共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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目前,线虫的固体培养方法是通过无菌操作技术,在动物组织匀浆(如鸡内脏匀浆)加海绵的培养基中加入共生细菌,接入线虫一级种而完成的(Bedding 1981,19841 Wouts 1981)。液体培养则是在接有共生细菌的液体培养基中加入线虫一级种而得到(Buecher et al.1989)。这类培养方法要求加入的线虫一级种仅携带其共生细菌才能达到单菌培养。如果线虫一级种带有杂菌,就会造成培养物的严重污染,大幅度降低线虫产量。因此建立线虫一级种的单菌培养方法对线虫的大量繁殖和工业化生产 相似文献
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高山草甸土壤放线菌分离方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用平板涂抹分离法研究了不同分离培养基及样品预处理对高山草甸土放线菌分离的效果。结果表明:土样在120℃干热处理1 h后其悬浮液加0.05%SDS(十二烷基磺酸钠)和6%酵母膏,40℃振荡30 min,能促进放线菌孢子萌发,增加放线菌的分离数量,并抑制杂菌生长,是高山草甸土放线菌分离时理想的预处理方法。改良HV琼脂和高氏1号加重铬酸钾(50 mg/L)培养基是较好的分离培养基。 相似文献
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介绍一种灰霉病菌的选择性培养基姚技强朱国仁(中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所北京100081选择性培养基是在病菌生长的基本培养基成分中,加入某些合适种类和适当比例的抑菌物质,从而使目标病菌比其他杂菌相对较快地生长。通过对目标病菌的选择性培养,可以观察其是... 相似文献
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《中国植保导刊》2021,(9)
制备适用于分离莱氏绿僵菌(Metarhizium rileyi)的选择性培养基。以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide,CTAB)为选择性成分,以SMAY培养基为基础培养基,分别研究CTAB对M. rileyi生长的影响、对杂菌的抑制作用,并以土壤菌群为基础对该选择性培养基进行验证。结果表明,CTAB对莱氏绿僵菌具有明显的抑制作用,当CTAB浓度高于0.4 g/L时,莱氏绿僵菌无法生长,浓度低于0.2 g/L时,能够生长、产孢。CTAB可以有效抑制杂菌的生长,浓度为0.18 g/L时,对灰霉(Botrytis cinerea)、木霉(Trichoderma longibrachiatum)的抑制作用较强,对青霉(Penicillium sp.)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)则完全抑制,且莱氏绿僵菌可产孢。0.18 g/L的CTAB培养基对土壤菌群具有很强的抑制作用,可以从处理土样中分离得到莱氏绿僵菌并产孢。CTAB含量为0.18 g/L的培养基可以作为莱氏绿僵菌的专用选择性培养基。 相似文献
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为获得能够修复除草剂莠去津污染土壤的高效降解菌,采用摇瓶富集法、平板分离法从莠去津过量使用的土壤中分离得到降解菌SFAD3,通过形态学、生理生化特征观察以及16S rDNA和ITS序列分析进行种类鉴定,测定获得菌株的最适降解条件,并通过土壤接种和盆栽试验验证菌株对莠去津污染土壤的修复作用。结果表明,菌株SFAD3最终被鉴定为门多萨假单胞菌Pseudomonas mendocina,该菌株培养30 d时对污染土壤中50 mg/kg莠去津的降解率可达72.6%;菌株SFAD3在MM液体培养基中最适降解条件为温度37℃、pH 7、莠去津初始浓度6.25 mg/L、接种量2%,对莠去津降的降解率为50.0%~72.2%;与仅有莠去津的处理相比,添加有SFAD3发酵液的处理20 d后芝麻的株高、根长、湿重和干重能够显著恢复,并且该菌对芝麻还具有一定的促生作用。表明降解菌SFAD3在修复莠去津污染土壤方面具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
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杀细菌剂毒力测定方法的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
用抑菌圈法和平板菌落计数法分别测定农用链霉素、氧氯化铜对柑桔溃疡病菌与白菜软腐病菌的毒力,以比较两种毒力测定方法。结果表明,与抑菌圈法相比,平板菌落计数法具有快速、简便、重复性好等优点。认为平板菌落计数法可用于室内杀细菌剂的毒力测定。 相似文献
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两株对辣椒疫霉菌有拮抗作用的拮抗菌分泌蛋白的研究 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
用平板对峙生长法筛选到两株对辣椒疫霉菌具有较强拮抗作用的细菌,经鉴定为芽孢杆菌属。测定了无菌滤液的抑菌活性及两菌产生拮抗物的热稳定性。用硫酸铵沉淀法提取到对辣椒疫霉菌有拮抗作用的抗菌蛋白。发酵条件的研究表明,用G培养基、pH7、培养32小时,XA1、XF1能产生具有较强拮抗作用的拮抗物。 相似文献
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Characterizing the mechanism of biological control of postharvest diseases on fruits with a simple method to study competition for nutrients 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT Biocontrol agents may compete with pathogens for nutrients and space to delay or prevent decay of fruits after harvest. These mechanisms of biological control have been difficult to study because no method has been available to determine the significance of each of the components of competition. We developed a nondestructive method using tissue culture plates with cylinder inserts containing defusing membrane at one end to study competition for nutrients without competition for space. Other biocontrol mechanisms in which direct contact between an antagonist and a pathogen is not required also can be studied. The method was used to determine the competition between the yeastlike biocontrol agent, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Penicillium expansum for limited nutrients in apple juice during 24 h incubation, simulating a fruit wound. The antagonist depleted amino acids and inhibited germination of P. expansum conidia. Exposing these conidia to fresh apple juice increased conidial germination to the level comparable to that exhibited by conidia which were not exposed to the antagonist. Because the culture plate method was nondestructive, follow-up experiments in an agar diffusion test were conducted. Juice in which the antagonist grew did not inhibit germination of P. expansum conidia that were seeded on the plates. This corroborates findings from the culture plate method that inhibition of the conidia germination resulted from competition for nutrients. The new method can be coupled with existing techniques to improve understanding of antagonist-pathogen interaction for biological control of postharvest diseases. 相似文献
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植物病原真菌是导致作物产量损失和品质下降的重要因素之一,因此,开发低毒高效的抑菌剂一直是研究的热点。本研究从百里香植株茎中分离得到1株内生真菌2-63菌株,通过形态学结合分子生物学鉴定其为塞缪尔斯木霉Trichoderma samuelsii。平板拮抗活性表明:T. samuelsii 2-63菌株对8种植物病原真菌的拮抗活性均达70.0%以上,其中对枸杞黑霉病菌Alternaia alternata拮抗活性最高可达87.1%;平板共培养试验表明:T. samuelsii 2-63菌株挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)也表现出对病原菌不同程度的抑制活性,抑制率在31.0%~68.5%;但T. samuelsii 2-63菌株液体发酵液和粗提物的抑菌活性较低。抑菌活性结果结合气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析试验结果表明:T. samuelsii 2-63菌株抑菌活性的关键成分为VOCs,其主要组分为6-戊基-2H-吡喃-2-酮(6-PP)。探索性试验表明:固体发酵条件下,大米培养基比大麦培养基更利于6-PP的产生,最大产量为38.6 mg/mL;浅层液体培养条件下,6-PP随着培养时间的增... 相似文献
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为探明土壤微生物对新农药F1050的降解能力,用平板稀释和富集培养法分离驯化土壤中F1050的优势降解细菌,并用合成培养基进行纯化培养,利用美国Biolog公司的细菌自动鉴定系统,初步筛选出5个菌株:ZJU.01为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,69%);ZJU.02为巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium,99%);ZJU.03为腊状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus,86%);ZJU.04为腊状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus,92%);ZJU.05为球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus,99%)。F1050添加浓度为50 mg/kg的液体培养和室内土壤模拟降解试验结果表明,ZJU.02、ZJU.04 和ZJU.05三个优势降解菌株对F1050表现出了较强的降解能力,50 mg/kg F1050的降解半衰期为6.41~6.74 d,而对照的灭菌和未灭菌土壤中的半衰期分别达72.20和29.88 d;不同菌株对F1050的降解能力没有显著差异。 相似文献
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Various approaches have been tested for improving the production of usable microtubers in tissue culture propagation of virus-free potato material. Cultures in which microtubers are spontaneously produced under conditions when only vegetative growth should occur are generally not usable, either for further propagation or for microtuber production. Feeding with supplementary sucrose solution has been shown to stimulate such cultures to produce adequate quantities of usable microtubers. Use of a liquid medium instead of a solid medium was another method used to increase microtuber yield. An attempt was also made to increase efficiency by placing more transplants in each culture flask. Improvements were obtained by making various adjustments in the density of plants and the volume of medium, with supplementary feeding if necessary. The density could best be expressed in relation to total surface area of growth chamber used. 相似文献
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分离土壤棉花黄萎病菌选择性培养基的筛选 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
采用土壤检测稀释法、水筛法和不同土样接种量,对5种土壤浸提液改良培养基进行了比较研究。结果表明,土壤水筛法对土壤棉花黄萎病菌的检测效果优于稀释法,其菌落检测数增加4~10倍。培养基每皿0.25 g土样接种量的检测效果高于0.5 g和1g。5种测试培养基中,培养基D对分离土壤棉花黄萎病菌的选择性表现最好,其土壤接种体检测回收率达63.5%~83.3%.培养基D的组份为:土壤浸提液25 ml,KH2PO4 1.5 g,K2HPO4 4 g,尿酸钠0.2 g,半乳糖醛酸钠(果胶)1g,山梨糖1g,Dox盐2 ml,Tergitol NP-101ml,PCNB0.1g,琼脂17g,蒸馏水1000 ml,pH6.4~6.7。每1000ml融化培养基倒皿前加抗菌素液50 ml (含氯霉素0.05 g,链霉素0.05 g,青霉素-G盐0.05 g)。 相似文献