蜂胶对NDV的来活作用效果观察

本文通过鸡胚接种的方法就蜂胶乙醇浸出物对NDV的灭活作用进行了试验观察，结果表明常温下3min，1mg/ml的47.5%乙醇烯释液对ND克隆－30具有灭活作用。含蜂胶乙醇出物0.1mg/ml的95％乙醇稀释液，含蜂胶乙醇出物10mg/ml的47．5％乙醇稀释,含峰胶乙醇浸出物10mg/ml的生理盐水稀释液，37℃3min，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物0.1mg/ml的95％乙醇稀释液，含蜂胶乙醇出物0.1mg/ml的47．5％乙醇稀释液，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物10mg/ml的生理盐水稀释液均对ND克隆－30具有完全灭活作用。     

蜂胶对NDV的灭活作用效果观察

本文通过鸡胚接种的方法就蜂胶乙醇浸出物对NDV的灭活作用进行了试验观察，结果表明常温下3min，1mg／ml的47．5％乙醇稀释液对ND克隆-30具有灭活作用。含蜂胶乙醇浸出物0．1mg／ml的95％乙醇稀释液、含蜂胶乙醇浸出物10mg／ml的47．5％乙醇稀释液、含蜂胶乙醇浸出物10mg／ml的生理盐水稀释液；37℃3min，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物0．1mg／ml的95％乙醇稀释液、含蜂胶乙醇浸出物0．1mg／ml的47．5％乙醇稀释液、含蜂胶乙醇浸出物10mg／ml的生理盐水稀释液均对ND克隆-30具有完全灭活作用。     

蜂胶提取物对禽流感H9亚型Shandong/chicken/98株的灭活作用效果研究

本文通过鸡胚接种的方法就蜂胶乙醇浸出物对禽流感H9亚型Shandong／chicken／98株的灭活作用进行了研究。结果表明，常温下3分钟、30分钟，37℃3分钟、30分钟，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物0．1mg/mL的95％乙醇稀释液，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物2．5mg／mL的47．5％乙醇稀释液。含蜂胶乙醇浸出物10mg/mL的生理盐水稀释液，接种鸡胚后病毒HA测定为0。这充分说明以上浓度蜂胶乙醇浸出物对禽流感H9亚型Shandong／chicken／98株具有完全的灭活作用。37℃3分钟、30分钟，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物0．1mg／mL的47．5％乙醇稀释液，含蜂胶乙醇浸出物6．25mg/mL的生理盐水稀释液对禽流感H9株有部分灭活作用。     

蜂胶对鸡副嗜血杆菌的抑菌效果试验

蜂胶是一种具有广谱生物学活性的天然物质,具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、消炎、增强机体免疫功能和促进组织再生等作用,本文就其对鸡副嗜血杆菌的抑菌作用进行了试验.结果表明,终浓度为1mg/ml-5mg/ml的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对试验菌株具有完全抑制作用,终浓度为0.5mg/ml和0.1mg/ml的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对试验菌株具有部分抑制作用,终浓度为0.01mg/ml的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对试验菌株没有抑制作用.     

蜂胶对禽源巴氏杆菌与大肠杆菌的抑菌试验

蜂胶是一种具有广谱生物学活性的天然物质，本文就蜂胶对禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌与大肠杆菌的抑制作用进行了试验观察，结果表明0.05%-5%(g/ml）的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对多杀性巴氏杆菌具有完全抑杀作用，0.1%-5%(g/ml）的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对大肠杆菌具有安全抑杀作用；0.01％（g/ml）的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对多杀性巴氏杆菌和大杆菌具有部分抑制作用。     

蜂胶对禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌与大肠杆菌的抑菌试验

蜂胶是一种具有广谱生物学活性的天然物质,本文就蜂胶对禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌与大肠杆菌的抑菌作用进行了试验观察,结果表明0．05％－5％（g/ml)的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对多杀性巴氏杆菌具有完全抑杀作用,0．1％－5％(g/ml)的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对大肠杆菌具有完全抑杀作用;0．01％（g/ml)的蜂胶乙醇浸出物对多杀性巴氏杆菌和大肠杆菌具有部分抑制作用。     

禽霍乱蜂胶菌苗的研究 Ⅰ.制苗工艺、安全性与免疫原性试验

禽霍乱蜂胶菌苗是以禽巴氏杆菌C_(48-1)(A:5)株加蜂胶乙醇浸液为佐剂制备的灭活菌苗。每ml菌苗含菌量为100亿,蜂胶干物质15mg。禽霍乱蜂胶菌苗对鸡具有良好的安全性与免疫原性,每只鸡接种1ml,7天即产生坚强免疫力,近期像护率(7～25天)为100％(35/35)。     

蜂胶治病疗疾验方

正一、治胃溃疡用20%蜂胶乙醇浸出液10ml,加温水稀释至100ml,于餐前15分钟服用,每日3次,2周为1个疗程。二、治口腔溃疡用消毒棉签蘸30%蜂胶乙醇浸液直接涂擦溃疡面,或将蘸药的棉签压患处2分钟。每日用药2次,直至痊愈。三、治口腔黏膜白斑取蜂胶提纯后制成50%蜂胶复合药膜。用时将药膜剪成与白斑等     

复合蜂胶乳剂抑菌试验研究

通过对吐温-40蜂胶乳剂、吐温-60蜂胶乳剂、复合蜂胶乳剂和含蜂胶乙醇溶液稀释液对金色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌进行抑菌试验,得到这四种蜂胶液稀释度小于等于4倍时抑菌效果均良好;稀释至8倍时,乙醇液抑菌效果也很显著,吐温-40蜂胶乳剂、吐温-60蜂胶乳剂、复合蜂胶乳剂抑茵效果不显著;比较四种乳剂抑菌效果比较可得：蜂胶乙醇液〉复合蜂胶乳剂〉吐温-60蜂胶乳剂〉吐温-40蜂胶乳剂。     

奶牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌TH-16S 733330株荚膜多糖免疫原性研究

从新疆分离的奶牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌,经TH-16S系统鉴定,选取鉴定结果为733330的优势生化株。毒力测定试验表明,1×108CFU/只的接种量会使小白鼠在24 h内死亡。菌株接种Columbia Broth Modified 37℃摇床100 r/m in培养24 h后,用0.05%戊二醛灭活。灭活培养物经4℃30 m in 17 000 g离心去除细胞碎片,上清用PBS(pH 7.2)4℃透析48 h,PEG20000浓缩10倍,透析,加入终浓度为10 mg/mL的蜂胶-乙醇浸液,作为荚膜多糖免疫原。先分别用荚膜多糖免疫原0.1、0.2、0.4 mL免疫小白鼠,再用组合免疫原(荚膜多糖+109CFU/mL菌体)0.1、0.2、0.4 mL免疫小白鼠。6组小鼠于免疫后14 d连同对照小鼠2组攻击金黄色葡萄球菌2×108CFU/(0.2 mL.只)。结果表明,荚膜多糖免疫原组保护率分别为0、25%和50%,(荚膜多糖+菌体)组保护率分别为25%、75%和100%。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Comparison of four techniques of arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of the horse

Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留量的不确定度评定

根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。     

重构胚移植用受体山羊同期发情处理效果比较

分别用CIDR（孕酮阴道栓）＋PMSG（处理1）和CIDR＋PMSG＋LH（处理2）两种处理方法对山羊进行同期发情处理。结果发现,两种处理均以撤栓后第1d发情率最高。撒栓后0-24h和24h-48h的发情率,处理1和处理2（61．4％,13．6％和48％,20％）之间差异不显著;撤栓后48h-72h的发情率,处理1（4．59,6）显著低于处理2（24％）（P〈0．05）;撤栓后0～72h发情率,两种处理（79．5％,92％）无显著差异（P〉0．05）。从手术时对卵巢的观察可以看出,有大卵泡或排卵的发情羊,处理1为91．2％,处理2为100％,二者无显著差异;排卵的发情羊,处理1为（58．8％）显著低于处理2为（91．2％）（P〈0．05）。