Nature of colchicine resistance in golden hamster

The unresponsiveness of the golden hamster to colchicine has been shown to be the result of a resistance of individual cells to the drug. This resistance makes it possible to use hamsters with heterotransplanted tumors for testing the in vivo effects of colchicine on the tumors, with no toxic host reactions.     

Amplification and expression of genes associated with multidrug resistance in mammalian cells

In multidrug resistance, which is observed clinically and in tissue culture, cells that are challenged with certain cytotoxic drugs develop resistance not only to the selective agent but also to other, seemingly unrelated, agents. The multidrug-resistant phenotype is associated with DNA sequence amplification and with the overproduction of a number of cytosolic and membrane glycoproteins. The differential amplification and altered expression of at least two related genes, termed multidrug-resistant associated genes has been shown in multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster cells. In multidrug-resistant mouse and human cells, genes homologous to those in Chinese hamster cells are also amplified. The level of expression of these genes varied and did not correlate with their copy number. Furthermore, in Chinese hamster cells, the development of resistance to a single drug and multidrug resistance were closely related, but uncoupled, events. The overexpression of the multidrug-resistant genes was better correlated with the degree of resistance to the selective agent than it was with the extent of multidrug resistance.     

Flow control among microvessels coordinated by intercellular conduction

Optimal distribution of blood flow requires coordination of vasodilation among resistance vessels. During hyperemia, blood vessels dilate upstream from the initiating stimulus. Spreading vasodilation independent of flow changes has not been previously demonstrated. In the present study, iontophoresis of acetylcholine adjacent to single hamster cheek pouch arterioles in situ (diameter, 20 to 37 micrometers) induced a rapid bidirectional dilation that was not attenuated when blood flow was eliminated with vascular occlusion. This finding indicates that a vasodilatory stimulus is conducted along the arteriole and demonstrates the existence of a mechanism of intercellular communication that is capable of coordinating diameter changes among resistance vessels.     

Interferon production and action in mouse, hamster and somatic hybrid mouse-hamster cells

A hybrid mouse-hamster cell line was developed from a mouse cell line which produces a high titer of interferon and is sensitive to its action, and a hamster cell line which produces little interferon and is relatively insensitive to its action. Parental cell lines demonstrated complete species specificity with respect to interferon production and action. The hybrid cells produced interferon (or interferons) effective when tested on the mouse cell line and primary hamster cells; the hybrids were sensitive to the action of both mouse and hamster interferons. Hybrid cells produced ten times more hamster interferon than the parent hamster cell line and were eight times more sensitive to hamster interferon than the parent hamster cell line.     

金黄地鼠超排后未排卵泡卵母细胞的成熟度和受精能力的观察

为了证实金黄地鼠超排后卵巢中未排卵卵泡卵母细胞的成熟程度和受精能力,用促性腺激素PMSG和HCG进行4次超排处理,其中选择12只超排效率低下的金黄地鼠,回收输卵管和卵巢卵母细胞,观察卵母细胞的成熟程度、体外培养成熟能力及体外受精能力。结果显示,输卵管中回收超排卵数平均为22.6±7.8枚/只,从超排后卵巢中回收卵丘扩展卵数平均为23.2±3.9枚/只,卵丘未扩展卵数平均为13.4±3.7枚/只。卵丘扩展卵经0.1%透明质酸酶消化,裸卵占86.1%,带放射冠卵占11.5±2.4%。裸卵中排出极体的成熟卵占卵丘扩展卵的80.4±2.3%,无极体裸卵占5.7±0.8%。经体外培养2h,无极体裸卵的成熟率达100%,带放射冠卵的成熟率仅为6.3±9.4%,而卵丘未扩展卵未见有成熟卵。人精子穿透试验显示,卵巢回收成熟卵的受精率44.1±6.0%,同超排卵的受精率45.4±4.7%比较,无显著差异(P<0.05)。从低超排率的金黄地鼠卵巢中可获取与超排卵数相近的成熟卵母细胞,且具有可利用于去透明带金黄地鼠卵子穿透实验(HOP)及相关发育生物学研究的潜能。     

Serum concentration: effects on cycle and x-ray sensitivity of mammalian cells

If the content of serum in the culture medium of exponentially growing Chinese hamster cells is below optimum (15 percent), the doubling time and the resistance to x-irradiation of the cells are increased. In synchronously dividing populations the increase in doubling time is primarily caused by increase in duration of the postmitotic (G(1)) phase of the cells; this phase is relatively radiation resistant. The response of the cells growing synchronously is related quantitatively to the response of the cells dividing randomly.     

Senescence of nickel-transformed cells by an X chromosome: possible epigenetic control

Transfer of a normal Chinese hamster X chromosome (carried in a mouse A9 donor cell line) to a nickel-transformed Chinese hamster cell line with an Xq chromosome deletion resulted in senescense of these previously immortal cells. At early passages of the A9/CX donor cells, the hamster X chromosome was highly active, inducing senescence in 100% of the colonies obtained after its transfer into the nickel-transformed cells. However, senescence was reduced to 50% when Chinese hamster X chromosomes were transferred from later passage A9 cells. Full senescing activity of the intact hamster X chromosome was restored by treatment of the donor mouse cells with 5-azacytidine, which induced demethylation of DNA. These results suggest that a senescence gene or genes, which may be located on the Chinese hamster X chromosome, can be regulated by DNA methylation, and that escape from senescence and possibly loss of tumor suppressor gene activity can occur by epigenetic mechanisms.     

Inhibition of sperm-egg interaction by specific antibody

Treatment of hamster ova, in vitro, with ovary specific antibody interferes with sperm-egg interaction by inhibiting sperm attachment to the zona pellucida and subsequent zona penetration. This inhibition results from precipitation of the zona by the specific antibody.     

猪─仓鼠杂种细胞中猪染色体鉴定

对猪与仓鼠细胞融合形成的一稳定的杂种细胞系进行染色体分析,Ｇ１１ 染色显示该杂种细胞中具有１ 条猪的染色体和２１ 条仓鼠染色体,经ＰＣＲ 检测确证该杂种细胞中含有猪１２ 号染色体     

黑线仓鼠胴体重长指标的研究

黑线仓鼠（Ｃｒｉｃｅｔｕｌｕｓｂａｒａｂｅｎｓｉｓ）是华北平原最主要的农田害鼠之一，本文用胴体重代替体重采用数理统计方法，分析了其胴体重与体长之比（即胴体重长指标）的年龄、性别、季节、年度变化，结果除年度变化外，均发现有显著性差异，雄性的该值较雌性的大得多，同性相比，Ⅳ龄组最大，在１９８７１９８９年间的种群密度下，其胴体重长指标与种群密度间没有相关关系     

Heat-labile serum factor required for immunofluorescence of polyoma tumor antigens

The immunofluorescent demonstration of polyoma tumor antigens in tumor cells requires a heatlabile serum component. With unheated hamster tumor serum, specific fluorescence was observed in polyoma-transformed hamster, mouse, and rat tumor cells. Heated serum usually gave little or no reactivity; the activity of such heated serum could be restored simply by the addition of fresh normal unheated hamster serum.     

Hemorrhagic disease in rodents infected with virus associated with Thai hemorrhagic fever

KLA 16 virus, recovered from a child with Thailand hemorrhagic fever, produces infant mouse, rat, and hamster disease that is characterized by spontaneous bleeding at multiple sites, notably in the gastrointestinal tract, and by marked abnormalities in hemostatic mechanisms. This virus differs in this respect from Chikungunya virus to which it is immunologically similar and from other Thai hemorrhagic fever viruses.     

Alpha-naphthoflavone: an inhibitor of hydrocarbon cytotoxicity and microsomal hydroxylase

Alpha-naphthoflavone inhibits the metabolism of 3,4-benzopyrene and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in hamster enlbryo cell cultures and protects the cells against the inhibition of cell multiplication by these carcinogens. Alphla-nalphthoflavone also inhibits the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in homogenates of induced hamster embryo cells and in liver microsomes from rats previously treated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, but not in microsomes from control rats.     

近红外量子点表皮生长因子单克隆抗体荧光探针对金黄地鼠颊黏膜癌变过程的动态可视化荧光成像研究

目的 利用近红外量子点表皮生长因子单克隆抗体荧光探针对由9,10-二甲基1,2苯并蒽（9,10-dimethylen-1,2-benzanthracene,DMBA）诱导建立的金黄地鼠颊黏膜癌变过程进行动态可视化荧光成像研究。方法 （1）用0.5%DMBA丙酮液诱导建立金黄地鼠颊黏膜癌变各期模型;（2）将水溶性近红外荧光量子点（QD800）表面功能性的修饰藕连表皮生长因子受体单克隆抗体（EGFR mAb）后,形成具有靶向功能性的QD800-EGFR mAb荧光探针;（3）将QD800-EGFR mAb经金黄地鼠各期癌变模型尾静脉注射入血液循环系统以靶向适配原理显示其颊黏膜动态癌变过程荧光图像。结果 （1）QD800-EGFR mAb能够通过血液循环系统与金黄地鼠颊黏膜癌变细胞上的EGFR特异性的靶向适配并荧光显影;（2）QD800-EGFR mAb显示的荧光图像随着金黄地鼠颊黏膜癌变程度的加深而增强,且能准确地显示癌灶的形状及浸润深度。结论 QD800-EGFR mAb通过与口腔癌不同癌变阶段癌细胞表面的EGFR靶向性适配结合来显示个体化荧光图像,可能对以后临床研究口腔癌的发生发展及转移规律发挥巨大的影响。     

完整顶体精子注入卵细胞后对胚胎发育的影响

分别注射1、3、5个顶体完整的人精子于金黄地鼠卵中,对照组同时注射数量相等的无顶体精子,观察卵活化、受精及后期发育情况.结果发现随着注入精子数量的增加,卵发育的异常率显著增加,而注射无顶体精子组,无论注射精子数量为多少,均无异常发生.此外,注射多个精子于金黄地鼠卵中时,多原核(PN)形成率顶体完整组明显低于无顶体组(P...     

Prenylated proteins: the structure of the isoprenoid group

The mevalonate-derived portion of a prenylated protein from Chinese hamster ovary cells has been established as diterpenoid (C20). This group is linked to a carboxyl-terminal cysteine as a thioether. It was removed from the protein by hydrazinolysis followed by Raney nickel desulfurization, and the resulting hydrocarbon fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.     

Temporal coordination of DNA replication with enzyme synthesis in diploid and heteroploid cells

The rate of DNA synthesis in the S phase of growth of synchronized diploid Chinese hamster cells shows two maximums, while in heteroploid hamster cells the DNA replication rate is constant. In diploid cells a reciprocal relationship exists between maximum DNA synthetic rates and maximum lactate dyhydrogenase and thymidine kinase enzyme levels. Enzyme activity in heteroploid cells increases continuously through the cell cycle with no evidence of oscillations. It seems possible that these differences in molecular organization may accompany or precede the transition to heteroploidy.     

Viral neoplastic transformation of hamster pineal cells in vitro: retention of enzymatic function

Cultures of hamster pineal tissue infected with certain oncogenic DNA viruses undergo neoplastic transformation and produce tumors when injected into homologous hosts. Hydroxyindole-O-methyl transferase, an enzyme found exclusively in the pineal gland, is present in low concentrations in transformed pineal cells in vitro and in larger amounts in tumors produced by the injected cells. This enzyme is not present in several nonpineal tissues similarly transformed.     

Immunologic manipulation of metastases due to herpesvirus transformed cells

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2 (HSV-2), and simian virus 40 (SV40) fail to induce immunity in weanling Syrian hamsters to transplant of hamster cells transformed by HSV-2. However, the development of metastatic tumors is markedly enhanced by prior immunization with HSV-1. Immunization with SV40, ultraviolet-irradiated tumor cells, or ultraviolet-irradiated normal hamster embryo cells inhibits the development of metastases. The HSV-hamster system appears a good one for the study of development, prevention, and control of metastases by mammalian cells transformed by a common human virus.     

Brown and white fats: development in the hamster

Sites occupied by multilocular brown fat in the adult hamster are occupied by unilocular cells in very young animals. Immature brown fat cells are laid down in the unilocular cell matrix at 3 to 5 days of age. White fat in the hamster does not develop from cells closely resembling mature brown fat.