烟台系长毛兔繁殖性能研究

烟台系长毛兔是在本地长毛兔提纯复壮的基础上，与德系和法系长毛兔杂交后，采用继代选育法培育而成的一种新型长毛兔品系，经对五世代的４０只公兔和６０只母兔繁殖性能进行了系统测定分析，结果表明，烟强系长毛兔公兔的精液品质优良，在配种旺季，精子密度每毫升达２亿个以上，有效精子数每毫升精液达到１－２亿个，母兔产仔数比零世代母兔提高了５．８６％，泌乳力提高了１９．４８％，断有窝重兔提高了２０．１８％断奶兔成活率     

影响长毛兔免疫质量的原因与提高防疫免疫效果的措施

随着我县长毛兔的迅速发展，许多长毛兔养殖户获得了丰厚的收益，然而，在家际养殖中，由于各方面的原因，经营发生长毛兔兔瘟，巴氏杆菌病，魏氏梭菌病等传染病免疫失败现象，造成了部分养长毛兔户，长毛兔传染病的发生与流行，极大地影响了长毛兔养殖户的积极性和经济效益。本结合自己在长毛兔长期防疫工作中的实践，谈谈影响的长毛兔防疫免疫质量的原因和提高防疫免疫效果的措施。[第一段]     

夏季产后热的预防

饲养毛兔投资少，见效快，前景广阔，为抢占入世后的国内国际市场，不仅要多养长毛兔还要养好长毛兔并且注重提高兔毛的质量。１选好长毛兔１．１选购月龄适宜的长毛兔２月龄前的幼兔，较难饲养，３～５月龄的较适宜，不要购买即将失去饲养价值的老兔。鉴别长毛兔老与不老可看脚爪：老兔脚爪上白色部分多于红色，且弯曲度大；年轻兔则相反。１．２选购兔毛紧密的长毛兔鉴别兔毛的稀与密可采用两个办法：一是抓，用手抓兔毛，手感坚实的密度大，手感空虚的密度小；二是吹，用嘴向兔背吹毛，露出的面积越小，毛越密；同时，兔毛中应无杂毛、结…     

怎样提高长毛兔产毛量

1选用优良品种 目前，产毛量超过 1 000g、体重超过 4kg的方为良种。如德系长毛兔、镇海长毛兔、珍珠长毛兔等。 2加喂微量元素添加剂 每只成年兔每天加喂微量元素添加剂 10mg，连续喂 4个月，可使产毛量提高 27％。 3改善饲养环境 长毛兔适宜的环境温度为 5～ 25℃，气温超过 30℃时，采食量减少，产毛量下降， 0℃以下营养消耗多，也影响产毛量。兔舍要做到冬季保温，夏季防暑，清洁卫生，空气清新。 4注意早期培育 在同样条件下，仔兔吃足奶水与否可影响到毛囊发育，所以要求仔兔吃足奶，加快毛囊发育，促进毛纤维生长，提高产毛量。 5提…     

免疫兔暴发病毒性出血症的流行原因的调查

免疫兔暴发病毒性出血症的流行原因的调查１９９２年２月，金湖县塔集镇部分农户饲养的长毛兔暴发兔病毒性出血症。现将流行情况和原因报告如下：１流行情况１９９２年２月２１口，塔集镇高桥、塔镇两个村四个组６０个农户饲养１４４１只长毛兔，有４８个农户１２３０只兔...     

长毛兔质量是如何不断提高的

浙江省嵊州市是浙江省长毛兔生产的重点地区，饲养长毛兔历史较长。该市兔农在长期的生产实践中，不断摸索和总结，形成了一套行之有效的长毛兔高效生产技术和经验，品种质量不断提高。嵊州市畜产品公司因势利导，注重长毛兔的群选群育工作，多年来坚持组织开展长毛兔赛兔会，富有成效地推动了长毛兔的选育工作，使当地的长毛兔品种质量年年提高。不久前在嵊州市“白中王”杯长毛兔赛兔会上夺得母兔冠军的该市浦口街道招村的养兔户竹松金喜滋滋地告诉笔者，他自１９８７年始饲养长毛兔，现有存栏兔１０００多只。自９０年代开始，他年年参加…     

如何提高长毛兔产毛量和品质

兔毛是兔体表皮角质衍生物，是一种高档纺织品原料．饲养长毛兔的目的在于生产量多而质优的兔毛．因此应了解影响产毛量和品质的因素，创造适宜的生活条件，以提高饲养长毛兔的经济效益．1影响长毛兔产毛量和品质的因素1.1兔体本身因素1.1.1品种：品种的优劣决定于兔毛的产量和品质，不同品种或同品种的不同品系间兔毛长度、细度等都有很大差异，因而兔毛产量和品质也不同．长毛兔中西德长毛兔的产毛量居领先地位，法系安哥拉免产毛量中等，英系和中系安哥拉兔则较低．但近年来我国培育的一些地方品系，其兔毛产量和质量均有显著提高．1.1.2…     

长毛兔安全度夏要点

最适合长毛兔生长的温度是15℃～25℃．当兔舍、兔笼内的气温长期超过30℃时．长毛兔的心跳加快。呼吸频率增加。当兔舍或兔笼内的气温超过34℃时．长毛兔的呼吸次数增加。产毛量、生长发育和繁殖都受到极其严重的影响．并且常常发生死亡．特别是怀孕后期的母兔．更是发病早、病情重、死亡快。现将长毛兔在酷暑期的饲养管理技术介绍如下。供同行参考。     

提高长毛兔饲养效益的途径及对策

１饲养优良品种选择饲养优良品种是提高饲养长毛兔经济效益的关键。目前我县长毛兔品系主要是德系安哥拉兔,年产毛量０．７～１千克,优质毛比例较高。引种兔时,一定要注意选择优良品种。作为繁殖用的种兔,一定要纯种,切勿贪图价格低廉而购买低产劣质种兔;留种要选优...     

皖Ⅲ系长毛兔的选育研究

安徽从１９８２年开始长毛兔的为育种研究，先后育成皖（Ⅰ）系长毛兔（细毛型）、皖（Ⅱ）系粗毛兔（粗毛型）。皖（Ⅱ）系粗毛兔是在皖（Ⅰ）系长毛兔中选择粗毛率较高的个的方法，经系统选育而成，其１１月龄产毛量和粗毛率分别达２０６．５３克和１３．６９％，皖Ⅲ系长毛兔是在皖（Ⅱ）系粗毛兔的基础上，通过加强选种选配，改善饲养管理等有效措施，经过５个世代的系统选育，在保持垸（Ⅱ）系粗毛兔生长发育及繁殖性能基本稳定     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.