Comparison of nutritive values of groundnut oil cake and Niger oil cake for laying pullets

1. The nutritive value of Niger oil cake (Guizotia abyssinica, Cass.) as a protein supplement for layers’ diets has been assessed.

2. Replacing groundnut oil cake (GNC) by Niger oil cake (NC) on an isonitrogenous basis, did not affect egg production, egg weight or the amount of food required per dozen eggs.

3. The percentage retention of nitrogen from diets containing 30% GNC or 30% NC was similar.

4. The ME value of NC used was 3025 kcal/kg.

5. It is concluded that NC can replace GNC in layers’ diets.     

油桐树饼(粕)在动物生长上的应用

本文主要介绍油桐饼(粕)资源的特点、营养价值、脱毒方法及其在畜牧生产上的应用。     

Growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle fed different levels of macadamia oil cake

Eighteen cattle (six Bonsmara males, seven Simmanteler x Beefmaster males and five Simmanteler x Beefmaster females) were assigned to three diets containing 0% (Control), 10% and 20% Macadamia oil cake to evaluate the effects of different levels of Macadamia oilcake (MOC) on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. Differences in average feed intake were not significant (P > 0.05). Average daily gains on the 0% and 20% MOC diets were not significantly different (P < 0.05) but were significantly higher than the average gain on 10% MOC (P < 0.05). The inclusion of 20% MOC increased feed conversion ratio significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the other two treatments. The control group had significantly heavier warm carcasses than the 10% and 20% MOC groups and the 20% MOC group had significantly heavier carcasses than the 10% MOC group. The inclusion of MOC did not significantly affect the dressing percentage and conformation scores of the animals (P > 0.05). There were no condemned livers, suggesting that either there were no toxic factors in the feed or, even if present, were probably inactive in the liver.     

菜粕、棉粕在水产饲料中的合理应用

鱼粉是水产饲料中重要的蛋白原料,但是近年来,鱼粉资源短缺,价格不断上涨,目前鱼粉的价格已达13 000～14 000元/t,较一年前上涨了近一倍;与此同时,豆粕作为优质的植物蛋白源,其价格也一直在较高范围内波动,其最高价格曾达4 000元/t以上.     

Dietary enzyme addition on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs fed diets containing avocado oil cake silage

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Avocado oil cake (AOC) was mixed with dried grape pomace and sugarcane molasses and ensiled for 90&nbsp;days. A total mixed ration containing 5% AOC...     

Performance of growing lambs fed processed karanj (Pongamia glabra) oil seed cake as partial protein supplement to soybean meal

The aim of this study was to determine whether processed karanj (Pongamia glabra) oil seed cake can be used as a supplement to partially replace soybean meal (SBM). Male lambs (n = 24) of uniform body weight (12.88 ± 0.15 kg) were equally allotted at random to a SBM‐based control (CON) and three test concentrate mixtures, containing detoxified solvent extracted karanj cake (SKC) using three processing methods: water washing (WW), 2.5% lime (LM) and 0.4% binder (BN) treatment. The processed SKC replaced 50% nitrogen of SBM of CON. The respective concentrate mixtures were fed along with ad libitum chaffed oat (Avena sativa) straw for 196 days. Dry matter intake was significantly (p < 0.01) lower on WW, LM and BN. Apparent digestibility coefficient of nutrients was comparable, except for total carbohydrates, which was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in LM and BN. Total gain, average daily gain and feed: gain ratio was comparable (p > 0.05) between the CON and WW diets but significantly lower in LM and BN groups. Yield of greasy wool was lower (p < 0.05) in BN group. Comparable dry matter and nutrient (crude protein and total digestible nutrients) conversion efficiency was observed on CON and WW diet but the lambs on the LM and BN diets exhibited lower (p < 0.01) conversion efficiency. It is concluded that SKC after water washing could replace 50% of SBM nitrogen in protein supplementation.     

豆粕掺假鉴别方法

豆粕是以浸提法制油得到的残余物.一般豆粕的蛋白质含量高于饼.因此,在我省从用户到饲料加工厂比较喜欢用豆粕.而另一个原因是豆粕不容易掺假,一般都是正规生产厂家生产的,质量可靠.但近来在原料的交易、饲料加工中均发现有掺假豆粕,这类豆粕由于经过特殊加工,外观与纯豆粕十分相近,如不经仔细鉴别,很容易上当,给广大用户造成很大的经济损失.     

Effects of different dietary inclusion levels of macadamia oil cake on growth performance and carcass characteristics in South African mutton merino lambs

Growth performance and carcass characteristics of South African mutton merino fed graded levels of macadamia oil cake were assessed. A total of 60 South African mutton merino lambs were used in the experiment (initial live weight 25.0?±?0.45 kg). Five diets with different inclusion levels of macadamia oil cake (MOC) were formulated: T1 (0% MOC, control), T2 (5% MOC), T3 (10% MOC), T4 (15% MOC) and T5 (20% MOC). Effects of inclusion level of MOC on average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were not significant (P?>?0.05). Effects of inclusion levels of MOC on feed conversion ratio (FCR) of sheep were significant (P?<?0.05). Highest proportion (71.2%) of sheep in the study had a carcass fat classification of 2, followed by a proportion of 17.3% sheep with a carcass fat classification of 3 and lastly 11.5% sheep had carcass fat classification of 4. Warm and cold carcass mass, chest circumference, carcass length and dressing percentage were higher in sheep fed on 5% MOC compared to other treatment diets (0, 10, 15 and 20% MOC) (P?<?0.05). Fat rib eye had a greater area in sheep fed on 5% MOC (P?<?0.05). It was concluded that 5% MOC provided the best results in terms of carcass characteristic measurements in sheep.     

核桃仁饼营养成分分析

文章采用国标法分析了核桃仁饼的一般营养成分、脂肪酸、氨基酸和氨基酸平衡性,并与其它常用植物性饲料蛋白源进行比较。结果表明：核桃仁饼中粗蛋白质含量43.36%、粗脂肪23.80%、蛋白溶解度59.91%、粗灰分4.90%、粗纤维5.99%、钙0.32%、总磷0.84%;核桃仁饼主要含5种脂肪酸,含量最高的是亚油酸61.71%,其它依次为油酸19.79%,α-亚麻酸10.80%,棕榈酸4.83%和硬脂酸2.28%;核桃仁饼含17种氨基酸,氨基酸总量占干物质35.55%,其中鱼类必需氨基酸占15.34%,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的43%,鲜味氨基酸含量接近氨基酸总量的45%,蛋氨酸、赖氨酸仅含0.40%、0.51%,是核桃仁饼的限制性氨基酸,但精氨酸含量4.88%,高于鱼粉中含量,谷氨酸8.37%。核桃仁饼营养丰富,但其作为水产动物饲料蛋白源氨基酸平衡性差,可通过与血粉或其它蛋白源搭配使用提高其使用价值。     

棉籽饼粕在畜禽中的应用及棉酚的脱毒方法研究

<正>我国是一个产棉大国,拥有丰富的棉花资源,2000年棉花产量达441.7万吨,其中新疆占145.6万吨。我国年产棉籽量可达663万吨,除一小部分留作种用,剩下的用于榨油,估计可生产出318万吨左右的棉籽饼粕(含壳约15%)及106万吨左右的棉籽油。用于饲料的棉籽饼粕仅占16%左右,绝大部分直接作肥料。据试验证明,棉籽饼粕作肥料只能利用氮源的     

Effect of supplementation of mustard oil cake on intake,digestibility and microbial protein synthesis of cattle in a straw-based diet in Bangladesh

The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of different levels of rumen-degradable protein (RDP) on intake, digestibility and microbial protein synthesis by supplementing mustard oil cake (MOC) on rice straw-based diet of cattle (Bos indicus) in Bangladesh. A 4 × 4 Latin square design was applied. Four diets having constant energy (7.0 MJ/kg of dry matter (DM)) with varying levels of RDP (M ₀ = 4.1 g/MJ (control), M ₁ = 6.3 g/MJ, M ₂ = 8.3 g/MJ and M ₃ = 12.4 g/MJ of metabolizable energy (ME)) were received by each animal for a period of 28 days. A metabolism trial was conducted for 7 days. Results indicate that with increasing levels of RDP, crude protein (CP) and RDP intake increased significantly (P < 0.01). The significant (P < 0.01) increase in digestibility values are obtained for DM, organic matter, CP and digestible organic matter in the rumen. The digestibility of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was also increased significantly (P < 0.05). The total nitrogen (N), ammonia-N and total volatile fatty acids increase significantly (P < 0.01) while the rumen pH increased from M ₀ to M ₂ and decreased thereafter. The efficiency microbial N intake increased significantly (P < 0.01) but showed a curvilinear response with higher RDP level (12.40 g/RDP/MJ ME). This study concludes that supplementation of RDP from MOC enhances the intake, digestibility and microbial protein synthesis which ultimately increases utilization of low-quality feed resources that can be used for developing cost-effective feeding systems on a straw-based diet in tropical regions.     

猪棉籽饼中毒的诊治

2003年3月,我区某猪场更换饲喂棉籽饼替代部分豆粕,引起猪棉籽饼中毒,共有74头猪发病,其中死亡育肥猪7头、哺乳仔猪18头,4头母猪流产,造成重大的经济损失,现报告如下。     

豆粕替代物在畜禽生产上的应用

由于我国粮食价格大幅度上涨,尤其是生产饲料的主要原料如玉米、豆粕等原料的大幅度上涨,使企业利润空间大幅缩小。有关统计结果显示,豆粕等原材料的上涨给饲料行业带来了超过了90亿元的损失,而2002年饲料全行业的盈利才仅有60亿元。据了解,在国内13万家左右的饲料企业中,50%的     

黄芥籽饼的脱毒与利用

陕、甘、宁三省区的交界处吴旗、定边、安塞、盐池、华池等十多个县 ,气候干旱少雨 ,风沙多 ,土地瘠薄 ,无灌溉条件。当地种植黄芥籽约 1 0余万ｈｍ2 ,据群众反映 :黄芥籽耐干旱 ,抗病抗逆性强 ,一般 4月份种 ,8月份收 ,亩产 2 0～ 80ｋｇ ,是当地的主要油料作物之一。在当地黄芥籽多用小型榨油机压榨 ,饼呈黄色 ,味很苦 ,农户给猪、牛、羊、驴少量添加饲喂 ,亦有作肥料用的。近年来 ,种植黄芥籽面积不断扩大 ,黄芥籽饼粕也流入饲料市场。由于黄芥籽饼味苦 ,适口性很差 ,往往被饲料厂商拒之门外 ,农户用黄芥籽饼饲喂畜禽 ,生长缓慢 ,甚至有…     

诱食剂配合印度菜粕在罗非鱼饲料中的应用

<正>近两年,一些饲料企业在罗非鱼饲料配方中印度菜粕的用量在8%～20%(有个别厂家用量在20%,甚至更高)。如继续增加印度菜粕的用量,会严重影响鱼     

超常量菜籽饼喂肉用仔鸡的毒理学研究

不脱毒云南产机榨菜籽饼以15%、19%、24%、30%等超常量饲喂肉用仔鸡,测定其生长性能,随机抽样进行甲状腺、血清T3、T4含量,肝功能、肌肉品质等指标,结果表明,肉鸡增重、胴体重、屠宰率显著降低;甲状腺重量增加,滤泡肿大,T3、T4水平下降。     

去毒桐粕及其在畜牧生产上的应用

油桐(V ernicia fordii(H em sl)A iry-Shaw)属于大戟科(E uphorbiaceae)油桐属(V ernicia Lour),为中亚热带落叶乔木,原产于我国,有着悠久的栽培历史,是著名的经济植物之一。其主要产品是桐油,为最佳干性油之一,在工业上具有广泛用途。据统计,目前在国民经济领域中,直接或间接使用桐油的产品达l000种以上,且随着各种工业的日益发展,桐油的用途也将更为广泛。桐饼(粕)主要是油桐籽经榨取桐油后所剩余的副产品,由于不同的制油方法以及油脂厂所收购的桐果品种不一,且加工过程中加入的桐壳比例不同,因此在桐籽制取桐油的过程中,由机械压榨法…