Control of late blight in potato by full and reduced rates of oxadixyl mixtures

The effect of oxadixyl-based fungicidal mixtures on the development of late blight and the buildup of resistance ofPhytophthora infestans to oxadixyl was studied in potato crops (cv. Alpha) grown in plastic houses. Half-rates of SAN 518F (mancozeb + oxadixyl) applied weekly provided better disease control and reduced resistance buildup more effectively than the full rates of the mixture applied biweekly. Mancozeb applied weekly at full rate was less effective than SAN 518F at half-rate. The data suggest that lowering the dosage together with shortening the interval between sprays is an efficient strategy to combat mixed populations — sensitive and resistant to phenylamides — ofP. infestans when phenylamide-based fungicidal sprays are used.     

马铃薯晚疫病菌对氟吡菌胺抗性监测及9种常规药剂对马铃薯晚疫病田间防效评估

为探明北方一季作区马铃薯晚疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans)对氟吡菌胺抗性发生动态,2012～2016年自河北、内蒙古、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江等地区采集分离到马铃薯晚疫病菌520个菌株,采用菌丝生长速率法检测供试菌株对氟吡菌胺的敏感性,并以茎叶喷雾法评价9种生产上常用药剂对马铃薯晚疫病的田间防治效果.结...     

Chemical control of late blight epidemics incited by metalaxyl-resistantPhytophthora infestans in potato crops in Israel

Four field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various fungicide formulations in controlling late blight in potato crops artificially inoculated with A₂ metalaxyl-resistant isolates ofPhytophthora infestans. Two trials (Winter 1986, Spring 1987) were performed at the research farm of Bar-IIan University (central coastal plain) and two trials (Winter 1987, Spring 1988) at the Besor Experiment Farm (western Negev), with seven formulations tested in each trial. At Bar-IIan, Mancur (mancozeb + cymoxanil, 4:1) applied once a week was most effective in controlling the blight. Sandocur-M and Pulsan (mancozeb + oxadixyl + cymoxanil, 7:1:2 and 7:1:0.4, respectively) applied at biweekly intervals were the second best, while SAN 518F (mancozeb + oxadixyl, 7:1) and Ridomil-MZ (mancozeb + metalaxyl, 7.5:1) applied at biweekly intervals, and mancozeb or cymoxanil applied once a week, were the least effective. At the Besor farm Ridomil-MZ at biweekly intervals was the least effective, but the efficacy of the other formulations varied between the two trials. Mancur, Sandocur-M, Previcur-N and mancozeb were highly effective in Winter 1987 but less so in Spring 1988. In the latter season Mancur, Sandocur-M and Previcur-N were significantly more effective than mancozeb or Ridomil-MZ. The correlation coefficient between yield and final disease level was -0.5322.     

Estimating the global severity of potato late blight with GIS-linked disease forecast models

Global severity of potato late blight was estimated by linking two disease forecast models, Blitecast and Simcast, to a climate data base in a geographic information system (GIS). The disease forecast models indirectly estimate late blight severity by determining how many sprays are needed during a growing season as a function of the weather. Global zonation of estimated late blight severity was similar for both forecast models, but Blitecast generally predicted a lower number of sprays. With both forecast models, there were strong differences between potato production zones. Zones of high late blight severity include the tropical highlands, western Europe, the east coast of Canada and northern USA, south-eastern Brazil and central-southern China. Major production zones with a low late blight severity include the western plains in India, where irrigated potato is produced in the cool dry season, north-central China, and the north-western USA. Using a global GIS data base of potato production, the average number of sprays was calculated by country. These averages were compared with estimates of current fungicide use. The results using Blitecast and Simcast were correlated but only Blitecast estimates correlated with observed data for developed countries. The estimated number of sprays, whether from Blitecast or Simcast, did not correlate with the observed number of sprays in developing countries, and in a number of developing countries the predicted optimal number of sprays was much higher than the actual number observed. In these countries, increased access to host resistance and fungicides could have a strong economic impact.     

Activity of the New Fungicide Benthiavalicarb Against Plasmopara viticola and its Efficacy in Controlling Downy Mildew in Grapevines

Benthiavalicarb is a new fungicide active against Oomycetes fungal plant pathogens. The present study shows that benthiavalicarb is effective for controlling the Oomycete fungal pathogen Plasmopara viticola, which causes downy mildew in grapevines. The fungicide did not affect zoospore discharge from sporangia of P. viticola, but strongly inhibited zoospore encystment, cystospore germination in vitro and mycelial growth, together with sporangial production in vivo. Benthiavalicarb showed strong prophylactic and local activity in intact plants or detached leaves and low translaminar activity. The compound was not translocated from leaf to leaf in either a acropetal or basipetal direction. Benthiavalicarb applied at 1, 3 and 6 days post-inoculation protected grapevine plants against downy mildew and inhibited sporulation of the pathogen. Similar results were obtained on leaf disks if benthiavalicarb was applied up to 96 h post-inoculation. Benthiavalicarb diminished the sporulation of P. viticola when applied to established disease in the tissue. Benthiavalicarb remained active on leaves for a period up to 28 days. Two foliar applications of benthiavalicarb, 2 weeks apart, to field-grown grapevines inhibited downy mildew development and were as effective as the standard metalaxyl-Cu treatment in controlling the disease. A formulated mixture of benthiavalicarb + Folpet was similar or superior in performance to metalaxyl-Cu and the new strobilurin trifloxystrobin in controlling downy mildew. The effectiveness of benthiavalicarb makes it well suited for integration into a control programme against downy mildew disease in vineyards, and as a component to delay resistance buildup.     

The effect of foliar application of phosphonate formulations on the susceptibility of potato tubers to late blight

Foliar sprays of potato plants with phosphonic acid (partially neutralised with potassium hydroxide to pH 6.4) substantially reduced infection of the tubers by Phytophthora infestans, the cause of late blight, in glasshouse and field experiments over a 4-year period. Healthy tubers of blight-susceptible cultivars removed from treated plants and artificially inoculated by spraying with sporangial/zoospore suspensions of P infestans did not develop disease symptoms, demonstrating that the phosphonate applications had directly reduced the susceptibility of tubers to infection, probably as a result of translocation into tuber tissue. In contrast, foliar application of fosetyl-aluminium did not significantly reduce tuber blight development following inoculation. Five to six sprays of partially neutralised phosphonic acid (2 kg ha-1) applied at 10-14 day intervals resulted in the least tuber infection, but such a treatment regime may not be economic. In trials where the effect of timing and rate of application of 2-4 kg phosphonic acid ha-1 was examined, a single treatment of 4 kg ha-1 applied mid- or late-season proved the most effective. A spray programme in which one or two applications of phosphonic acid are combined with use of a non-systemic or systemic fungicide to enhance foliar protection offers the possibility of controlling both foliage and tuber blight and could have a major impact in reducing overwinter survival of P infestans in tubers.     

磷酸二氢钾影响马铃薯对晚疫病抗性的初步研究

本研究以马铃薯品种‘丽薯6号’为试材,对叶面喷施不同浓度磷酸二氢钾4 d后的植株接种晚疫病菌,测定晚疫病发生的严重度,并测定磷酸二氢钾和晚疫病菌处理后14 d内马铃薯植株的PAL、SOD、POD、PPO、Chi、GLU活性及SP含量。结果表明,在一定浓度范围内,磷酸二氢钾可减轻马铃薯晚疫病的发生,随着施用浓度的增加,晚疫病发病逐渐减轻。其中磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为0.6%时,晚疫病发病最轻,接种晚疫病菌后8 d防效达35.64%,12 d时仍超过30%,但浓度超过0.6%,晚疫病发生加重。同时,喷施磷酸二氢钾可不同程度地提升健康和接种晚疫病菌的马铃薯植株体内6种防御酶活性及可溶性蛋白含量。因此,磷酸二氢钾在一定时间段内可诱导马铃薯对晚疫病的抗性,减轻晚疫病的发生。     

十一种杀菌剂防治马铃薯晚疫病的适宜施用时期

为了明确当前市场上具有代表性的11种防治马铃薯晚疫病杀菌剂的适宜施用时期,采用人工接种马铃薯叶片的方法,测定了其中5种药剂在接种晚疫病菌前10 d内不同时间施用的预防效果和其中7种药剂在接种后24 h内不同时间施用的治疗效果。结果显示:在保证良好防治效果的前提下,药剂在病原菌接种前保护性施用的适宜时期比在接种后治疗性施用的适宜时期要长。在测试浓度下,接种前5种供试药剂保持100%防治效果的适宜施用时期为接种前3~10 d;而接种后7种供试药剂保持相同防效的适宜施用时期仅为接种后6~12 h,在生产实际中难以操作。研究结果说明,在田间马铃薯晚疫病的化学防治中,为了取得良好防治效果,每次用药均应在病菌侵入之前采用保护性施用,尽量避免在病菌侵入之后进行治疗性施用。     

Exploiting host resistance to reduce the use of fungicides to control potato late blight

Field trials in 1996, 1997 and 1998 with six potato cultivars differing in levels of foliar and tuber race-nonspecific resistance to late blight were treated with 100, 50 and 33% of the recommended dose of the fungicide fluazinam at application intervals of 7, 14 and 21 days. Using a mixed inoculum of six or seven indigenous isolates of Phytophthora infestans small potato plots were inoculated via infector plants. A foliar blight model for the relationship between the effects of resistance, fungicide application and disease pressure was developed using multiple regression analysis. Cultivars with a high level of quantitative resistance offered the greatest potential for fungicide reduction. The model showed that the effect of resistance on integrated control increased exponentially with increasing cultivar resistance. Reducing fungicide input by lowering the dose resulted in less foliar disease than extending application intervals. The higher the disease pressure, the greater the risk associated with reducing fungicide input by extension of application intervals. The field resistance of cultivars to tuber blight mainly determined the frequency of tuber infection. Exploiting high foliar resistance to reduce fungicide input carried a high risk when cultivar resistance to tuber blight was low. When field resistance to tuber blight was high, a medium level of resistance in the foliage could be exploited to reduce fungicide dose to c . 50%, provided application was at the right time. At a high level of field resistance to both foliar and tuber blight, application intervals could be extended.     

马铃薯与致病疫霉互作研究进展与展望

马铃薯是重要的粮食作物, 由致病疫霉侵染引发的晚疫病长期严重制约马铃薯产业的健康发展, 因此, 国内外均将马铃薯晚疫病列为重大病害。目前, 抗病品种选育栽培、晚疫病预测预报和化学防治等相结合的晚疫病综合防治手段已得到普遍推广, 但晚疫病局部大流行在全世界范围内仍时有发生, 给粮食安全和生态安全带来巨大挑战。本文回顾了我国晚疫病的部分研究历史, 集中关注致病疫霉与寄主的互作机制领域, 梳理了近年来关于致病疫霉侵入机理、效应蛋白毒力功能、病原菌变异规律、马铃薯抗病机理等方面的重要研究结果并展望未来主要的研究方向, 以期为晚疫病基础研究和防治技术革新提供参考。     

Restriction of potato and tomato late blight development by sub‐phytotoxic concentrations of boron

Boron is a microelement required for normal growth and development of plants but its positive effect is restricted to a narrow range of concentrations. The gradual increase in use of recycled water, which contains high concentrations of boron for irrigation, has already raised the level of boron in soils and plants in southern Israel. This research was conducted to examine the direct effects of sub‐phytotoxic boron concentrations on potato late blight epidemics and to explore the mode of action of boron against Phytophthora infestans. When boron was applied alone to field grown potato plants it did not affect the epidemic. However, together with a reduced rate of the fungicide Melody Duo (propineb + iprovalicarb), boron improved late blight suppression compared to plants treated with the fungicide alone. The ED₅₀ of boron against P. infestans (256·4 mg L^?1) was about 6400 times higher than the ED₅₀ value of the fungicide chlorothalonil (0·04 mg L^?1), indicating that boron does not have a direct fungicidal activity that would explain the level of protection seen in the field. In greenhouse experiments conducted with potted tomato plants, boron decreased late blight severity in both treated leaves and distant leaves not treated with boron. The results suggest that boron is active locally but also may induce systemic acquired resistance against P. infestans.     

马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵抗性的快速检测方法

为快速检测马铃薯晚疫病菌——致病疫霉Phytophthora infestans对甲霜灵的抗性,基于已知致病疫霉RPA190基因的T1145A变异引起的F382Y氨基酸点突变与甲霜灵抗性有关,通过设计4对特异性引物F382Y-F1/F382Y-R、F382Y-F2/F382Y-R、F382Y-F3/F382Y-R和F382Y-F4/F382Y-R建立等位基因特异性PCR(allele specific-polymerase chain reaction,AS-PCR)快速分子检测法,其中F382Y-R引物在4对引物里保持不变,并分析所建分子检测法的特异性和灵敏度。结果表明,正向特异性引物F382Y-F2、F382Y-F3和F382Y-F4的3''末端在致病疫霉抗甲霜灵菌株原有核苷酸突变位点1145A(对应引物为F382Y-F1)的基础上,再人工引入第1144位的核苷酸突变,将1144T分别突变成1144G、1144C和1144A,并优化退火温度和特异性引物与内参引物ITS1/ITS4比例,最终确定最适退火温度分别为54、60和58℃,特异性引物与内参引物最适浓度比例均为5∶1。以该3条引物对应的3对特异性引物和内参引物ITS1/ITS4组成的3组多重AS-PCR引物对甲霜灵敏感和抗性菌株具有良好的特异性,敏感菌株的扩增产物含1条879bp的内参片段,抗性菌株的扩增产物为1条879bp的内参片段和1条461bp的目的片段。3组AS-PCR检测体系均具有较高的灵敏度,其中引物F382Y-F4/F382Y-R对致病疫霉DNA的检测灵敏度达0.4pg/μL,引物F382Y-F2/F382Y-R和F382YF3/F382Y-R的检测灵敏度达4pg/μL。     

Identification and characterization of RB-orthologous genes from the late blight resistant wild potato species Solanum verrucosum

Late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating disease of potatoes and tomatoes. A key long-term management strategy for combating this disease is to develop potato cultivars with high levels of durable resistance through identification and integration of major resistance genes. The RBgene, cloned from the Mexican diploid potato species Solanum bulbocastanum, confers broad-spectrum resistance to potato late blight. Here, we have determined the late blight resistance phenotypes of eight accessions of Solanum verrucosum, another wild diploid potato species, using greenhouse inoculations and discovered variability among the accessions. While most accessions were resistant, one accession was notably more susceptible. Transcribed orthologs of the RB gene from the eight S. verrucosum accessions were cloned using a homology-based PCR approach. Sequence analysis revealed that the RB^ver orthologs share up to 83.5% nucleotide identity with RB^blb. Stable introduction of the RB ortholog from late blight resistant S. verrucosum PI275260 into susceptible S. tuberosum confers resistance to P. infestans. Interestingly, this functional RB^ver ortholog contains an insertion of a complete leucine rich repeat when compared to RB^blb, and differs from the RB^ver ortholog from a susceptible accession at only four amino acid residues.     

世界及中国鳄梨产销概况与展望

由毛色二孢属 (Lasiodiplodia spp.) 真菌引起的蒂腐病是对采后鳄梨最具破坏性的病害。为明确鳄梨蒂腐病原群体对杀菌剂的敏感性及6种不同类型杀菌剂在鳄梨蒂腐病防治中的应用潜力,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了来自海南和云南省鳄梨种植区的101个蒂腐病菌菌株对6种内吸性杀菌剂的敏感性,以优势种L. pseudotheobromae建立该种群的敏感性基线。结果表明：多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑对蒂腐病菌菌丝生长均表现出强烈的抑制活性,其平均EC₅₀值分别为 (0.06 ± 0.04)、 (0.72 ± 0.49)、 (0.86 ± 0.98) 和 (1.25 ± 1.38) μg/mL。其中优势种L. pseudotheobromae对上述4种杀菌剂的敏感性均呈连续单峰曲线,符合正态分布,可将相应的平均EC₅₀值作为鳄梨蒂腐病菌对上述4种杀菌剂的敏感性基线。分别有4%和8%的菌株其咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑的平均EC₅₀ 值 大于5 μg/mL;91% 和100% 的菌株对吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌酯敏感性很低,平均EC₅₀值分别高达 (371.03 ± 353.38) 和 (622.86 ± 771.28) μg/mL,且为非正态分布。同时,针对上述可能已产生抗药性的菌株的靶标基因进行了测序和表达量分析,qRT-PCR结果表明：供试菌株中咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑的靶标基因CYP51未发生任何点突变,但经药剂处理12 h后,抗性菌株CYP51基因表达量较敏感菌株显著上调,推测该基因的过表达与病原菌对咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑的抗药性形成有关;然而,抗性菌株吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌酯的靶标基因Cyt b却既没有发生点突变也没有呈现过表达,因此其抗药性形成机制还有待进一步探究。研究表明,我国鳄梨蒂腐病菌对多菌灵和甲基硫菌灵非常敏感,2种杀菌剂可考虑作为鳄梨蒂腐病防治的优先候选药剂,但该病原菌对另外2种供试杀菌剂的潜在抗性也不容忽视。

     

Combating plant diseases—the Darwin connection

Although Darwin knew of plant diseases, he did not study them as part of his analysis of natural selection. Effective plant disease control has only been developed after his death. This article explores the relevance of Darwin's ideas to three problem areas with respect to diseases caused by fungi: emergence of new diseases, loss of disease resistance bred into plants and development of fungicide resistance. Darwin's concept of change through natural or artificial selection relied on selection of many small changes, but subsequent genetic research has shown that change can also occur through large steps. Appearance of new diseases can involve gene duplication, transfer or recombination, but all evidence points to both host plant resistance and fungicide susceptibility being overcome through point mutations. Because the population size of diseases such as rusts and powdery and downy mildews is so large, all possible point mutations are likely to occur daily, even during moderate epidemics. Overcoming control measures therefore reflects the overall fitness of these mutants, and much resource effort is being directed towards assessment of their fitness, both in the presence and in the absence of selection. While recent developments in comparative genomics have caused some revision of Darwin's ideas, experience in managing plant disease control measures clearly demonstrates the relevance of concepts he introduced 150 years ago. It also reveals the remarkable speed and the practical impact of adaptation in wild microorganism populations to changes in their environment, and the difficulty of stopping or delaying such adaptation. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

贵州省烟草黑胫病菌对甲霜灵的抗药性

为了明确贵州地区烟草黑胫病菌对甲霜灵的抗药性水平, 从贵州省12个市、县采集黑胫病病株, 经分离纯化鉴定, 获得98株黑胫病菌株, 采用生长速率法测定其对甲霜灵的敏感性。结果表明, 采自不同地区的菌株对甲霜灵的敏感性差异较大, 各供试菌株的EC50 值分布范围为0.419 2～20.486 1 μg/mL; 各地区平均EC50 在0.551 9～10.986 0 μg/mL之间; 最低抗药性水平为1.00, 最高抗药性水平为48.87, 相差48.87倍, 各地区平均抗药性水平在1.32～26.21之间。遵义、兴仁、贵定、赫章和兴义有抗甲霜灵菌株出现, 除遵义部分菌株的抗性水平表现为高抗外, 其余菌株对甲霜灵产生的抗性均处于中抗水平。     

马铃薯晚疫病预测模型与预警技术研究进展

介绍了马铃薯晚疫病11个预测模型和6个电脑化模型;描述了模型预测的判断标准和预警指标,并作了评价提出存在问题;讨论了建立网络化病害预测模型和实现自动预警配套技术;报道了2003年直接应用于田间马铃薯晚疫病监测技术。     

Expression of biotic stress response genes to Phytophthora infestans inoculation in White Lady,a potato cultivar with race-specific resistance to late blight

Expression changes of biotic stress response genes were analyzed during a 65 h period post inoculation with Phytophthora infestans in potato cultivar White Lady that possesses race-specific resistance to this pathogen. All analyzed respiratory burst oxidase homologs, the PR proteins, the serine-, cysteine- and aspartic protease inhibitors, as well as the Rpi-bt1 gene homolog were up-regulated in the biotrophic phase. The R1 and R2 gene homologs showed up-regulation only at 65 hpi, and interestingly, the R3a gene showed only a very slight expressional increase. It is concluded, that beside the constitutively expressed R genes a number of non-specific stress response genes contribute to the successful resistance response in race-specific defense.     

Resistance to acylalanine fungicides in Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. medicaginis

Isolates ofPhytophthora megasperma f. sp.medicaginis resistant to the systemic fungicide metalaxyl were obtained by mycelial adaptation and by mass selection from zoospores either untreated or treated with UV irradiation or with the chemical mutagenN-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. In an assay with one-week-old lucerne seedlings all of 19 spontaneously obtained isolates showed a relatively low degree of resistance and were less virulent than the original isolate. Only one of these isolates showed resistance in vivo in this test. From 176 highly resistant isolates obtained after mutagenic treatment, 81 were as virulent as the orginal isolate and 33 of the latter displayed a considerable degree of resistance in vivo.Metalaxyl at a concentration of a.i. in soil of 20 mg.l^–1 failed to control root rot of 7–8 week old lucerne plants inoculated with mycelial fragments of virulent resistant isolates. Under similar conditions root rot caused by the original isolate was completely prevented even at a concentration of a.i. of 2.5 mg.l^–1.The resistance to metalaxyl appeared to be highly stable since virulent and resistant strains did not loose their resistance after 12 infection cycles in a seedling assay in the absence of the fungicide, neither did mixed populations of a resistant and a sensitive isolate under similar conditions.The likelihood of development of resistance to acylalanine fungicides under practical conditions is discussed.Samenvatting VanPhytophthora megasperma f. sp.medicagninis, een wortelpathogeen van luzerne, konden tegen metalaxyl resistente isolaten worden verkregen na adaptatie van mycelium en selectie uit, zoösporen die al dan niet behandeld waren met het chemisch mutagensN-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Alle 19 spontaan verkregen isolaten vertoonden een lage graad van resistentie en hun virulentie in een zaailingentest was lager dan van het oorspronkelijke isolaat. Slechts één van deze isolaten vertoonde resistentie in vivo. Bij toetsing van 176 isolaten met een hoge graad van resistentie die na een mutagene behandeling waren verkregen bleek dat 81 isolaten even virulent waren als het oorspronkelijke isolaat en dat er 33 een aanzienlijke graad van resistentie in vivo te zien gaven.Metalaxyl in een a.i. concentratie van 20 mg.l^–1 grond kon het optreden van wortelrot bij 7–8 weken oude luzerne planten niet verhinderen, wanneer deze werden geinoculeerd met gefragmenteerd mycelium van resistente isolaten. Onder dezelfde omstandigheden kon het oorspronkelijke isolaat reeds volledig worden bestreden bij een a.i.-dosering van 2.5 mg.l^–1.Resistentie tegen metalaxyl bleek een zeer stabiele eigenschap te zijn omdat bij een viertal getoetste stammen de resistentie niet verdween na 12 infectiecycli in een zaalingentest bij afwezigheid van het fungicide.Onder deze omstandigheden bleek ook dat de resistente stammen niet verdwenen uit mengpopulaties van een gevoelige en een resistente stam hetgeen erop wijst dat de virulentie van de resistente isolaten van hetzelfde niveau is als dat van het oorspronkelijke isolaat.Op grond van de gevonden resultaten mag de mogelijkhei tot resistentieontwikkeling tegen acylalanine fungiciden in de praktijk aanwezig worden geacht.     

甘肃省马铃薯粉痂病品种抗病性及防治药剂筛选

由马铃薯粉痂病菌Spongospora subterranea引起的粉痂病已成为甘肃省马铃薯生产上的重要病害之一,发生面积及危害程度均呈逐年增加的趋势,严重威胁马铃薯产业的健康可持续发展。研究马铃薯不同品种对粉痂菌的抗性并筛选高效防治药剂,是控制该病扩散蔓延最为直接和有效的手段,对马铃薯粉痂病的综合治理具有重要意义。本试验对甘肃省马铃薯主栽品种对粉痂病抗病性及田间防治药剂开展了系统研究,抗病性测定结果表明：22个品种块茎上均可感染粉痂病,发病率为25.00%～100.00%,病情指数为6.67～68.33,平均病情指数为29.45。从发病率和病情指数综合评价,‘冀张薯12号’对粉痂病有较好的抗性。田间药剂筛选试验结果表明：10亿cfu/g多黏类芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂100倍液和0.3%四霉素水剂50倍液播前种薯浸种处理均对马铃薯粉痂病有较好的防治效果,防效分别为60.50%和60.22%,显著高于其他处理;0.3%四霉素水剂30倍液和10亿cfu/g多黏类芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂45倍液于马铃薯花期时进行灌根处理,对粉痂病的防效分别为56.00%和52.87%,显著高于其他处理。因此,甘肃省马铃...