Phytochemical and antimicrobial study of Chukrasia tabularis leaves

Successive petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Chukrasia tabularis leaves were tested for their phytochemical constituents, antibacterial and antifungal activity. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were found to be most effective against most of the tested organisms.     

Evaluation of cytotoxic activities of some medicinal polypore fungi from China

The petrol ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of eight medicinal polypore fungi from China were evaluated for cytotoxic activities using MTT-dye assay. All the petrol ether and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited cytotoxicity against human cervix epitheloid carcinoma cell lines (Hela) and human hepatoma cell lines (SMMC-7721). Cytotoxicity activity was also observed in the methanol extracts of Phellinus conchatus and Pycnoporus sanquineus, but the methanol extracts from Cryptoporus volvatus, Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes hornodermus, Lenzites betulina, Trametes gibbosa and Trametes orientalis showed weak activity when compared with quercetin.     

Antimicrobial activity of Micrechites novoguineensis

The methanol extracts of Micrechites novoguineensis, leaves and stem bark were partitioned (petrol, ethyl acetate, methanol). All obtained fractions showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, while only the leaf ethyl acetate fraction showed activity against moulds.     

Antimicrobial activity of Harpullia ramiflora

The methanol extracts of Harpullia ramiflora, leaves, flowers, stem and root barks were partitioned (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate). In respect to crude extracts, all fractions demonstrated broader spectrum and higher levels of antibacterial activity. The ethyl acetate fraction of the flowers exhibited the highest activity. No activity was shown against the tested moulds.     

Antimicrobial activity of Psychotria microlabastra.

The methanol extracts of leaves, root and stem barks of Psychotria microlabastra showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, that was increased on fractionation (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate), particularly in the ethyl acetate fractions. None of the extractives showed activity against the tested moulds.     

Cytotoxicity and antileishmanial activity of Annona muricata pericarp

Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Annona muricata pericarp were tested in vitro against Leishmania braziliensis and L. panamensis promastigotes, and against cell line U-937. The ethyl acetate extract was more active than the other extracts and even of Glucantime used as reference substance. Its fractionation led to the isolation of three acetogenins--annonacin, annonacin A and annomuricin A.     

Antimicrobial activity of Clematis papuasica and Nauclea obversifolia.

The methanol extracts of Clematis papuasica leaves and stem bark and of Nauclea obversifolia leaves, stem and root barks showed awide spectrum of antibacterial activity which was increased on fractionation (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate), the ethyl acetate fractions being in all cases the most effective. None of the extractives was active against tested moulds.     

Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of Cirsium tenoreanum

The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts of Cirsium tenoreanum, have been evaluated for their phytochemical constituents and antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. Three flavonoids, apigenin, quercetin-3-O-galactoside and kaempferol-3-O-ramnoside, were isolated. The ethyl acetate extract showed a good antiproliferative activity.     

Antimicrobial activity of Terminalia complanata and Flacourtia zippelii

A broad spectrum of antibacterial activity was exhibited by the methanol extracts of leaves, root and stem barks of Terminalia complanata and Flacourtia zippelii and their subsequent fractions (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate). Fractionation enhanced the activity particularly in the ethyl acetate fractions of the stem and root barks of T. complanata. No activity was observed against the moulds.     

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Ruta graveolens

The methanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water-methanol extracts of Ruta graveolens were found to possess antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.     

Antibacterial activity of Picrasma javanica

The methanol extracts of Picrasma javanica, leaves, seeds, stem and root barks were partitioned (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol). All obtained extracts and fractions showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, while none was active against the tested moulds.     

Antibacterial activity of Eupatorium glandulosum leaves

Antibacterial screening of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts of Eupatorium glandulosum leaves exhibited a broad spectrum of inhibitory activity against Gram (+) and Gram (-) pathogenic bacteria.     

A comparative study of Ferula hermonis root extracts and sildenafil on copulatory behaviour of male rats

The effect of 600 mg/kg given by oral route to rats of Ferula hermonis roots extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) was evaluated on sexual behaviour of male rats. Petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts produced a significant decrease in both the mount rate (MR) and the intromission rate (IR), significant prolongation of intromission latency (IL) was observed when these extracts were compared with both controls and sildenafil. Methanolic extract produced a significant increase in MR while no effect has been observed on IR or IL in comparison with control. The effect of water extract was not significantly different from controls for the MR and IR, but there was a significant prolongation in the IL.     

Antimicrobial activity of Calophyllum soulattri

The methanol extracts of leaves, root and stem barks of Calophyllum soulattri were partitioned with petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate. The extracts demonstrated a range of antibacterial activity, improved on fractionation. None were found to be active against the moulds.     

Antinociceptive activity of Wrightia tinctoria bark

The ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Wrightia tinctoria bark showed antinociceptive activity on acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice, their effects being comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid.     

Antibacterial,antifungal activity of Harpullia petiolaris

The methanol extracts of Harpullia petiolaris, leaves, stem and root barks and heartwoods were fractionated into petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol. All fractions exhibited antibacterial activity.     

Antimicrobial activity of Symplocos cochinensis.

The methanol extracts of leaves, root and stem barks of Symplocos cochinchinensis and their fractions obtained by partition (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate) were screened for antimicrobial activity. All the crude extracts and fractions showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, that was enhanced on fractionation. None of them showed activity against the tested moulds.     

Antimicrobial activity of Castanopsis acuminatissima

The methanol extracts of Castanopsis acuminatissima leaves, stem and root barks were partitioned (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate). Though all of the crude methanolic extracts and obtained fractions from them, showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, in most cases the activity was decreased on fractionation. None was active against tested moulds.     

Antimicrobial activity of extracts of Clematis vitalba towards pathogenic yeast and yeast-like microorganisms

A broad activity against pathogenic yeast and yeast-like microorganisms was shown in crude extracts of young shoots of Clematis vitalba. MICs ranging from 1.4 to 12.3 microg/ml were observed. After fractionating with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol, antimycotic activity has been observed only in methanol fractions.     

Antibacterial activities of some mosses including Hylocomium splendens from South Western British Columbia

The antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of ten moss species and fractions prepared from 80% methanol extract of Hylocomium splendens were evaluated by disk diffusion method. Nine moss species showed antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria, in particular H. splendens and its ethyl acetate fractions showed stronger activity. Enhancement of antibacterial activity against Staphylococci by UV-A light irradiation was demonstrated in the extracts of Bartramia pomiformis, Ceratodon purpureus and Neckera douglasii.