-石竹烯及其衍生物的生物活性与合成研究进展

综述了β-石竹烯及其衍生物的活性及合成方法。在活性方面,β-石竹烯作为香料已经被应用于化妆品和食品添加剂中,药理研究表明β-石竹烯具有局麻作用、抗炎作用、驱蚊虫作用、抗焦虑、抗抑郁作用,β-石竹烯醇还应用于镇咳祛痰药物中,石竹烯氧化物具有镇痛和抗炎作用,抗真菌作用,还有细胞毒性等。同时还简单介绍了β-石竹烯及其部分衍生物的合成方法。     

Characterization Methods of Wood Ultrastructure and Its Research Progress北大核心CSCD

The characterization methods of wood cell wall ultrastructure were generally reviewed in the context.In particular,four approaches including the X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic force microscopy and confocal Raman microscopy, were detailed in their application and research status, which could provide the methods and ideas for future exploration of the microphase structure of wood. Additionally,the advantages and limitations of each technology were also summarized.Moreover,the existing drawbacks and future direction of cell wall structure research were clearly pointed out. © 2018, Editorial Board of «Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products». All right reserved.     

四种β-谷甾醇衍生物的合成及杀虫活性的初步研究

为筛选更有效的杀虫剂,合成了4种β-谷甾醇衍生物,用元素分析、红外光谱和质谱数据证实了其结构.杀虫活性试验表明,β-谷甾醇衍生物(2a)具有显著杀虫活性,其在乙醇溶液的最低浓度为ρ(2a)= 5.0×10-5 g/mL.     

4-异丙基-1,3-环己二烯酸酯衍生物的合成及其抑菌性能研究

以β-蒎烯为原料、碱性高锰酸钾为氧化剂合成了诺蒎酸,诺蒎酸酸性脱水并重排开环得到4-异丙基-1,3-环己二烯酸(二氢枯茗酸).二氢枯茗酸与氯化亚砜反应生成酰氯,再与各种醇反应生成了14个酯衍生物,通过IR、1H NMR、MS对产物进行了结构鉴定.通过抑菌环法测试探讨了化合物的抑菌活性,结果表明,256 mg/L时,除了...     

Investigation on the Catalysis in the Oxidation of α-Pinene

概述了近20年来国内外对催化α-蒎烯氧化反应过程的研究,重点分析了α-蒎烯氧化中催化剂的性能特点及产物分布规律,总结了过渡金属盐、氧化物、配合物、分子筛及杂多酸在α-蒎烯氧化中的催化作用,比较了催化活性及选择性的特点,并初步探讨了发展趋势.提出在已有的α-蒎烯氧化反应催化剂中,分子筛类催化剂在制备方法和工业化发展上有一定的优势,深入研究过渡金属化合物在α-蒎烯氧化反应的催化性能及调变方法,应是α-蒎烯氧化反应中值得重点关注的研究内容.     

3-对■烯-1-磺酰胺类化合物的合成及其除草活性

以松节油为原料合成了3-对■烯-1-胺,继而以磺酰氯为磺酰化试剂、三乙胺为缚酸剂,合成了10种3-对■烯-1-磺酰胺类化合物（2a～2j）。通过FT-IR、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和LC-MS对所合成化合物的结构进行了表征,并评价了其对稗草的芽后除草活性。研究结果表明：3-对■烯-1-磺酰胺类化合物的收率为60%～87%,各种结构表征图谱与化合物特征相符,表明成功合成了目标化合物。部分化合物对稗草的生长抑制作用明显,其中3-对■烯-1-丙基磺酰胺（2f）的除草活性最好,对茎长和根长的半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)值分别为0.36和0.17 mmol/L。细胞毒性试验结果表明：3-对■烯-1-基磺酰胺类化合物毒性较低,对正常人脐静脉血管内皮细胞HUVEC-C和小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞BALB/C 3T3的体外增殖均无显著抑制。构效关系分析表明：含烷基的磺酰胺衍生物的除草活性明显高于含芳基的,当烷基为3个碳原子时活性最好,但是当烷基上连有吸电子基团时会减弱其活性;苯环或萘环上连有给电子基团（甲基、甲氧基）时活性比连吸电子基团（F、C...     

Current Status and Advancements in Research of Plantation Nutrient Cycling

Nutrient cycling refers to the complicated process of cycling, transferring, changing of mineral and chemical elements in the eco-system, which is one of the most fundamental functions of eco-system. Some of the nutrients mainly circulate among organisms and atmosphere; others mainly circulate among organisms and soil, or among organisms, atmosphere and soil. In short, there are three types of circulations of nutrient cycling in ecosystem: geochemical cycles, biogeochemical cycles and bio- che…     

二氢枯茗酰基硫脲的合成及抑菌活性研究

以β-蒎烯为原料、碱性高锰酸钾为氧化剂合成了诺蒎酸,诺蒎酸酸性脱水并异构开环得到二氢枯茗酸。二氢枯茗酸经过酰氯化、酯化,再与相应的胺反应得到了6种酰基硫脲化合物,通过IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析对产物进行了结构鉴定,并通过抑菌环法对化合物的抑菌活性进行了测试。测试结果表明,化合物二氢枯茗邻甲苯酰基硫脲(Ⅵc),二氧枯茗间甲苯酰基硫脲(Ⅵd)对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径分别是11.33、11.00 mm,高于市售试剂新洁尔灭。     

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Dihydrocumatacylthiourea

以β-蒎烯为原料、碱性高锰酸钾为氧化剂合成了诺蒎酸,诺蒎酸酸性脱水并异构开环得到二氢枯茗酸.二氢枯茗酸经过酰氯化、酯化,再与相应的胺反应得到了6种酰基硫脲化合物,通过IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析对产物进行了结构鉴定,并通过抑菌环法对化合物的抑菌活性进行了测试.测试结果表明,化合物二氢枯茗邻甲苯酰基硫脲(Ⅵc),二氧枯茗间甲苯酰基硫脲(Ⅵd)对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径分别是11.33、11.00 mm,高于市售试剂新洁尔灭.     

The Impacts of Irrational Exploitation and Utilization of Water Resources on Land Desertification and Its Countermeasures in the Arid Area of China

水是干旱区最为宝贵的自然资源之一，水量平衡在很大程度上影响着土地荒漠化过程．本文在荒漠化公约所作的荒漠化气候分区的基础上，对干旱区因水资源的不合理利用对土地荒漠化的影响如土壤盐渍化、植被退化和现有耕地的废弃加以综合分析，并据此提出了缓解这些影响的相应对策．     

Variability in permeability and integrity of cell membrane and depletion of food reserves in neem （Azadirachta indica） seeds from trees of different age classes

We quantified cell membrane permeability(electrical conductivityEC,water soluble sugar-WSS,and amino acids-AA)and integrity(phospholipids,α-tocopherol and lipid peroxidation)along with food reserve deterioration(total proteins,total sugar,and total starch)of neem seeds collected from various mother tree age classes and stored for 65days in airtight plastic containers at ambient room temperature(35±5°C).Results show that the activities were higher in fresh seeds(EC267.56-2950.01μS/g,WSS 19.96-19.48 mg/g and AA 5.40-5.35 mg/g)and declined with increasing duration of storage period(EC153.37-195.17μS/g,WSS 3.13-4.17 mg/g and AA 4.29-4.49 mg/g after35 days and EC 144.02-161.56μS/g,WSS 2.06-2.40 mg/g and AA3.98-4.27 mg/g after 65 days of storage).Phospholipids andα-tocopherol were higher in fresh seed(0.073-0.093 OD at 710 nm and0.080-0.105 OD,respectively)and declined as storage duration increased(0.033-0.042 OD at 710 nm and 00.0010-0.0020 OD,respectively).Dead seeds showed reduced amounts of phospholipids and minimum activity ofα-tocopherol(antioxidants).The level of MDA was lower in fresh seeds(0.0066-0.0087 OD at 600-535 nm)and increased as storage duration increased(0.0248-0.0268 OD after 65 days of storage).The higher amount of MDA indicated that seeds died due to rancidity of the oil inside the seed.Neem seed cake was assessed for deterioration of food reserves(total proteins,total sugar,and total starch),concentrations of which were higher in fresh seed and declined as storage duration increased.Germination was higher in fresh seeds and after 65days,no germination was received perhaps due to deterioration of biochemicals in seeds.Patterns of seed deterioration were similar across all seed lots.     

Research Advances in Interplay of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Other Key Biological Factors Related to Pine Wilt Disease

Pine wilt disease is fatal to pine trees, which has become the most dangerous biological disaster in forest historically (Chai Ximin et al. 2003; Yang Baojun et al. 2003; Zhang Xingyao et al. 2003). The outbreak and epidemic of pine wilt disease relate closely to host trees, insect vector and symbiotic microorganisms, and its pathogenic mechanism is not clear so far (Tominaga et al. 1984; Ishikawa et al. 1986; Shuto et al. 1987; Stamps et al. 1998a; Cheng yuexin et al. 2005; Tan Jiajin et …