高产抗病玉米新杂交种济单7号

济单 7号是河南省济源市农业科学研究所于 1 995年育成 ,2 0 0 1年 4月通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。 (豫审玉 2 0 0 1 0 0 2号 )植物新品种保护公告号ＣＮＡ0 0 0 1 0 3Ｅ。 2 0 0 2年通过东华北区试和生产试验 ,已推荐国审。1　特征特性株高 2 57～ 2 6 8ｃｍ ,穗位高 1 1 0ｃｍ左右 ,果穗为锥型 ,穗长 2 0ｃｍ左右 ,穗粗 5 4～ 5 6ｃｍ ,穗行数 1 6行左右 ,行粒数 4 0粒左右 ,属大穗型品种 ,千粒重3 2 0ｇ ,子粒黄色 ,半马齿型 ,品质较好 ,结实性好 ,无秃尖 ,出籽率为 90 % ,株型紧凑 ,抗倒伏 ,抗大、小斑病和黑粉病 ,夏播生育期…     

大穗型玉米优良杂交种济单94—2

济单 94＿2是河南省济源市农业科学研究所于 1994年育成的 ,2 0 0 1年 4月通过河南省品种委员会审定(豫审玉 2 0 0 10 0 1号 )。现已申报国家植物新品种保护 (公告号ＣＮＡ0 0 0 10 0Ｅ)。1　特征特性株高 2 6 9～ 2 85ｃｍ穗位高 110～ 12 0ｃｍ ,穗长 2 0～ 2 6ｃｍ ,穗粗 5 0～ 5 2ｃｍ ,穗行数为 14～ 16行 ,千粒重 32 0 ｇ ,出籽率为 87% ,黄粒 ,半硬粒型 ,品质较好 ,株型紧凑 ,抗倒伏 ,抗大、小斑病 ,抗青枯病、抗黑粉病 ,生育期为 10 3～ 10 5天 ;春播生育期 132天。2　产量表现1996年参加河南省玉米预备区试 ,较对照种掖单 13号增…     

玉米新品种豫玉31号主要特点及关键栽培技术

豫玉 31号 (漯单 97 1)是河南省漯河市农业科学研究所选育的优质高产、竖叶大穗、多抗广适的中早熟玉米新品种。 2 0 0 0年 9月通过河南省品种审定委员会审定。1　主要特点1.1　株型紧凑、穗大粒多豫玉 31号前期生长势强 ,植株健壮 ,叶片宽大上冲 ,穗上部叶片夹角小 ,穗长 18～ 2 5ｃｍ ,穗粗 4 9～ 5 5ｃｍ ,穗行数 14～ 18行 ,行粒数 40 0粒 ,穗粒数 5 0 0～ 70 0粒 ,单穗粒重可达 0 35～ 0 5 0ｋｇ。1.2　高产稳产据 1997～ 1999年河南省夏玉米区试和生产示范 2 9点次汇总结果 ,豫玉 31号比对照种增产均在 10 %以上 ,且达极显著水平…     

紧凑大穗型玉米杂交种豫玉26

豫玉２６（原名济单９３－３）是河南省济源市农业科学研究所于１９９３年用５３３作母本,２２３作父本组配而成的竖叶大穗型玉米杂交种。１９９８年４月通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定,正式命名为豫玉２６。１特征特性植株高２３０～２４５ｃｍ,穗位高９０ｃｍ,...     

食用型向日葵杂交种辽嗑杂1号

辽嗑杂 1号是辽宁省农业科学院选育的食用型向日葵杂交种。具有高产稳产、商品性好、抗病、抗旱、耐盐碱等优点 ,1 995年 1 1月经辽宁省农作物品种审定委员会审定通过 ,同意推广。1　特征特性辽嗑杂 1号为早熟中秆食用型向日葵杂交种 ,下胚轴淡绿色 ,舌状花杏黄色 ,平均株高 2ｍ左右 ,叶片 33片 ,茎粗 2 .8ｃｍ ,花盘直径 2 0～ 2 6ｃｍ ,千粒重 1 2 9ｇ ,籽仁率 5 8.8% ,籽仁含蛋白31 .2 %。种皮黑白条相间 ,粒长 2 .1～ 2 .3ｃｍ ,商品性好 ,抗叶部斑病 ,耐菌核病 ,空瘪率低。2　产量表现在 1 991年、1 992年产量比较试验中 ,该杂交种产量…     

高产、大穗、抗病玉米新品种——豫玉24

豫玉 2 4 ,原名安玉 8号 ,是由河南省安阳市农科所继安玉 5号之后 ,育成的又一个高产、大穗、抗病、紧凑型玉米杂交种 ,1998年通过河南省品种审定委员会审定 ,定名为“豫玉 2 4”。 2 0 0 0年获国家科技部、农业部品种后补助二等奖。1　产量表现豫玉 2 4经 1992～ 1996年省、市各级试验、示范 ,表现高产、稳产、适应性广、抗逆性强。该品种在 1994年河南省玉米杂交预备区试中 (直播组 ) ,平均单产 76 6 3.5ｋｇ/ｈｍ2 ,较对照种豫玉 12增产2 1.3% ;全省 8个试点全部增产 ,增产幅度在 6 .5 %～ 38.5 %之间 ;1995年河南省夏玉米杂交种区域试验…     

高产、优质、广适小麦新品种--豫麦70号

豫麦70号(内乡1 88)是河南省内乡县农科所以绵阳84- 2 7与内乡82 C6的杂种F1为母本,以豫麦1 7号(内乡1 82 )为父本杂交,经系谱法选育而成的高产、优质、抗病、早熟、广适小麦新品种。2 0 0 0年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定命名,2 0 0 3年通过国家审定。1　特征特性1 .1　植物学特征　该品种幼苗半匍匐,叶色青绿,旗叶上举,株型适中。株高80 cm左右,茎秆粗壮,弹性较好,抗倒伏力强。穗长方形、长芒、护颖白色、无茸毛、椭圆形、斜肩、嘴锐形、脊不明显。穗长1 0 cm左右,每穗结实小穗2 0个左右,不育小穗1～3个,中部小穗结实3～4粒,平均…     

DK656杂交玉米品种特征特性及栽培要点

ＤＫ6 5 6玉米品种是美国孟山都公司迪卡子公司的玉米杂交良种。 1999年博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 (以下称博州 )种子管理站开始引种 ,2 0 0 1年 11月由新疆种子公司报审 ,通过了博州农作物品种审定委员会认定 ,是一个优质、高产、抗病的玉米品种。特征特性 :该品种属中晚熟玉米品种 ,春播全生育期 12 2～ 14 5ｄ。株高 30 0～ 32 0ｃｍ ,叶片数 18～ 2 0片。穗位高 12 5ｃｍ ,穗长 2 1～ 2 5ｃｍ ,穗行数 14～ 16行 ,单穗粒数 5 5 0～ 6 40粒 ,高的可达到 86 0粒以上。千粒重 310ｇ ,出籽率 87%。果穗棒型 ,穗粗 4 5～5 8ｃｍ ,穗轴较细而深红…     

高产、优质、抗病玉米新杂交种——辽单24

辽单 2 4 (原名辽 94 0 1)是辽宁省农科院玉米所1991年冬用自选系“辽 2 345”作母本 ,引入系“丹340”为父本杂交而成。 1998年 3月经辽宁省农作物品种审定委员会审定 ,命名为“辽单 2 4”。1　植物学特性生育期 130ｄ ,属晚熟黄色马齿型种。幼苗叶鞘紫色 ,叶片淡绿色 ,生长势强。成株株高 2 88ｃｍ ,穗位 10 1ｃｍ ,成株叶片数为 2 0～ 2 2。果穗筒型 ,穗长19 6ｃｍ ,穗粗 5 6ｃｍ ,果穗大小均匀 ,子粒平均 18行 ,百粒重 4 0ｇ ,出籽率 86 2 % ,穗轴红色。2　抗逆性表现高抗大、小斑病和丝黑穗病、抗青枯病。经1996年省区试网头组织的抗…     

高产、抗病玉米单交种——陕单9505

西北农林科技大学玉米研究所用两个自选系杂交组配育出高产、抗病、优质黄粒玉米单交种 ,1999年参加陕西省玉米区试 ,2 0 0 1年已通过预审。一　特征特性生育期 :在陕西杨凌春播 12 0ｄ ,夏播 10 5ｄ ,类同于陕单 9号。植株 :株高 2 5 0ｃｍ ,穗位 10 3ｃｍ ,单秆大穗类型 ,株型紧凑。果穗 :穗长 2 3ｃｍ ,结实长 2 2 5ｃｍ ,穗粗 5 7ｃｍ ,穗行 16～ 18,行粒 4 5 ,千粒重 32 0ｇ ,折干率5 9 0 % ,出籽率 87% ,红轴、筒型穗。子粒 :中间偏硬粒 ,胚乳为全硬质。品质 :蛋白质 9 2 % ,赖氨酸 0 37% ,粗脂肪 5 1% ,淀粉 6 9%。抗性 :抗丝黑…     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.