Parasitic bronchitis and pneumonia

Parasitic bronchitis and pneumonia is often a serious problem on individual farms, despite the fact that the disease is easy to diagnose, easy to treat, and easy to prevent by anthelminthic control programs or by vaccination. This article presents the various phases of the primary infection as well as the reinfection syndrome.     

Acute Mortality,Bacterial Load,and Pathology of Select Lines of Adult Rainbow Trout Challenged with Weissella sp. NC36

Abstract

A challenge for improving disease resistance in fish through genetics is to understand specificity of resistance and whether selection for one pathogen alters the response to unrelated pathogenic microorganisms. Adult Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that had been bred for differential susceptibility to Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) and designated ARS-Fp-R (resistant), ARS-Fp-S (susceptible), and ARS-Fp-C (control line), as well as a pool of commercial-stock Rainbow Trout, were intraperitoneally challenged with Weissella sp. NC36. Clinical signs, survival, and innate mechanisms affecting disease resistance were monitored over 9 d. Acute disease signs included exophthalmia associated with retrobulbar inflammation and hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, and mild to moderate granulomatous pericarditis. The ARS-Fp-R line did not demonstrate significant survival differences over a 9-d period compared with the ARS-Fp-C and ARS-Fp-S lines (P ≥ 0.09) indicating that during the acute phase of disease, the resistance factors that limit BCWD do not confer cross protection against Weissella sp. NC36. The linear effect of body weight at challenge was statistically significant, as each 10-g increase in body weight increased the hazard of death by 1% (P = 0.02). Bacterial loads on day 3, assessed by splenic and cerebral CFU counts, did not differ between ARS-Fp-R and ARS-Fp-S trout and there was no correlation between CFU counts and body weight. These findings help elucidate the specificity of disease resistance in selectively bred lines and contribute to our understanding of disease caused by Weissella sp., a recently described pathogen found in cultured Rainbow Trout.

Received June 19, 2013; accepted June 23, 2013     

流程再造下菌种管理系统的研究与实践

采用信息化优化技术优化菌种管理流程,改善原手工管理的不足。采用软件工程方法 ,借用大型数据库、显微镜摄像头、照相机等硬件设备,在检验科管理系统的基础上,开发菌种管理系统。最终完成菌种管理系统的研发并投入使用,实现菌种归类、情况记录、图像采集、标签纸打印等功能。菌种管理系统对优化菌种管理流程,减少纸张浪费,降低科室管理成本,提高微生物室人员的工作效率,促进微生物学研究和微生物资源开发利用,具有积极的作用。