苗圃转让

今年顺义区苗圃绿化、美化苗木达1120多种、1．12亿株。其中油松、白皮松、华山松、雪松、桧柏、侧柏等常绿树13157亩，1650万株，占育苗总面积的23％；连翘、碧桃、榆叶梅、紫叶李、紫蔽、紫荆、月季、玫瑰、黄刺梅、黄杨、女贞等花灌木5468亩，1455万株，占育苗总面积的10％；白腊、元宝枫、栾树、国槐、银杏、合欢、龙爪槐、杜仲、千头椿、金丝柳、各种品种杨等落叶乔木37375亩，8095万株，占育苗总面积的67％。     

大丽花块根繁育和栽培技术

大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav)菊科，大丽花属，多年生草本，原产墨西哥，又名大丽菊、大理花、天竺牡丹、西番莲、地瓜花，具有植株粗壮、花期长、花朵硕大，品种繁多、花色鲜艳、适应性强等特点。是美化公园，布置庭院、花坛、花境以及切花陈设的较好花卉材料。大丽花为世界名花之一，目前世界约有3万多个品种，我国有500余品种。     

木棉嫁接繁育技术

木棉(Gossampinus malabarica)又名攀枝花、红棉、英雄树、烽火树,属木棉科木棉属落叶高大乔木.木棉广泛分布在我国四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东,生长在江河沿岸、山地阳坡及村边道路旁,喜光、耐高温,对土壤要求不苛刻.在四川攀枝花地区木棉树于1月-2月份开花,先花后叶,花色艳丽,有红色、金黄、淡黄色等颜色,树形高大伟岸,是优良的园林绿化树种.木棉树现是攀枝花市市花和广州市市树,在园林绿化中常作行道树、庭荫树、景园树、盆景树等.木棉经嫁接后2 a-3 a开花,嫁接苗可作盆景矮化栽培,观赏价值高.本文介绍了木棉的嫁接育苗技术.     

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this study.The diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw dataset.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw data.The raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE biplot.BLUP results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA method.AMMI analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw data.GGE biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype evaluation.In addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal components.Our study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.     

政府职能在发展绿色生态建筑中的作用

近年来,绿色建筑成为国内乃至国际建筑界、房地产界的一个热点话题,绿色建筑的发展也越来越受到关注,许多国家都开展了绿色建筑的研究和实践,取得了很多的研究成果.尤其在去年经历了一场与"非典"的斗争之后,人类更加深刻地认识到绿色建筑在生活中的重要性,由此也引发了一场关于绿色建筑的革命,将绿色建筑向更深入、更科学的方向推进.     

Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China

Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration.     

环保杀虫装饰涂料

蚊子、苍蝇、螳螂、臭虫、蜘蛛、蚂蚁之类害虫,在家庭、工厂、办公室、医院、学校、酒店等地,随处可见,无处不入.这些昆虫不但给人们的生活带来很多烦恼,更重要的是,他们导致疾病传播,从而严重危害人们的身体健康.所以,根除害虫,改变居住环境,早已成为人们关注的问题.     

减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

海洋药物海藻Fe-SOD

超氧化物歧化酶是一种金属酶类,根据所含金属辅基不同,分为Cu、Zn-SOD,Fe-SOD,Mn-SOD和Ni-SOD四类.其中Cu、Zn-SOD主要存在于真核细胞的细胞浆中,如猪血、鸭血、猪肝等动物血液和内脏器官等组织中;Mn-SOD存在于真核细胞的线粒体、细菌中;Fe-SOD只存在于原核细胞中,如海藻中的螺旋藻、铁钉叶等;Ni-SOD是最近发现只存在于某些极少数原核细菌中.     

Antidiabetic activity of Caesalpinia bonducella seed extracts in rats

The seed extracts of Caesalpinia bonducella were subjected to screening of antidiabetic activity in alloxan induced hyperglycemia. The oral administration of the extracts (300 mg/kg) produced significant antihyperglycemic action as well as it lowered the BUN levels significantly. In the same study the action of the extracts on diabetes induced hyperlipidemia was analyzed where the extracts significantly lowered the elevated cholesterol as well as LDL level. The antihyperglycemic action of the extracts may be due to the blocking of glucose absorption. The drug has the potential to act as antidiabetic as well as antihyperlipidemic.     

森林经营的历史性转变——从砍伐天然林为主到砍伐人工林为主

本文从天然林的主要特点、功能和作用出发,论述了保护天然林资源的重要性,以及从砍伐天然林为主到砍伐人工林为主的这一转变的历和现实的必然性。     

秦皇岛市海滨林场森林资产的评估

为促进海滨林场森林资产的增值和保值 ,以小班为单位 ,根据其树种和所处的龄组 ,分别选用几种方法进行了资产评估 ,经对评估结果的初步分析 ,幼、中、近成过熟林分别选用了重置成本法、林木期望价法和市场价格倒算法的评估结果。以整个林场为单位 ,利用 3种方法分别对林地价值进行了评估 ,最后选用了市价法的评估值作为评估结果     

Eucalypt plantations

This paper reviews the historical development of the use of the eucalypt over 200 years, from its curiosity status in the botanical gardens of Europe to its extensive use as a fuelwood for the wood-burning locomotives of the national railway systems, and then to its more recent use as a major source of biomass for paper pulp, fiberboard, industrial charcoal, and fuelwood. Ecological and biological aspects of the genus Eucalyptus have made it successful as an exotic in industrial monocultures and as a multipurpose tree of benefit to small landholders. Social, policy, and economic aspects of growing Eucalyptus are examined, as are prospects for using the eucalypt in the twenty-first century as an industrial plantation tree and as a component of farming systems in the rural landscape.     

基于岭南州府园林视角的古代惠州西湖延续性特征研究

惠州西湖作为岭南州府园林的典型个例，在跨越千年的演进过程中逐渐沉淀出与时间的显性关系，是历时演进的州府风景。基于岭南州府园林视角，运用历史研究法，引入“层积”概念，以古代惠州西湖为研究对象，归纳其延续性特征的基础为历代州府接续建管与“发现—建设—游赏—传颂”风景营建迭代循环；总结其延续性特征的结果为单要素演变和各要素整体状态叠合的空间层积与跨越时空情景“逝反”的文化层积。     

Past,current and future drivers for the development of decision support systems in forest management

The potential for development in decision support for forest management is set by decision theory, available technology and methods. Demands for decision support are emerging from contemporary challenges and problems of forest management which act as stimuli for the science community. Objectives and approaches in forest management as well as technologies have been changing throughout history. Accordingly, the demand for tools to support planning and decision-making has evolved. In this contribution, the authors review the historic development of decision support systems (DSS) for forest management and discuss past, current and future drivers. Based on evidence from scientific literature, case studies in the frame of the Forest Management Decision Support Systems (FORSYS) action, as well as experiences of the authors some hypotheses about the future of DSS are drawn. It is shown that in the past, the drivers evolving from forest management as well as decision support technologies have influenced the way of how models and methods have been applied as well as how DSS architectures have been designed. It is concluded that in the future, the challenges for DSS development will increase, as the complexity of decision-making processes and the related models will compete with the user demands which ask for simplicity.     

桉树人工林昆虫群落结构及其多样性初步调查

对桉树人工林系统昆虫种类进行调查和鉴定,记录了桉树人工林昆虫种类共有16目63科106种．从群落物种数来看．鞘翅目的物种丰富度最高（20．56％）;从物种的个体数量看,鳞翅目昆虫的数量最多（30．71％）;桉树林昆虫总的群落多样性指数为1．3933,均匀性指数为0．9301,鞘翅目的群落多样性指数（0．2937）和均匀性指数（0．2108）都最大．文中就昆虫群落多样性与稳定性的关系以及如何抑制害虫发生等问题进行了讨论．     

广东省红树林生态系研究展望

广东省是我国红树林分布面积最大和台风多的省区,也是国际候鸟迁徙路线上停歇和越冬的主要站点,在减灾防灾、生物多样性和污染物生态修复等方面有极其重要的研究意义。因此,广东省红树林生态系研究要着重解决广东省现有红树林的生物多样性调查、生态功能评估、生态系统经营、大量红树果实加工利用、沿海困难滩涂与堤岸红树林营造等技术问题,为其红树林生态系恢复与管理及其红树林生态系资源的可持续利用提供技术支撑。     

塑造地域性特色的现代城市景观设计——以贵州金元集团公司金阳办公楼及五星级酒店为例

景观元素的多样性使景观设计在塑造场所特质方面比建筑设计有更大的空间,设计者可以挖掘场所的深层文脉和地域特征,展现景观的特色性。贵州金元集团金阳办公大楼及五星级酒店景观在设计过程中将贵州少数民族服饰图案、竹编艺术等民族、民间艺术以及丰富的自然水景用景观语言表现出来,借以展现当地的深层文脉与地域特征。论文阐述了设计方案中挖掘地域性特色的方法与方式。     

两个栲属树种种间嫁接及影响因素

采用髓心形成层贴接法,对栲属的红锥与白锥2个树种种间及种内进行不同时期嫁接试验。结果表明:此嫁接方法适合2个栲属树种嫁接,本砧嫁接成活率最高达100%,异砧嫁接最高达79%;种间嫁接未见嫁接不亲和现象。在南宁3月是2个栲属树种种间嫁接最佳时期,成活率达79%,接穗生长达7 cm;2月次之,成活率达60%,接穗生长达5 cm。同时,还分析了影响嫁接成活的因素,包括气温、接穗等。