不同保鲜剂对香石竹切花保鲜效果的研究

用5种保鲜剂对香石竹切花进行了处理,测定其瓶插寿命、鲜重变化和花径等综合指标。结果表明:配方为50 g/L蔗糖+150 mg/L柠檬酸+50 mg/L硝酸银的保鲜效果最好。     

不同瓶插液配方对香石竹切花保鲜效果的影响

以香石竹切花为试材,采用不同瓶插液配方对香石竹切花花枝进行处理,通过测定其花径、观赏值、鲜重、水分平衡、弯头现象及瓶插寿命等试验指标,分析不同瓶插液配方对香石竹切花保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:3%蔗糖+150mg/L 8-HQ+50μg/L柠檬酸+50mg/L1-MCP处理保鲜效果最佳。     

硝酸钙对香石竹切花保鲜效果的影响

研究不同浓度的Ca(NO3)2对香石竹保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:瓶插液中含适宜浓度的Ca(NO3)2能够增大切花最大花径、增加花枝鲜重、提高叶绿素、可溶性糖和花色素苷含量并能减缓质膜透性增加的速度。其中以配方为3%蔗糖+300 mg/L 8-HQS+500 mg/L柠檬酸+1.0 g/L Ca(NO3)2的瓶插液保鲜效果较好。     

香石竹切花保鲜方法研究进展

香石竹(Dianthus caryophyllus L.)是四大商品切花之一,对其保鲜技术的研究蕴涵着巨大的经济价值.现从化学方法和生物方法两个方面对近年来香石竹切花保鲜技术的研究成果做了系统的回顾和总结,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望.认为广泛的适用性、可靠的安全性和系统的控制性是未来保鲜技术的三大发展方向.     

无机盐对香石竹切花保鲜生理效应的研究

4种含不同无机盐的保鲜剂均能不同程度地增加切花的鲜重 ,改善体内的水分状况 ,降低游离脯氨酸含量以及过氧化物酶 (POD)活性 ,延长瓶插寿命 ,其中以保鲜剂 1(3%蔗糖 +2 0 0mg·L-18-HQ +2 0 0mg·L-1柠檬酸 +5 0mg·L-1AgNO3 )保鲜效果最好。     

不同保鲜剂对香石竹切花保鲜的影响

本试验以香石竹为材料,用蔗糖、8-羟基喹啉、柠檬酸、氯化钙配制成不同的保鲜剂,从切花瓶插当天开始,测定不同处理条件下香石竹切花的生理指标。结果表明:保鲜剂处理对于增大香石竹切花花径,延长切花瓶插寿命,提高其观赏价值等均具有一定的效果,并且较高的蔗糖浓度对于香石竹切花保鲜更具有显著影响。供试的3个处理及对照保鲜剂中,处理3(2.5%蔗糖+250mg/L8-羟基喹啉+300mg/L柠檬酸+0.01%氯化钙)对于保持切花水分平衡值,维持花枝鲜重,延长香石竹切花的瓶插寿命,提高切花观赏值等均有明显的效果。在此处理下保持20d香石竹切花仍鲜艳可观,花期延长,花径增大,切花观赏值提高。处理1与处理2整体上比较类似,保鲜效果次之;对照最差。     

保鲜剂对香石竹切花的动态保鲜效应研究

以香石竹为供试材料,用3%蔗糖、400mg/L柠檬酸、40mg/L硝酸银按比例配制成保鲜剂,研究该保鲜剂处理下切花花枝的鲜重、切花花径大小的动态变化,并分析保鲜剂对切花瓶插寿命的影响。结果表明:保鲜剂处理后第7d,香石竹切花的保鲜效应开始达到显著水平,表现为切花鲜重与花径均显著高于对照,鲜重较对照组增重46.58%,花径较对照组增大81.15%;直至处理后第10d,保鲜效应持续增大,鲜重和花径较对照组分别增加82.62%和168.84%。持续观察发现,保鲜剂处理下的香石竹切花平均寿命高达25.5d,远远大于对照组。因此,该保鲜剂对切花的保鲜效果十分显著。     

不同处理对香石竹切花的保鲜作用

本试验用50ml/L的1-MCP和300mg/L8-HQS+3%Suger+250mg/LCA处理香石竹切花,实验显示1-MCP能提高香石竹切花的质量,延长瓶插寿命。     

不同保鲜剂对香石竹切花保鲜效应

研究了由蔗糖、KNO3、Vc和柠檬酸组成的不同保鲜剂对香石竹切花的保鲜效果及瓶插寿命的影响.通过对切花在瓶插期间的生理生化变化的研究,结果表明:1.5%蔗糖 0.2%KNO3 0.02%Vc 0.01%柠檬酸能改善花枝的生理状况,延长切花瓶插寿命(17 d(天)),是适合香石竹切花保鲜的最优组合.     

Changes in parameters of cell senescence in carnation flowers after cold storage

The effects of cold storage on vase life, ethylene (C₂H₄) production, and parameters of cell senescence, were measured in flowers of spray carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), cultivar ‘Pink Royalette’. Storage for 6 or 12 days at 2°C led to a reduction in the subsequent vase life at 20°C. In addition, storage caused a reduction in the time between the rise in ethylene production and the end of vase life. That is, cold storage increased the sensitivity of the petal cells to endogenous C₂H₄.Normal aging of flowers for 6 days at 20°C led to decreased capacity of petals to take up [¹⁴C] sucrose, decreased activity of membrane ATPase, increased membrane microviscosity and decreased membrane phospholipid content, relative to the levels in fresh flowers. However, cold storage of flowers for 6 days at 2°C caused opposite changes in the levels of these senescence parameters (measured at constant temperature). It was concluded that cold storage does not simply lead to a slow rate of senescence, but has other effects on cell properties.     

The physiological responses of carnation cut flowers to exogenous nitric oxide

Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive signaling molecule and plays a variety of physiological roles in plants. The research on the application of NO to postharvest preservation of flowers and fruits shows great promise in recent years. However, the physiological mechanism of exogenous NO to affect cut flowers is not very clear. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study the effect of exogenous NO on the vase life and physiological basis of Dianthus caryophyllus L. variety ‘Monte’. In the present study, 0.1 mmol L⁻¹ sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) was used as the NO donor, and 5 μmol L⁻¹ methylene blue (MB-1) was used as its scavenger based on the preliminary experiment. We evaluated the physiological index including increase of stem weight, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and cell protection enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The results showed that exogenous NO could significantly extend the vase life of cut carnation flowers and markedly increase fresh mass. The balance of water metabolism and the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and APX also showed improvement, while the production of MDA content and LOX activity were obviously decreased. The results suggest that exogenous NO could delay petal wilting in carination cut flowers, maintain water metabolism, the antioxidative enzymes activity and mass-eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and as well as cell membrane stability. Moreover, the results indicated that MB-1 had the ability to reverse the active effects of NO on different physiological indexes. Therefore, the vase life of cut carnation flowers was markedly extended by SNP treatment.     

The effect of plant density and day-length on growth and development in the carnation

Carnation plants cultivar ‘White Sim’ were grown in containers arranged to simulate the aerial environment of bed-grown crops. The effects of 2 plant densities (9 plants and 100 plants m^?2) and 2 day-lengths (natural days and continuous light) were recorded on the growth of individual plants. The reduction in yield of flowers per plant at high density was greater than could be accounted for simply by a reduction in light intensity. An interaction between light intensity and intra-plant competition is proposed as an explanation of this effect. Continuous light had little effect on the growth and flowering of 2nd and 3rd generation shoots grown at high density.     

The effect of cutting carnations in the bud stage on quality and yield of flowers from a nursery

The harvesting of carnation buds at early stages of development resulted in an increase of 10–60% (depending upon the growing-period and the cultivar) in the number of newly formed flower buds, even when the carnations were grown during a period of 11 months. A 22-month period of cultivation resulted in a larger increase in the number of buds.Tight buds could be successfully opened with opening-solution to fully developed flowers, without losing their quality when compared with control flowers harvested at the half-bloom stage.     

Influence of ethanol on ethylene biosynthesis and flower senescence of cut carnation

Ethanol in the holding-solution inhibited climacteric ethylene (C₂H₄) biosynthesis and decreased the respiration rate 60% during a 7-day period in cut carnation flowers. Conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to C₂H₄ was inhibited by adding ethanol to the holding-solution. Simultaneously, ACC-induced senescence in carnation flowers was inhibited by ethanol. Ethanol was the most effective alcohol in delaying carnation flower senescence of the tested series methanol, ethanol, propanol, tert-butanol and n-butanol. Ovary development was also inhibited in carnation flowers by ethanol. The senescence of Easter lily flowers (Lilium longiflorum) and tulip flowers (Tulipa gesneriana) was not delayed by ethanol.     

The effect of preservatives on water balance in cut clematis flowers

A positive water balance is crucial for longevity of cut shoots. When water loss by transpiration exceeds water uptake by cut flowers, wilting symptoms appear. Clematis is a very attractive plant which can be used as a cut flower provided that suitable cultivars are chosen. The vase life of four cultivars tested ranged between 6.7 days and 9.0 days and the standard preservative – 200 mg·dm^?3 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (8HQC) plus 2% sucrose – prolonged it significantly in two cultivars, while 8HQC alone was efficient in only one. The preservatives delayed reduction in fresh weight. An enhancement of water uptake by the preservatives resulted in prolonged vase life of flowers in two cultivars. However, the effect of preservatives on transpiration was not related to longevity. In addition, longevity did not depend on the xylem vessel size: the cultivar with the longest vase life had the lowest average xylem vessel diameter while the cultivar with the largest vessels had an intermediate vase life. Preservatives did not always affect the number of blockages in xylem appearing during vase life. Generally, the effects of preservatives on the elements of water balance in cut shoots of clematis were not directly related to the postharvest longevity.     

The effect of micro-organisms on susceptibility to freezing-damage in petals of cut rose flowers

The susceptibility of cut rose flowers to freezing-damage at sub-zero temperatures was examined. A correlation was found between visible freezing-damage and electrolytic conductance of petal leachate; electrolytic conductance was therefore used to evaluate the extent of freezing-damage.Inoculation of flowers with microbial suspension rendered them more susceptible to freezing-damage. The antibiotic streptomycin reduced the susceptibility to freezing-damage of flowers inoculated with micro-organisms, but did not affect the susceptibility of freshly-cut, untreated flowers.The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to temperature management during storage of cut flowers. It is suggested that freezing-damage is influenced by the presence of bacteria which proliferate during later phases of flower development and act as ice nuclei in the flower.     

氮素营养对切花月季产量的影响研究

研究不同氮素营养水平对切花月季产量的影响,结果表明,氮素对切花月季生产有显著影响。月施氮量为140mg/株时,‘Black Beauty’获得最高产量,其单株年产量达22.20枝,年产量可达320～344枝/m2。氮素水平过高或过低,均严重影响月季生产。适宜的氮肥水平可促进月季侧芽与水枝的萌发与成花,使得养分吸收与光合作用增强,从而促进月季的生长发育,提高产量。     

Effects of chilling on the formation of secondary growing-centres in flowers of the glasshouse carnation

The incidence of secondary growing-centres within the flowers of carnation was increased when plants were chilled at 5°C for 1–3 weeks during flower development. Application of GA₃ to shoots in the early stages of flower formation also caused an increase in the number of secondary growing-centres formed. Shoot tips excised from plants that had been chilled yielded greater amounts of diffusible gibberellin-like substances than shoot tips excised from plants that had been grown at normal glasshouse temperatures. It is suggested that endogenous gibberellins have a role in controlling the formation of secondary growing-centres within the flower.     

不同蔗糖浓度对菊花切花保鲜的影响

对不同糖浓度的保鲜液影响菊花切花在保鲜期间的瓶插鲜重、花径、水分平衡值等方面进行研究。结果表明,不同的蔗糖浓度对菊花切花的瓶插鲜重、花径、水分平衡值的影响都有着显著的差异：4％的蔗糖浓度有利于延长切花的瓶插寿命,并能增大花朵直径以及提高切花观赏品质。主要从不同蔗糖浓度影响下的切花鲜重变化、花径、水分平衡值及过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性4个方面进行比较,筛选出瓶插液的适宜蔗糖浓度为4％。