic effect. The D₅₀ of the preparations were higher than 100 /bee/day.

     

Über die Einwirkung chemischer Verbindungen auf Gastropoden Mitt. III

Summary It is described a method (crossmethod) for the examination of the toxic and alluring effect of molluscicides and test products.

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Résumé L'examination de l'effet alléchant et toxique des substances et des produits d'essais molluscicides, peut se rendre possible par la methode «croix» descrite cidessous.

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Mitt. I, R. Riemschneider und E. Fröming, Anz. f. Schädlingskunde24, 106. (1951).     

Zur Kenntnis von Hyperodes bonariensis Kuschel (Col., Curculionidae) und seiner Feinde in Argentinien

On the knowledge of Hyperodes bonariensis Kuschel (Col., Curculionidae) and its antagonists in Argentina Studies were made on damage ofHyperodes bonariensis as a pest of pasture plants and on incidence of its parasites and predators. Among its natural enemies,Patasson atomarius (Breth.) (Mymaridae, parasitic on eggs) appeared to be polyphagous, having a good potential rate of increase and substantical ecological tolerance and seemed to be a promising parasite.Sericophanes obscuricornis Popp. (Miridae),Nabis punctipennis Blanch. (Nabidae),Philonthus sp. (Staphylinidae) (predaceous on eggs),Pterostichus aereus (Dej.),Pt. unistriatus (Dej.),Barypus clivinoides Curt.,Cnemalobus gavi Putz.,Metius blandus (Dej.) andM. malachiticus (Dej.) (Carabidae, predaceous on adult weevils) destroyed the host to some extent, but they are not of much importance in regulating the population of this pest.     

Plistophora dixipi sp. n., eine neue Mikrosporidie der StabschreckeBacillus rossi F.

Zusammenfassung Die untersuchte Infektion, die bei der StabschreckeBacillus rossi F., in einer Zucht im Zoologischen Institut in Paris auftrat, erwies sich als eine neue Mikrosporidiose.Die Mikrosporidie gehört zur GattungPlistophora (Nosematidae) (Weiser, 1961) mit mehr als 16 Sporen, und zwar Makrosporen, normalen Sporen und Mikrosporen.Aus der Literatur und Praxis sind bisher noch keine Krankheitserreger der Stabheuschrecke bekannt. Die im Eifollikel vonBacillus rossi gefundene Mikrosporidie wird unter den NamenPlistophora dixipi sp. n. beschrieben.

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Plistophora dixipi sp.n. (Microsporidia) causing a disease in Bacillus rossi F. (Orthopteroidea).A disease in the rod-shaped locust, Bacillus rossi, observed in laboratory in Paris proved to be a microsporidiosis, caused by a new species, Plistophora dixipi sp. n. This Sporozoon is located particularly in the ovarian tissues of the insect. The complicated cycle of P. dixipi is described.

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Entomologisches Institut der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Flemingovo nám. 2. Praha 6 — Dejvice/SSR.