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1.
甜菜遗传单粒型多倍体杂交种甜单303的选育 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
甜单303是甜菜遗传单粒型多倍体杂交种.该品种在2002~2003年的黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验中,16点次的平均块根产量为39877.8kg/hm2,比对照种甜研303和甜单二号平均高12.16%;平均含糖率16.47%,比对照低0.46度;平均理论产糖量为6667.5 kg/hm2,比对照高8.77%.在2003年的黑龙江省甜菜品种生产示范试验中,4个试验点平均块根产量为41273.9 kg/hm2,比对照种甜单二号提高17.88%;平均含糖率16.89%,比对照低0.52度;平均理论产糖量为7135.6 kg/hm2,比对照高14.18%.该品种抗褐斑病性与对照种相仿.2004年初通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定命名. 相似文献
2.
H809是黑龙江省九三科研所引自荷兰安地公司的二倍体单粒型杂交种。2008年进行鉴定试验,平均块根产量52364.8kg/hm2,比对照甜研309增产28.9%;平均含糖率为17.7%,比对照低0.7度;平均产糖量9268.6 kg/hm2,比对照品种增糖24.0%。2009-2011年,参加黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验和生产试验,平均根产量分别为55987.9 kg/hm2和57260.2 kg/hm2,比对照品种增产13.1%和11.1%;平均含糖率分别为15.9%和17.3%,比对照品种分别高0.1和0.4度;平均产糖量分别为8959.7 kg/hm2和9865.9 kg/hm2,比对照提高13.9%和13.7%。该品种丰产性好、产糖量高、抗褐斑病、根腐病,糖汁纯度高。适宜种植区域:哈尔滨、绥化、佳木斯、齐齐哈尔、黑河等地。 相似文献
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甜菜多倍体新品种甜研310的选育 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
甜研310是以四倍体红色胚轴品系甜4N092R为母本,二倍体绿色胚轴品系甜202G为父本,按31∶比例配制而成的多胚三倍体杂交品种,在2003~2004年黑龙江省品种区域试验中,甜研310平均根产量39925.2kg/hm2,比统一对照甜研309增产9.6%;平均含糖率17.68%,高于对照0.07度;平均产糖量7151.7kg/hm2,比对照提高10.3%。多点试验表明,该品种适宜种植地区为黑龙江、内蒙古、新疆等甜菜主产区。2006年2月通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定命名。 相似文献
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吉能源甜菜1号是以单胚品系DTN 162-3-11为母本,二倍体多胚品系HRR7为父本,按3∶1比例自然杂交而成。该品种在2008—2010年吉林省甜菜品种区域试验中,平均根产量为45627.6kg/hm2,比对照品种HYB74增产7.5%;含糖率为17.2%,比对照高1.6度,差异显著;产糖量为7836.5kg/hm2,比对照提高16.9%;乙醇产量4411.5kg/hm2,比对照提高18.2%。吉能源甜菜1号稳定性好,抗逆性强,适于东北西部及蒙东地区种植。 相似文献
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甜菜新品种新甜18号的选育 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
新甜18号是石河子甜菜研究所选育的抗丛根病二倍体雄性不育多粒型杂交种,在2006~2007年新疆维吾尔自治区甜菜品种区域试验中,两年14个点次的块根产量平均为82156.5kg/hm2,比对照KWS2409增产3.99%,含糖率平均15.21%,比对照低0.09度.产糖量平均12745.5kg/hm2,比对照增糖4.3%.在丛根病抗性鉴定中,两年平均块根产量为102182.3kg/hm2,比对照KWS2409增产33.92%,含糖率15.10%,比对照低0.08,度产糖量平均18475.5kg/hm2,较对照增糖35.0%.该品种丰产性能稳定,抗病性强,适应范围广. 相似文献
6.
ZD210是德国KWS公司和中国农业科学院甜菜研究所合作选育的甜菜二倍体多胚雄不育杂交种。在2002~2003年的国家甜菜品种区试中,全国两年34个点次平均根产量61950.8 kg/hm2,比对照品种提高25.3%;平均含糖率16.4%,比对照品种低0.2度;平均产糖量10128.6 kg/hm2,比对照品种提高24.6%;对根腐病的抗性明显优于对照品种,对褐斑病、黄化毒病和白粉病的抗性与对照品种相当。在2002~2003年的黑龙江省区试中,两年15个点次平均根产量41104.9 kg/hm2,比对照品种提高20.3%;平均含糖率17.0%,比对照品种低0.6度;平均产糖量6978.2 kg/hm2,比对照品种提高15.8%。褐斑病病情为0.5级,根腐病罹病率为1.2%,明显低于对照品种。该品种适宜在东北、西北和华北三大甜菜产区种植推广。 相似文献
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由荷兰引进的甜菜多倍体单胚种奥维特(OVATIO)在黑龙江省经过5年试验,2000~2002年参加黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验和生产试验,平均根产量分别为44491.4kg/hm2和45948.1kg/hm2,比对照增产25.6%和32.3%;平均含糖率为16.64%和18.06%,比对照低0.83度和0.63度;平均产糖量为7321.8kg/hm2和8376.6kg/hm2,比对照提高20.1%和28.5%。抗褐斑病、耐根腐病、苗期立枯病发病率低,适应性强。适宜在黑龙江省的黑河、齐齐哈尔、绥化、佳木斯、牡丹江等地区种植。 相似文献
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丰产优质抗病甜菜新品种ZM202的选育 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ZM202是美国BetaSeed公司和中国农业科学院甜菜研究所合作选育的甜菜二倍体多胚雄不育杂交种。该品种丰产性突出,含糖性状优良,抗丛根病,耐根腐病和褐斑病,适应性广,块根品质好。在2005~2006年的黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验中,两年14个试验点次平均根产量44019.2kg/hm2,比对照品种甜研309提高37.2%;平均含糖率16.4%,比对照品种低0.8度;平均产糖量7285.6kg/hm2,比对照品种提高31.7%;对丛根病、根腐病的抗性明显优于对照品种,对褐斑病的抗性与对照品种相当。在2007年的黑龙江省甜菜品种生产试验中,5个试验点ZM202平均根产量45754.2kg/hm2,比对照品种甜研309提高48.7%;平均含糖率17.1%,比对照品种低0.2度;平均产糖量7729.2kg/hm2,比对照品种提高45.2%。该品种适宜在黑龙江省的齐齐哈尔、哈尔滨、大庆、黑河等甜菜产区种植推广。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
13.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
16.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
17.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
18.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
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Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献
20.
Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献