南江黄羊与本地山羊的杂交效果试验

南江黄羊是国内比较有名的肉用山羊品种之一,体型大,生长快,抗病力强;苍南本地山羊个体小,生长慢,但适应性较强.苍南县石坪乡黄道松羊场采用黄×本杂交已繁殖杂种羊90余头,经2年多的饲养,效果良好.现将试验情况报告如下. 1 饲养管理羊场位于海边山地,牧草资源丰富,试验采用全年放牧饲养.种羊舍为半敞开式,木栅漏缝地板.分娩前后的母羊单栏舍饲,加喂适量精料;种公羊在配种期间除放牧饲养外,适量补喂鸡蛋拌精料.自配精料(%)为米糠60,豆粕36,鱼粉2.5,食盐0.9,微量元素0.6.     

桂牧1口号等三种牧草饲养山羊试验研究

利用桂牧1号、矮象草、野杂草3种牧草进行为期70d的山羊饲养试验,试验结果表明,试验组喂桂牧1号日均只增重63.6g,对照组喂矮象草日均只增重42.8g,对照组喂杂草日均只增重35g.     

日粮中添加微生物添加剂对山羊促长效果的试验

为了研究微生物添加剂对山羊生产性能的影响。将18只羊体重12千克左右的山羊随机分为对照组和试验组,每组9只。试验组每天每只加喂10克微生物添加剂,对照组不喂。经30天的饲养结果表明:试验组比对照组平均日增重多29.08g。结论:微生物添加剂对山羊有一定的促长效果。     

一起山羊羔阿维菌素中毒的诊治

1发病情况 2003年4月18日下午都兰县香日德镇扎某用阿维菌素(桂林集琦药业股份有限公司制造，批号为20011008)为其所饲养的38只山羊羔(2～3月龄，体重约6kg左右)驱虫灭虱；该牧民在投药时每只山羊羔喂10mg(按实际应喂2mg)，次日上午全部出现中毒症状。     

波尔山羊泰勒虫病的发生与诊治

为了改良土种山羊，迭部县于2003年11月从陕西引进三代波尔山羊8只(公羊2只，母羊6只)，饲养在县良种场，舍饲圈养，饲喂青干草、精料。2004年2月前后产羔3只，2004年4月底，因青干草喂完牧草已长高而采用放牧饲养，5月11日后陆续有8只波尔山羊发生泰勒虫病，经及时治疗，全部痊愈，现将发病及诊疗情况报告如下。     

基层畜牧兽医机构对一例羊传染性口疮事件的处置与治疗

<正>2019年5月末我镇一养殖户饲养的山羊相继出现流延、口腔溃烂、腹泻等临床症状。经过对症治疗后,有一只因为脱水严重引起死亡。1临床症状及诊治过程根据畜主叙述家里养了20多只山羊,其中有3～4只2个月左右的羊出现了拉稀、涨肚、不吃不反刍的症状,之前喂干料这几天喂了青绿饲料。畜主自己在家给羊喂了些口服液,不见好转。     

育成期波尔山羊在江苏沿海地区适应性观察

波尔山羊原产于南非。该地区绝大部分属于热带草原气候 ,夏季炎热干燥 ,冬季湿润多雨 ,全年平均气温在 2 0℃以上 ,冬季最低气温 5℃。江苏沿海地区是典型的亚热带季风气候 ,一年中四季明显。冬季寒冷 ,气温低达 - 7℃～ - 1 0℃。常年光照、积温明显低于南非。由于两地区气候差较大 ,波尔山羊在生长、初情期、气候适应性方面 ,应该有一定的差异。为此 ,我们对其进行了饲养观察。1　生长速度1 .1　饲养管理全封闭双列式羊舍 ,外设运动场。投喂干山芋藤、青干草、葫萝卜 ,每日补喂 2 50克饲料。引进的羊全部进行驱虫。1 .2　观察时间引种时间…     

一例牛羊尿素中毒的诊治及体会

2007年9月15日,安溪县城厢镇上营村饲养户王某饲养的25头牛和18只本地山羊,在补喂尿素后有25头牛和13只羊发生急性中毒,肉牛死亡5头,山羊死亡2只,经急救处理后其余牛羊恢复健康。现将诊治情况及体会总结如下。     

提高山羊人工授精受胎率的几点体会

提高山羊人工授精受胎率,是提高养羊经济效益的一项关键措施。笔者根据多年的工作实践,谈以下几点体会。1加强母山羊的饲养管理,促其早发情在山东半岛地区,气候温和,饲草饲料资源丰富,饲养条件优越,山羊可全年发情,但以春秋两季为主。满足山羊各个生长阶段的营养需要,尤其是配种季节的营养需要,强化护理使其少生病或不生病,促使山羊早发情便成了饲养管理的关键。在饲料上可采取以下措施:1.1秋冬乏青季节多喂优质牧草如干青草、花生秧、玉米秸、豆科牧草秸秆等,保持山羊适当膘情。1.2多放牧,让山羊自由采食青草、牧草、树叶等这样山羊既能得…     

桂牧1号等三种牧草饲养山羊试验研究

利用桂牧1号、矮象草、野杂草3种牧草进行为期70d的山羊饲养,试验结果表明,试验组喂桂牧1号日只增重63.6g,对照组喂矮象草日只增重42.8g,对照组喂杂草日均只增重35g。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.