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ABSTRACTWe investigated the quality characteristics of cookies prepared using different seaweeds native to the Korean coast. Flour made from four different seaweed species (Sargassum fulvellum, Enteromorpha linza, Codium fragile, and Hizikia fusiforme) was used to replace 5% of the regular flour while preparing the cookies. The seaweeds significantly affected solvent retention capacity, thus interfering with gluten network formation. Consequently, the addition of seaweed changed several variables in the cookies, such as moisture content, spread factor, and breaking stress. In sensory evaluation, cookies with Hizikia fusiforme were the most preferred, confirming the possibility of developing cookie products using this seaweed species. 相似文献
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Peter Howgate 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):516-532
It is well-established in fish technology that freshness should be measured primarily by sensory procedures, though considerable effort has been expended in looking for nonsensory alternatives. A variety of methods for sensory evaluation of freshness has been described and this historical review traces developments of these methods. Much of the source material derives from the research literature such as research journals and reports of research, and the use of sensory methods in commercial quality control has scarcely been documented. There is a brief discussion of possible future developments in sensory evaluation of freshness. 相似文献
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不同养殖模式的凡纳滨对虾品质的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
仪器分析法(营养成份分析和质构分析)与感官评价法有机结合,以对虾口感为主要考核指标,建立对虾品质鉴定体系,并以此法对无公害海水养殖、传统海水养殖及传统淡水养殖对虾3种不同养殖模式下生产的对虾品质进行比较.结果表明:3种对虾的机体营养成分组成差异不大,只有无公害虾肌苷酸含量明显高于其余两组,达2.76 mg·g-1.氨基酸分析中表明:无公害海水养殖对虾的必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸及氨基酸总量等指标优于其余样品;无公害虾的感官指标基本上与海水虾相似,3种虾的色泽和气味指标差异不明显(P>0.05),无公害虾的滋味及口感均比其它两组对照好;多汁性指标则以淡水虾最佳.在质构分析方面,3种虾硬度指标差异显著(P<0.05),无公害虾与海水虾在肌肉的弹性及咀嚼性无显著性差异(P>0.05),与淡水虾差异显著(P<0.05),其结果与感官评价基本一致.本文全面比较3种对虾品质上差异,揭示对虾口感差异内在因素,为对虾品质评价提供了方法和手段. 相似文献
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The use of corona discharge plasma jet (CDPJ) for the improvement of hygienic quality of Gwamegi was investigated. Microbial contaminants, namely aerobic, marine bacteria, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, and molds and yeasts, were detected in Gwamegi samples. The CDPJ generated using 20 kV DC voltage and at 58 kHz frequency was used for the decontamination treatment (1–10 min). The bacterial contaminants and molds and yeasts were inactivated in the range of 1.9–3.3 and 3.2 log CFU/g, respectively. The inactivation pattern fitted well to the pseudo-first-order model. The CDPJ treatment for 10 min did not exert significant changes (p > 0.05) in pH, moisture content, water activity, peroxide value, acid value, and volatile basic nitrogen content of Gwamegi as compared to controls. On the contrary, significant changes (p < 0.05) in color and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels were noted. However, the CDPJ-treated Gwamegi displayed better sensory properties than controls in terms of appearance, visual color, and flavor. 相似文献
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为了探讨咸鱼品质的质构与感官评定的相关性,对其品质的感官评定结果与质构仪器分析结果进行了研究.以3种咸鱼,11个样品为研究对象,对其质构进行人工感官评价与质构仪(TPA模式)测定,对测定结果进行方差分析,结果显示11个样品的感官评价具有显著性差异(P<0.05),TPA各个参数之间也存在一定的差异性.对仪器质构测定结果与感官评定结果进行相关性分析,结果表明仪器质构测定结果与感官评定结果之间有密切的相关性.其中,仪器测定的弹性参数与感官评价指标均具有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关性,相关系数为0.398 ~0.859;而咀嚼性只与硬度具有显著相关,相关系数为0.650;其他参数均存在不同的相关性(r=-0.355 ~0.829).对感官评价总分与仪器分析结果进行相关性分析,得出硬度、咀嚼性与感官评价总分呈显著正相关关系(P <0.05,R=0.974 ~0.994),内聚性、弹性、黏着性与感官评价总分呈显著负相关关系(P <0.05,R=0.937~0.998).3种咸鱼品质的质构仪器分析值与感官评价值具有很好的相关性,为质构仪在咸鱼品质评价上的应用提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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Off flavor characterization and origin in French trout farming 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joël Robin Jean-Pierre Cravedi Anne Hillenweck Cyrille Deshayes Dominique Vallod 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,260(1-4):128-138
The results of a study on off-flavor problems in four French trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) farms are presented. Methodological aspects on sensory analyses and volatile compounds quantification in fish are discussed. Detection of odorous compounds by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry shows that significant concentrations of geosmin (up to 18 μg/kg in fat) are found in trout. The sensory evaluation, the presence/absence of geosmin in the flesh and the identification of off-flavor compounds producers demonstrate the implication of Microcoleus in the appearance of earthy/musty off-flavors. The presence of this particular cyanobacterium is linked to the deterioration of water quality during the water recirculation period. Correlations between chemical and sensory detection in the flesh indicate that the taste evaluation enables the differentiation of the four categories “non-tainted”, “slightly-tainted”, “tainted” and “strongly-tainted”. However, the average concentrations of geosmin found for these different intensities are relatively limited, from 0.2 to 4.9 μg/kg. Finally, recommendations are made to allow a more effective control of off-flavor occurrences. 相似文献
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Gülgün F. Ünal Şengör Didem Üçok Alakavuk Ş. Yasemin Tosun Şafak Ulusoy 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3-4):310-317
In this study, the tail flesh of sturgeon acquired from the fish market in Be?ikta?-Istanbul, Turkey was put through hot smoking. The chemical composition of raw and smoked sturgeon was determined. The protein, lipid, ash, and moisture of the muscle tissue in raw and smoked sturgeon were found to be 17.63 to 17.49, 6.07 to 9.59, 0.79 to 2.71, and 75.42 to 68.40%, respectively. Both the raw fish and the smoked fish meat were categorized to possess high quality characteristics with pH, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), and trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) values. After smoking, the skin color lightness (L*) of raw fish was determined to decrease, while the flesh color lightness of raw fish was determined to increase. The redness (a*) and the yellowness (b*) of both the skin and the flesh were determined to increase. Sensory parameters of color, smoke aroma, flavor, texture, chewiness, and overall acceptance for smoked sturgeon was described as excellent and its flesh tasty. 相似文献
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Adisara Tantasuttikul Soottawat Benjakul 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):129-147
The objective quality indices of squid (Photololigo duvaucelii) and cuttlefish (Sepia aculeata) stored in ice were compared with the subjective counterparts. Sensory (overall quality rating, quality index method [QIM], and multisample difference test), microbiological (total viable count [TVC], psychrophilic count), chemical (trichloroacetic acid-soluble peptide [TCA-soluble peptide], trimethylamine nitrogen [TMA-N], total volatile bases nitrogen [TVB-N], ammonia content, and protein pattern), and physical analyses (expressible drip, color, and texture) were determined in both species during 16 days of iced storage. As storage time increased, TCA-soluble peptide, TVB, ammonia content, and expressible drip were increased (p < 0.05). TMA content was markedly increased after 10 and 8 days of storage in squid and cuttlefish, respectively. Both TVC and psychrophilic count increased as the storage time increased (p < 0.01). Myosin heavy chain was degraded with coincidental decrease in shear force and sensory texture during storage (p < 0.05). According to the overall rating score, shelf life of both species in ice was estimated to be 6 days. The increases in ammonia content and expressible drip were highly correlated with the decrease in overall quality rating and increase in quality index score of squid and cuttlefish (p < 0.01). 相似文献
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为了证实微生态净水剂(含菌量10×109/g)可以提高虾体免疫力和对污染物(如农药)的抵抗力,在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannmei)养殖过程中,设置了施用微生态净水剂的实验组和未用微生态净水剂的对照组,采用肌肉注射的方式,对2组凡纳滨对虾进行乙酰甲胺磷毒性实验。注射乙酰甲胺磷后,采样测定血细胞吞噬化学发光情况,组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、溶菌酶(LSZ)、酯酶活性以及酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)同工酶表型变化。结果表明:施用微生态净水剂组明显好于对照组。施用微生态净水剂的虾注射乙酰甲胺磷后死亡率降低,血细胞的吞噬功能也有所增加,虾体组织内SOD、POD、LSZ、酯酶活性变化较未用组的虾变化幅度较小,其中,SOD、POD活性等高于未用组,EST、MDH同工酶酶带数目也有增加。说明微生态净水剂从本质上增强虾体内代谢、提高虾体的免疫力、增强其对外界环境变化适应能力,并具有提高虾体防御功能,增强抵抗疾病能力的作用。 相似文献
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The effect of dietary lipid level upon various quality parameters of smoked rainbow trout were examined. Fish were fed four experimental diets differing in lipid content (18.8–31.4%). Groups received either a lipid-rich diet throughout the trial (101 days), a lipid-rich feed for 46 days followed by a lower fat diet for 55 days and vice versa, or a low fat diet throughout. A fifth group (controls), consisting of commercially reared animals, was employed for comparative purposes. The visceral fraction of experimental fish increased with increasing lipid ingestion, whereas final process yield decreased. Chemical analyses following salting and hot-smoking revealed that fillet lipid and ash was higher ( P < 0.05) and moisture lower ( P < 0.05) for fish fed the high-lipid diet throughout and during the last 55 days of trial. No differences were recorded with respect to sensory attributes between treatment groups, although differences were observed between tank-reared and control fish. In experimental animals, fillet protein content was negatively correlated with juiciness and fibreness, while dry matter was correlated with juiciness, fresh oily taste and rose flesh colour. The present study indicates that high lipid feeds can be employed without negatively influencing sensory characteristics or yield provided that lean finishing diets are fed prior to slaughter. Fasting of fish for 61 days improved slaughter yields without affecting relative yields among dietary groups. 相似文献
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Rodrigo O A Ozório Justyna Kopecka‐Pilarczyk Maria J Peixoto Rebecca Lochmann Ricardo J Santos Gonçalo Santos Barbara Weber Joaquim Calheiros Lia Ferraz‐Arruda Paulo Vaz‐Pires José F M Gonçalves 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(9):2732-2747
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth performance, fish welfare, sensory evaluation, freshness during ice storage and changes in intestinal microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The 9‐week feeding trial was conducted in cages under commercial conditions during the winter season, when water temperature decreased from 14°C to 7°C. Fish were fed either a diet without probiotic supplementation (control) or with 0.2% (2 × 109 CFU kg?1 diet) of multi‐strain probiotic bacteria (Bacillus sp., Pediococcus sp., Enterococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp.). Fish weight was recorded at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 9 weeks. Growth performance was not affected by dietary probiotic supplementation. Alternative complement activity (ACH50) was significantly higher in fish fed the diet with probiotic (58.4 ± 3.7 units mL?1) than in the control group (46.9 ± 3.1 units mL?1) (P = 0.03). Several biochemical markers were altered by the dietary treatment. 7‐ethoxyresorufin‐O‐deethylase (EROD) (P < 0.01), glutathione S‐transferase (GST) (P < 0.001), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (P < 0.05) increased and lipid peroxidation (LP) (P < 0.01) decreased with dietary probiotic supplementation. Flesh quality and shelf‐life of fish stored on ice was not affected by dietary probiotic supplementation. Probiotic supplementation had a limited effect on the intestinal microbiota. Signal strength of the observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) differed between the control and treatment samples and could indicate variations in the abundance of certain OTUs. Microbiota adhering to the intestinal mucus varied between sampling points, indicating that changes were associated with water temperature. 相似文献
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Farmed Atlantic cod with a mean weight of 4.8 kg were maintained for 9 weeks in sea cages and fed diets where the dietary fishmeal component was substituted with increasing proportions (0%, 22%, 63% and 100%) of meal from Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. Wild‐caught cod were included in the study as external control. At termination of feeding, all fish were slaughtered and muscle pH was immediately recorded. The fish were then stored on ice for three days and assessed for muscle pH and objective (skin and fillet colour, and fillet texture) and subjective (sensory evaluation) quality criteria. Replacement of fishmeal with krillmeal in the diets resulted in the skin colour above and below the lateral line to be more red than the control group without krillmeal substitutions, even though this difference was not significant, and with more yellow hue. Additions of krillmeal increased the muscle whiteness and yellow hue compared with the control group and wild fish. There was no difference in red hue between the groups. Muscle pH, texture or sensory attributes were unaffected by dietary inclusion level of krillmeal. Wild‐caught cod deviated in several aspects from the farmed cod. It is concluded that the replacement of fishmeal with Antarctic krillmeal in the diets two months before slaughter did not move the sensory attributes more towards wild fish. 相似文献
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利用红糖与尿素为碳氮源在自然海水中培养微生物絮团,获得絮团产物,对该产物离心后进行初步的生化分析表明,絮团产物上清液中微生物胞外产物重均分子量为213281Da。絮团沉淀物中多糖含量占29.6%,氨基酸含量占12.6%。将絮团产物按0、0.02、0.1、0.5、2.5%的比例添加至低蛋白饲料中投喂凡纳滨对虾 (Litopenaeus vannamei),14d后分别测定实验对虾血清溶菌活力、抗菌活力和酚氧化酶活力,结果显示在饲料中添加微生物絮团浓度为2.5%的对虾血清中抗菌与溶菌活力最高(P<0.05),添加微生物絮团浓度为0.5%与2.5%的对虾血清中酚氧化酶活力较低蛋白饵料对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。用哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)感染实验对虾后,结果显示饵料中添加0.1%微生物絮团产物组对虾的死亡率最低。综合分析认为对虾摄食微生物絮团后,能够显著提高对虾的非特异免疫力,抗微生物感染的能力得到增强。 相似文献
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Bereket Abraha Abdu Mahmud Habtamu Admassu Habte-Michael Habte-Tsion Fang Yang 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(10):1048-1062
ABSTRACTMalnutrition in children is a current global burden. A common snack for children is biscuits prepared from cereals. However, these types of biscuits have low protein content. Therefore, producing healthier biscuits enriched with essential amino acids (EAAs) and other micronutrients is of great interest to researchers and manufacturers. In this study, biscuits produced from low gluten wheat flour fortified with sturgeon fillet powder (SFP) in various mixing ratios (100:0, 95:5, 93:7, and 90:10, respectively) were investigated. The results revealed that the nutritional and proximate composition of biscuits were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved: moisture (6.77 ± 0.06–7.65 ± 0.06), protein (13.23 ± 0.35–17.12 ± 0.02), fat (15.57 ± 0.18–15.85 ± 0.25), ash (0.84 ± 0.07–0.92 ± 0.06), spread ratio (14.0 ± 0.92–14.33 ± 0.21), and hardness (2,057.90 ± 28.33–3,089.02 ± 51.53). Total amino acids were 6.91, 9.34, 10.32, and 10.58; and EAAs were 2.43, 3.97, 4.48, and 4.22 g/100 g for 0%, 5%, 7%, and 10% SFP, respectively. Leucine was the major amino acid with 5% and 10% SFP, while methionine was the major amino acid with 7% SFP. Fungal counts were not observed, and quality indices were below the maximum acceptable limits in the products. Biscuits supplemented with 7% SFP showed the highest sensory evaluation score. Overall, the inclusion of 7% SFP could produce protein enriched cereal-based fortified biscuits with acceptable sensory and quality attributes and ultimately could insure effective fish utilization and solve malnutrition problems. 相似文献
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研究了鲜活和不同加热条件下(5、20、60 min)海螺足部的组织构造及其流变学特性的变化,并进行了质地剖面分析(TPA)和感官评定试验,为海螺深加工制品的开发及加工工艺的优化提供理论基础和科学依据.组织构造变化采用Van Gieson染色法观察,流变学特性参数和TPA通过质构仪测定,同时比较了TPA和感官评定间的相关性.结果表明:不同的加热处理对海螺足部的组织结构和流变学特征参数有明显影响.流变学特性与组织结构的变化之间具有一定的关联性.流变学特征参数表明鲜活海螺足部的肌肉具有硬度大、弹力和粘着性小的质地特点,而加热样品则是硬度小、弹力和粘着性大.海螺足部的热加工应以加热20 min为宜,时间太短或过长都无法给人以最佳的口感.TPA和感官评定在硬度(R=0.969 2)、弹性(R=0.927 2)和咀嚼性(R=0.854 2)方面呈显著相关性,在粘着性(R:0.794 5)方面也有较好的相关性. 相似文献
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采用卵径形态比较和能量代谢关键酶生理生化分析方法,对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)卵质进行了评价。结果显示,大菱鲆受精卵卵径平均值为(1.053±0.020)mm,不同批次的受精卵卵径间无显著差异。双变量相关统计分析结果显示,大菱鲆卵径与悬浮率、受精率和孵化率间相关性皆不显著。基于能量代谢关键酶统计结果显示,大菱鲆受精卵孵化率与参与蛋白代谢关键酶谷草转氨酶(AST)相对活力存在显著相关性[EAST≥(15.159±3.300)U.mg-1,HHatchingrate〉20%,Spearman相关系数为R=0.675,P=0.003],悬浮率和受精率与AST显著相关;大菱鲆受精卵悬浮率、受精率和孵化率与参与糖代谢关键酶丙酮酸激酶(PK)间相关性均不显著。该研究表明,AST相对活力可以作为用于评价大菱鲆卵质的生理生化参数,蛋白质在大菱鲆受精卵能量代谢过程中是一个重要的能量来源。 相似文献
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几种植物提取物对异育银鲫生长性能和血液生化指标的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用分别在基础日粮中添加了黄霉素(4 mg/kg)和3种植物提取物(皂树皂甙150 mg/kg、茶多酚50 mg/kg、水飞蓟素100 mg/kg)的饲料饲喂异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)56 d后,测定各组鱼生长性能,并于实验结束时尾静脉采血,测定血液生化指标。结果表明:与对照组和黄霉素组相比,3种植物提取物组间的增重率(WGR)和蛋白质效率(PER)无显著性差异(P>0.05);其中皂树皂甙能显著提高血清白蛋白(ALB)的含量(P<0.05);茶多酚能显著提高血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的含量(P<0.05),降低血清尿素氮(BUN)含量(P<0.05);水飞蓟素能显著提高血清碱性磷酸酶的含量(P<0.05),降低血清丙二醛(MDA)的含量(P<0.05)。 相似文献