Incidence and Types of Canine Rectal Carcinomas

Abstract— In a period of 12 years (1956–1967) fourteen carcinomas of the rectum were observed in a total number of 12,456 autopsies and surgical specimens. Additionally one polypous adenoma and six mesenchymal tumours of the rectum were seen. The average age of the dogs with tumours was 9 years. Adenocarcinomas with mucin production (eight cases) were more prevalent than scirrhous carcinomas (four cases) and undifferentiated carcinomas (two cases).
Metastases were seen in nine out of fourteen cases reported.
Résumé— 12.456 nécropsies et interventions chirurgicales effectuées au cours de 12 am (1956–1967) ont permis de déceler, chez les chiens étudiés, quatorze carcinomes du rectum, ainsi qu'un adénome polypeux et six tumeurs du mésenchyme. L'âge moyen des chiens atteints était de 9 ans. L'ordre de fréquence des tumeurs constatées se présente comme suit: adénocarcinomes avec production de mucine (huit cas); carcinomes squirreux (quatre cas); carcinomes non différenciés (dew cas).
Sur les quatorze cas constatés un seul comportait, des métastases neof comportaient
Zusammenfassung— In einem Zeitraum von 12 Jahren (1956–1967) wurden bei einer Gesamtzahf von 12,456 Sektionen und Organeinsendungen 14 Rektumkarzinome bei Hunden festgestellt. Weiterhin wurden 1 polypöses Adenom und 6 mesenchymale Tumoren des Rektums beobachtet. Das Durchschnittsalter der Hunde mit Tumoren betrug 9 Jahre. Adenokarzinome mit Muzinbildung (8 Fälle) waren häufiger als skirrhöse Karzinome (4 Fälle) und undifferenzierte Karzinome (2 Fälle). Metastasen wurden in 9 von 14 Fällen festgestellt.     

26例犬甲状腺机能减退的临床调查分析

收集了浙江大学附属动物医院门诊26例犬甲状腺机能减退的病例相关资料,通过对其性别、品种、年龄、临床症状和部分血液生化结果进行调查分析,治疗采用口服左旋甲状腺素片20μg/kg,2次/d。结果表明,犬甲状腺机能减退没有性别倾向性,2岁~7岁的中青年犬易发,涉及11个品种;患犬均有不同程度的肥胖、反应迟钝的症状,此外因频繁抽搐服用抗癫痫药物(苯巴比妥)导致甲状腺功能低下的犬3例,仅表现葡萄膜炎的犬2例,并发糖尿病的犬1例,表现为脱毛、色素沉着、继发感染等皮肤异常的犬20例;患犬高胆固醇血症的占15.38%,高甘油三酯血症的占65.38%;给予口服左旋甲状腺素片治疗效果良好。     

犬白内障的诊断与治疗

白内障是人致盲的主要原因之一,犬白内障也一样,但我国兽医在这方面的研究还比较薄弱。主要综述了犬白内障的分类、诊断与治疗,为该病在兽医临床中的诊断和治疗提供一些参考依据。     

一例肠梗阻患犬的诊断与治疗

2003年3月2日,犬主李先生携一只体重约12.5kg的6月龄的雄性英国牧羊犬前来就诊。经我院及时确诊为肠梗阻后实施手术治疗,取出一长为2.9 cm,直径为2.6 cm的玉米芯块,现已康复。玉米芯致肠阻塞较为少见,现将诊治过程报道如下。1 症状 该犬发病已3天,曾在别处诊治一次。反复     

16例犬钩端螺旋体病例的回顾性分析

为了解犬钩端螺旋体病的临床特点和诊疗方法,对2017年10月至2018年7月在浙江大学动物医院确诊的16例钩端螺旋体病犬的发病和诊疗情况进行了回顾分析。PCR诊断钩端螺旋体免疫的公犬是高发群体,雨水较多的月份发病率高于雨水少的月份,由于周边地区金毛、贵宾和田园犬的保有量相对其他品种要高,故在患犬中占比较高。病初主要表现为呕吐、脱水、精神委靡、结膜潮红、食欲废绝等症状。临床检查发现血尿素氮、血肌酐、血磷等指标明显升高,白细胞不同程度升高,部分病例出现贫血。B超检查可见肾肿大、肾实质损伤。主要酸碱紊乱类型为代谢性酸中毒和呼吸性酸中毒,低钠血症最为常见,并发症有肝损伤、胰腺炎、肺炎等。     

162例犬子宫蓄脓症调查分析

子宫蓄脓症是一种常见的母犬生殖系统疾病,为提高宠主对此病的重视及早期诊断提供帮助,文章收集了2017～2018年重庆8家动物医院的162例病例,分析子宫蓄脓症的发生与品种、年龄、生育史等之间的关系.结果 可见:从犬种上看,常见患犬为北京犬27.78％,吉娃娃12.96％,博美11.11％;从体型上看,小型犬的发病率较高...     

Tolerability of Gemcitabine and Carboplatin Doublet Therapy in Cats with Carcinomas

Background: This study was performed to determine the toxicity of gemcitabine-carboplatin doublet therapy in cats with carcinomas.
Hypothesis: Gemcitabine and carboplatin are safe in tumor-bearing cats.
Animals: Twenty cats with spontaneously occurring carcinomas.
Methods: A cohort of 6 cats received gemcitabine (2 mg/kg IV) on days 1, 8, and 15 and carboplatin (10 mg/kg IV) immediately after gemcitabine on day 1 of a 21-day cycle. A 2nd cohort of 14 cats received carboplatin 4 hours after gemcitabine on day 1 and gemcitabine on day 8 but not day 15. The cycles were repeated every 21 days.
Results: Cats in the 1st cohort received a median of 3.75 cycles per animal (range, 1–6). Two cats (33.3%) developed grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, 1 (16.7%) grade 4 thrombocytopenia, and 1 (16.7%) grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity. Gemcitabine dose reductions and treatment delays occurred in 1 and 4 cats, respectively. Cats in the 2nd cohort received a median of 2 cycles per animal (range, 0.5–10). Two cats (14.3%) had grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and 1 (7.1%) had grade 3 and 4 gastrointestinal toxicity. One cat required gemcitabine dose reduction and 6 had treatment delays. In the 2nd cohort, of 11 cats with measurable tumors, there was 1 complete response (pancreatic carcinoma) and 1 partial response (squamous cell carcinoma, receiving concurrent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Gemcitabine-carboplatin combination appears moderately well tolerated in tumor-bearing cats. Minimal patient benefit suggests that alternative schedules or combinations of gemcitabine with other agents should be explored.     

Canine Sterile Nodular Panniculitis: A Retrospective Study of 14 Cases

Background: Sterile nodular panniculitis (SNP) is an uncommon inflammatory condition of subcutaneous fat that can be idiopathic, but has also been associated with underlying conditions such as pancreatic disease or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The pathogenesis and clinical course of the condition are not well understood. Objectives: To retrospectively review cases of SNP associated with systemic signs, concurrent disease, or both and characterize the clinical, laboratory, imaging, and histopathologic findings, treatment, and response to treatment. Animals: Fourteen dogs with histologically confirmed SNP diagnosed between 1996 and 2008. Methods: Retrospective study. Results: Skin lesions were ulcerated or draining nodules in 9 dogs and nonulcerative subcutaneous nodules in 5. Most dogs had systemic signs, such as fever, inappetence, lethargy, and multiple lesions. Common clinicopathologic findings included neutrophilia with or without left shift, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, mild hypoglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, and proteinuria. Concurrent diseases included pancreatic disease, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarthritis, lymphoplasmacytic colitis, and hepatic disease. Dogs responded to immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids when administered. Prognosis for recovery was related to the underlying disease process. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: SNP is not a single disease. Rather, it is a cutaneous marker of systemic disease in many cases. After thorough evaluation for concurrent disease and infectious causes, immunosuppressive treatment is often effective.     

犬耳痒螨病的诊治及多拉菌素的疗效试验

多拉菌素（Doramectin）是一种新型的阿维菌素类（Avermectins）抗寄生虫药,它可抑制神经冲动在神经肌肉间的传递,使虫体麻痹脱离宿主而死亡.犬耳痒螨病是由犬耳痒螨引起的接触性传染病.临床上表现为耳部奇痒,患犬不时用爪搔抓耳部,常见到皮肤损伤,耳血肿,摇头不安.使用多拉菌素治疗犬耳痒螨病70例,高（0.9 mg/kg BW）、中（0.6 mg/kg BW）、低（0.3mg/kg BW）3个剂量组7 d后有效率分别为80%、75%和60%,14 d后的有效率分别为100%、85%和73%,取得了良好的治疗效果.     

三例犬细小病毒感染犬的诊疗

2015年3月至5月在甘肃农业大学动物医院实习期间接诊了3例以腹泻,厌食,频繁呕吐,精神萎靡,眼角有分泌物,排出有恶臭味酱油样或番茄汁样血便,发热和体重减轻为主要症状的患犬,其中一只来该院就诊前两天口服食母生、土霉素等,但无效。在进行实验室检查以及犬细小快速检测试纸等确诊为犬细小病毒感染。采用犬细小病毒单抗、地塞米松磷酸钠、盐酸山莨菪碱、三磷酸腺苷二钠、胃蛋白酶、食母生、葡萄糖盐水、爱茂尔等治疗。一周后2例治疗痊愈,1例治疗1d后死亡。     

Skin Lesions in Canine Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar): A Clinical and Histopathological Study on 22 Spontaneous Cases in Greece

Abstract— Skin lesions occurring in 22 dogs with leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) were studied clinically and histopathologically, so as to better characterize the range of abnormalities encountered in this disease. The main clinical dermatological patterns observed were exfoliative dermatitis (90.9 per cent of dogs), ulcerations (63.6 per cent), onychogryposis (54.5 per cent), sterile pustular dermatitis (13.6 per cent), and paronychia (13.6 per cent). Most of the dogs (86.4 per cent) had more than one type of skin lesion. The most commonly seen histopathological patterns were granulomatous perifolliculitis and sebaceous adenitis (68.2 per cent), superficial and deep perivascular dermatitis (54.5 per cent), and interstitial dermatitis (50.0 per cent). Parasites, mostly within macrophages, were detected in the skin biopsies from 50.0 per cent of the dogs. Résumé— Les lesions cutanés de 22 chiens atteints de leishmaniose ont étéétudiées cliniquement et histopathologiquement, afin de mieux caractériser les anomalies observées lors de cette maladie. La principale manifestation dermatologique observée était une dermatitie exfoliative (90,9% des chiens), des ulcérations (63,6%), une onychogriphose (54,5%) une dermite pustuleuse stérile (13,6%) et une paronychie (13,6%). La plupart des chiens (84,6%) avaient plus d'un type de lésion cutanée. Les lesions histopathologiques les plus communes étaient des périfolliculites granulomateuses et des adénites sébacées (68,2%), une dermite superficielle et profonde périvasculire (54,5%), une dermite intersticielle (50%). Les parasites, généraiement dans les macrophages, ont été isolés dans une biopsie sur deux. Zusammenfassung— Hautveränderungen, die bei 22 Hunden mit Leishmaniose (Kala-azar) auftraten, wurden klinisch und histopathologisch untersucht, um die Spannweite der Veränderungen, die bei dieser Krankheit auftreten, besser charakterisieren zu können. Als hauptsächliche klinische dermatologische Symptome wurden exfoliative Dermatitis (90,9% der Hunde), Ulzerationen (63,6%), Onychogrypose (54,5%)), sterile pustulöse Dermatitis (13,6%) und Paronychie (13,6%) beobachtet. Die meisten Hunde (86,4%) wiesen mehr als einen Typ Hautveränderung auf. Die häufigsten histopathologischen Befunde bestanden in granulomatöser Perifollikulitis und Talgdrüsenadenitis (68,2%), oberflächlicher und tiefer perivaskulärer Dermatitis (54,5%) und interstitieller Dermatitis (50,0%). Die Parasiten, die meistens in den Makrophagen liegen, wurden in den Hautbiopsien bei 50,0% der Hunde entdeckt. Resumen Se estudiarion clínica e histopatológicamente las lesiones cutáneas padecidas por 22 perros con leismaniasis (Kala-azar), con el propósito de caracterizar el rango de abnormalidades producidas por la enfermedad. La sprincipales características patológicias observadas fueron: dermatitis exfoliativa (90.9% de los perros), ulceraciones (63.6%), onicogriposis (54.5%), dermatitis postular esteril (13.6%), y paronquia (13.6%). La mayoría de los perros, (86.4%), presentaban más de un tipo de lesion dérmica. Los modelos histopatológicos reconocidos más frequentemente fueron: perifoliculitis granulomatosa y adenitis sebácea (68.2%)), dermatitis perivascular superficial y profunda (54.5%), y dermatitis intersticial (50%). Las biopsias cutáneas detectaron parásitos, la mayoría en los macrófagos, en 50% de los perros.     

38例犬肿瘤的病理诊断及分析

收集深圳市2010年－2012年部分宠物医院的犬肿瘤病例41例,采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤病例进行组织学分类,并对患病动物的年龄、性别和发生部位进行了统计分析。38例确诊肿瘤病例中,皮肤肿瘤有19例,包括鳞状细胞癌4例、基底细胞癌5例、乳头状瘤3例,皮脂腺瘤和肛周腺癌各2例,脂肪瘤、黑色素瘤、角化棘皮瘤各1例;乳腺肿瘤9例,包括乳腺癌3例、乳腺鳞状细胞癌2例、乳腺癌肉瘤2例、黏液癌1例,患犬以雌性为主;其他部位肿瘤分别有纤维肉瘤2例,血管瘤、肺癌、淋巴瘤、睾丸精原细胞瘤、睾丸支柱细胞瘤、组织细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、乳头状瘤各1例。上述结果显示,犬肿瘤的高发部位是皮肤,其次是乳腺,其发生年龄以7岁以上为多,在发病动物的品种上没有明显差别;除乳腺肿瘤外,其余肿瘤的性别差异不大。本研究为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据。     

A Comparison of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Thyroid Adenocarcinoma in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 38 Cases

The medical records of 38 dogs with thyroid neoplasia that were treated by surgical excision of the tumor, or had an incisional biopsy performed as a diagnostic procedure, were reviewed. Of the 38 dogs, 21 (55%) had resectable tumors, whereas 17 (45%) had an incisional biopsy as the tumors were nonresectable. All dogs had an initial diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. The type of carcinoma was confirmed in 33 dogs by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Twelve dogs (36%) had medullary thyroid carcinoma, and 21 dogs (64%) had thyroid adenocarcinoma. Of the 12 dogs with medullary thyroid carcinoma, 10 (83%) had resectable tumors. Of the 10, three (30%) had at least a 1-year survival. None had radiographic evidence of metastasis at the time of surgery. Of the 21 dogs with thyroid adenocarcinoma, 11 (52%) had resectable tumors. Of the 11 dogs, five (45%) had at least a 1-year survival. Three dogs had radiographic evidence of metastasis at the time of surgery. Of 10 dogs with nonresectable thyroid adenocarcinoma, two dogs (20%) had at least a 1-year survival. In the dogs in this study, medullary thyroid carcinoma was more prevalent than previously reported. Most of the medullary thyroid carcinomas were well circumscribed and resectable. Medullary thyroid carcinoma may possess gross and histological characteristics of a less malignant nature when compared with other thyroid carcinomas.     

48例犬子宫蓄脓的中西医治疗体会

收集了前来我校动物医院就诊的48例犬子宫蓄脓病例,随机分成A、B、C 3组,分别采用中医疗法15例、激素疗法20例和手术疗法13例。结果表明,中医疗法治愈率为33.3%,激素疗法治愈率为50%,手术疗法治愈率为84.6%。     

浅析犬细小病毒病临床诊断与防治措施

犬细小病毒所引起的犬细小病毒病是危害养犬业最为严重的传染病之一,临床以剧烈呕吐、出血性肠炎、心肌炎和白细胞显著减少为主要特征,感染发病率高,传染性强,病死率高,本文浅析了犬细小病毒的生物学特性,细小病毒病临床症状、诊断、治疗和愈后、预防等内容,以期对犬细小病毒病的防治提供一定的参考。     

犬小肠端端吻合术的改进及临床与组织学观察

在犬小肠两断端肠腔内,置入一条状支撑物以固定肠管进行单层缝合吻合肠管的方法。通过实验手术,对肠管端端吻合术的单层、双层两种缝合方法进行临床、病理解剖学、X线摄片、组织学观察与比较。结果证明,单层缝合法吻合小肠是安全的、可行的,值得推广使用。