猪毛滴虫病病原及诊治的研究进展

猪毛滴虫病的历史较短,关于该病的研究和病例报道也较少。近年来,随着该病导致保育猪腹泻病例日益增多,猪毛滴虫病对养猪业的危害日益显现。本文就该病的病原、危害性、致病机理、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断以及防治作一综述,旨在为猪毛滴虫病的研究和防控提供参考。     

胎儿三毛滴虫研究进展

胎儿三毛滴虫病是世界乳牛业中的重要疾病,我国尚缺乏报道。本译文对我国乳牛业发展具有参考意义。牛精液中可能含有各种微生物,这在公牛或牛精液的国际贸易中,已列为一项重要的检疫项目。这类微生物种类繁多,有病毒     

特禽组织滴虫病

组织滴虫病是许多鹑、鸡等禽类盲肠与肝脏寄生虫性机能紊乱的一种疾病。此病又叫传染性盲肠肝炎或黑头病。1　发生与分布该病发生于适合鸟类生存的地方。一般来说有利于盲肠虫 (异刺线虫 )和各种蚯蚓共同存在的地域 ,本病流行更为普遍 ,有的地方在引种禽的同时带入该病。美国、加拿大、墨西哥都经常报道此病。法国、英国、意大利等国家此病也较普遍。美国最早于 1 895年发现 ,1 964～ 1 974年得到进一步阐明。国内最早于 1 965年在南京动物园的孔雀、锦鸡和珍珠鸡中发现。我省自 1 990年以后随着特禽的引入而相继发病 ,据调查在酒泉、张掖、…     

猪三毛滴虫长春株不同染色方法的比较

将从长春地区腹泻仔猪盲肠中分离得到的猪三毛滴虫用1640培养基短期培养后,使用碘染色法、瑞氏染色法、姬氏染色法、姬氏-瑞氏复染法、Weigere铁苏木素染色法和鞭毛染色法染色分别对其染色,观察不同虫体形态结构,并比较了不同染色方法的染色效果。结果显示,姬氏染色、瑞氏-姬氏复染和鞭毛染色法对猪三毛滴虫染色效果较好,可获得虫体形态完整、结构清晰的染色标本。     

胎儿三毛滴虫和猪三毛滴虫的染色体数目

胎儿三毛滴虫和猪三毛滴分离物在Ｄｉａｍｏｎｄ′ｓ培养 培养基加入不同浓度的秋水仙素,置３７℃下孵育６－８ｈ,运用低渗溶胀技术处理,用光学显微镜观察这两种三毛滴虫的染休要现,胎儿三毛滴虫和猪三毛滴虫的双倍体染色体数目是２ｎ＝１０。     

牛毛滴虫病研究现状

牛毛滴虫病是由胎儿三毛滴虫寄生于牛生殖器官内引起的一种性传播疾病,呈全世界范围流行。该病可导致感染牛不孕、死胎和断奶小牛增重减少等,给养牛业造成巨大的经济损失。近年来,一些养牛业发达的国家在牛毛滴虫病的研究方面取得了较大进展,国内目前对该病还没有引起足够的重视。论文针对这种对养牛业具重要经济价值的原虫病的病原学、致病性、流行病学、诊断及防治等方面进行综述,同时对牛感染的其他非T.foetus毛滴虫等做一简要介绍,以期为牛毛滴虫病的研究提供参考。     

雏鸡组织滴虫病病理形态学观察

组织滴虫常寄生禽类肝脏和盲肠,并导致组织溃疡,发病率近年来呈上升趋势,传播快,为了详细观察雏鸡组织滴虫病的病理变化,笔者将病死鸡、病鸡和相对健康鸡分组进行了临床症状、病理变化及实验室检查,结果显示：雏鸡组织滴虫主要侵害雏鸡盲肠和肝脏,对盲肠和肝脏损害严重,建议冬季要做好育雏舍防寒保暖工作,饲喂营养成分全的饲料增强抗病力,一旦发病,及时隔离,防止传染和蔓延。     

猪附红细胞体感染对仔猪猪瘟免疫效果的影响

为探讨猪附红细胞体对仔猪猪瘟免疫效果的影响,本试验利用猪瘟抗体检测ELISA试剂盒,对已注射猪瘟疫苗的69头感染猪附红细胞体的仔猪和31头无猪附红细胞体感染的健康仔猪进行了猪瘟抗体检测。结果表明,感染猪附红细胞体仔猪的猪瘟抗体水平低下,其猪瘟疫苗整体免疫合格率(49·2%)明显低于健康仔猪(93·5%),且显性感染仔猪的免疫合格率(41·6%)明显低于隐性感染仔猪(53·5%)。说明猪附红细胞体严重干扰了猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果,且干扰程度与猪附红细胞体的感染程度呈正相关。     

猪附红细胞体对仔猪猪瘟免疫效果的影响

为探讨猪附红细胞体对仔猪猪瘟免疫效果的影响，本试验利用猪瘟抗体检测ELISA试剂盒，对已注射猪瘟疫苗的69头感染猪附红细胞体的仔猪和31头无猪附红细胞体感染的健康仔猪进行了猪瘟抗体检测．结果表明，感染猪附红细胞体仔猪的猪瘟抗体水平低下，其猪瘟疫苗整体免疫合格率（49．2％）明显低于健康仔猪（93．5％），且显性感染仔猪的免疫合格率（41．6％）明显低于隐性感染仔猪（53．5％）、说明，猪附红细胞体严重干扰了猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果，且干扰程度随着猪附红细胞体感染程度的加深而更为明显。     

Risk factors of African swine fever virus in suspected infected pigs in smallholder farming systems in South-Kivu province,Democratic Republic of Congo

BackgroundAfrican swine fever (ASF) is an infectious viral disease of domestic pigs that presents as a hemorrhagic fever, and for which no effective vaccine is available. The disease has a serious negative social and economic impact on pig keepers. There is limited information on the potential risk factors responsible for the spread of ASF in South Kivu.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the potential risk factors associated with ASF infection in suspected ASF virus (ASFV)-infected pigs.MethodsWe sampled whole blood from 391 pigs. Additionally, 300 pig farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Viral DNA was detected by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique.ResultsThe majority of pigs sampled, 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74.4–82.6), were of local breeds. Over half, 60.4% (95% CI, 55.5–65.2), were female, and most of them, 90.5% (95% CI, 87.6–93.4), were adult pigs (> 1 year old). Viral DNA was detected in 72 of the 391 sampled pigs, indicating an overall infection rate of 18.4% (95% CI, 14.5–22.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed several risk factors positively associated with ASFV infection: feeding with swill in pen (odds ratio [OR], 3.8; 95% CI, 2.12–6.77); mixed ages of pigs in the same pen (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.99–5.57); introduction of new animals to the farm (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.91–15.28). The risk factors that were negatively (protective) correlated with ASFV positivity were the presence of male animals and the use of an in-pen breeding system.ConclusionLocal pig farmers should be encouraged to adopt proper husbandry and feeding practices in order to increase the number of ASF-free farms.     

布鲁菌病及其研究进展

布鲁菌病常发生于牛、羊、猪等家畜,且可传染给人和其他家畜,主要特征是生殖器官和胎膜发炎,从而导致繁殖障碍,给畜牧业和人类健康带来严重危害。主要结合文献对布鲁菌病相关知识进行介绍,以期为有效防控该病提供参考。     

猪瘟单克隆抗体诊断方法的研究概述

猪瘟单克隆抗体以其敏感性高、特异性强、能够识别病毒抗原结构的微小差异,同时单抗特有的理化同质性使抗原抗体反应结果便于质量控制、利于标准化和规范化等优点,在猪瘟病毒的诊断以及强弱毒鉴别诊断中得到了广泛应用,显示出良好的应用前景。本文就猪瘟单克隆抗体及其在猪瘟诊断中的应用进展作一综述。     

猪瘟诊断方法研究进展

猪瘟是危害养猪业发展的重要传染病 ,给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。随着对猪瘟研究的深入 ,人们建立了许多用于检测猪瘟病毒的方法 ,文章综述了病毒的分离、动物接种、荧光抗体检测、鸡新城疫病毒加强实验、血清中和实验、间接血凝试验、免疫酶测定技术、各种 EL ISA方法及分子生物学方法等     

安徽省猪隐孢子虫病流行病学调查

为了查明安徽省猪隐孢子虫感染与地理分布情况,选取该省10个县、市进行了猪隐孢子虫感染情况的调研。结果在58头猪的粪样中查到了隐孢子虫卵囊,其感染率为10.05%(58/577)。经鉴定,所获虫体为小隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium parvum)。该省猪的隐孢子虫感染存在年龄和地区性差异,但与性别无关。     

Laboratory decision-making during the classical swine fever epidemic of 1997-1998 in The Netherlands

The National Reference Laboratory for classical swine fever (CSF) virus in the Netherlands examined more than two million samples for CSF virus or serum antibody during the CSF epizootic of 1997–1998. The immense amount of samples and the prevalence of border disease (BD) virus and bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus infections in Dutch pig herds necessitated the diagnostic efforts of the laboratory to be focused on generating CSF specific test results throughout the eradication campaign.

Detection of 82% of the 429 outbreaks was achieved through the combined use of a direct immunofluorescence and peroxidase assay (FAT/IPA) with samples (tonsils) collected from clinically-suspected pigs. This suggests that in the majority of the outbreaks, the pigs had clinical signs that were recognised by the farmer and/or veterinarians, indicating the presence of CSF virus in a pig herd. A positive diagnosis of 74% of all the tissue samples (tonsils) collected at infected pig holdings was established by FAT. More than 140,000 heparinised blood samples were examined by virus isolation, resulting in the detection of 4.5% of the infected herds. CSF virus was isolated in approximately 29% of all the blood samples collected from pigs at infected or suspected farms.

Several serological surveys — each done within a different framework — led to the detection of 13.5% of the total number of outbreaks. The detection of CSF virus antibody in serum was carried out by semi-automated blocking ELISA. Approximately 28.5% of the sera which reacted in the ELISA were classified as CSF virus-neutralising antibody positive and 26.5% as positive for other pestiviruses following the virus neutralisation test (VNT).

We concluded that two of the CSF laboratory diagnostic methods described were determinative in the eradication campaign: first, the FAT for the screening of diseased pigs; and second, the ELISA and VNT when millions of predominantly healthy pigs needed to be screened for the presence of CSF serum antibody. Decision-making on the basis of results generated by either method can, however, be seriously hindered when samples are examined from pig herds with a high prevalence of non-CSF pestiviruses.