抗CP型、NCP型牛病毒性腹泻病毒高免卵黄抗体的制备

本研究采用致细胞病变（cytopathic,CP）型牛病毒性腹泻病毒（bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）标准毒和非致细胞病变（noncytopathic,NCP）型新疆优势毒株免疫产蛋鸡,用改良PEG法提取卵黄抗体(IgY),并对提取的IgY采用SDS-PAGE检测纯度,间接ELISA检测免疫后每隔7 d的抗体效价,并测定所得抗体对NCP型BVDV的中和效价。结果表明,用该法提取的IgY纯度较高;间接ELISA结果证明,经过4次免疫后,抗CP型BVDV的效价达到1∶32000,抗NCP型BVDV的效价达到1∶40000,3个月后再次检测,卵黄抗体效价未见明显下降。最后一次免疫14 d的抗体对NCP型BVDV的中和效价达到1×10_^-3。     

柑橘大实蝇的发生及综合防治

柑橘大实蝇是柑橘生产的重大害虫,目前柑橘大实蝇疫情呈逐年加重趋势,特别是“蛆柑事件”（大实蝇幼虫）给广大橘农造成了巨大的经济损失,严重制约了柑橘产业的健康发展。本文论述了柑橘大实蝇的形态特征、发生规律、传播途径和综合防控措施。     

Immunogenicity of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV1) and equine rhinovirus type 1 (ERhV1) following inactivation by betapropiolactone (BPL) and ultraviolet (UV) light

Some kinetic data on the inactivation of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV1) and equine rhinovirus type 1 (ERhV1) by betapropiolactone (BPL) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation are reported. 0.25% BPL at 37 degrees C for 1 h reduced the titre of EHV1 by greater than 10(3 . 4) and of ERhV1 by greater than 10(4 . 1) TCID50/ml. UV irradiation (334 microW/cm2) produced similar reductions in titre after 2 min. These data were used as a basis for inactivating EHV1 and ERhV1 by the combined action of BPL and UV irradiation. Viruses were exposed to 0.1% BPL for 1 h at 4 degrees C with constant stirring, followed by UV irradiation for 2 min, followed by incubation for 3 h at 37 degrees C. Inactivated EHV1 elicited secondary immune responses only in horses whereas ERhV1 produced primary immune responses in mice (including athymic nu/nu mice), rabbits and probably in horses.     

乳铁蛋白及乳铁蛋白肽的基因工程研究进展

近年来,随着对乳铁蛋白和乳铁蛋白肽作用机制和空间结构的研究趋于成熟,国内外研究者逐渐将研究重点倾向于乳铁蛋白和乳铁蛋白肽的开发应用.主要介绍了乳铁蛋白和乳铁蛋白肽基因工程的研究进展,尤其是对原核表达系统和真核表达系统进行了综述.     

Hemolytic assay for goat (caprine) and swine (porcine) complement

Optimal conditions for assaying hemolytic complement of goat (caprine) and swine (porcine) sera were determined. Effects of the following were tested: pH, ionic strength, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations, time and temperature of incubation, and ethylenediamine tetracetate concentration. Guinea pig erythrocytes sensitized with goat or cattle antibodies were the most sensitive target cells for goat complement. Sheep and cattle erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit hemolysin were the best target cells for swine complement. Barbital buffer, pH 7.3, ionic strength of 90 nmM relative salt concentration, containing 0.5 mM CaCl2 and 1 mM MgCl2 was the best for swine complement assay. Goat complement lysed best in a barbital buffer, pH 8, ionic strength of 90 to 120 mM of relative salt concentration, in presence of 0.5 mM CaCl2 and 1 mM MgCl2. The optimal incubation temperature was 37 degrees C for both complements. The complement dependent lysis required 75 minutes to reach its maximum. Ethylenediamine tetracetate in 4 mM concentration completely inhibited lysis by both species complements. The CH50 for goat sera varied between 18 and 75 per ml, in swine sera between 75 and 210 per ml.     

坏死梭杆菌外膜蛋白基因的克隆与表达

依据GenBank中登录的坏死梭杆菌外膜蛋白(outer membrane protein,OMP)基因序列,设计1对引物进行PCR扩增OMP片段并克隆至pET-28a中,构建原核表达重组质粒pET-28a-OMP。将pET-28a-OMP转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态中,表达含2个His的重组蛋白。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析结果表明,该重组蛋白分子质量为93 ku,为包涵体表达,具有反应原性。本试验结果为坏死梭杆菌OMP免疫机制的研究提供了基础数据。     

不同脱毒剂脱玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素的试验

研究6种脱毒剂(1号、2号、3号、4号、5号和6号)的体外脱毒效果,采用竞争性直接酶联免疫吸附测试方法(ELISA)分别测定脱毒前后霉变玉米中呕吐毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮的含量,并计算其相应毒素的下降率,旨在为饲料厂家选择优质脱毒剂提供参考依据。试验结果表明,6种脱毒剂脱玉米赤霉烯酮的效果从好到差依次为5号、4号、3号、2号、6号和1号;6种脱毒剂脱呕吐毒素的效果从好到差依次为5号、2号、4号、3号、6号和1号。     

Protogynous hermaphroditism in Chrysoblephus laticeps (Cuvier) and C. cristiceps (Cuvier) (Teleostei: Sparidae)

A histological study of the gonads of two sparid fishes, Chrysoblephus laticeps and C. cristiceps showed that these species are protogynous hermaphrodites. Both species are also monandric in which all males are derived from functional females. Intersexual individuals were restricted to a narrow size range between females and males, and no evidence for simultaneous hermaphroditism was found. Similar to other sparids, the development of the ovary and testis was delimited by a connective tissue layer.     

Molecular and morphometric study of metacercariae and adults of Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Opisthorchiidae) from roach (Rutilus rutilus) and wild American mink (Mustela vison)

The presence of metacercariae and adults of the trematode Pseudamphistomum truncatum in roach and mink, respectively, was recorded in Lake Fure North of Copenhagen, Denmark. This zoonotic digenean opisthorchiid represents a threat to humans due to its ability to infect the biliary system following ingestion of inadequately processed infected fish. Therefore precise species identification of infective metacercariae in fish used for human consumption is essential. Due to the relatively limited information on metacercarial identity obtained by morphometric studies a series of molecular techniques were used to link the larval parasite in fish with the un-equivocally diagnosed adults in the biliary system of the mink. By the use of carefully selected polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and subsequent sequencing of the ITS region from both metacercariae and adults full sequence identity of both metacercariae and adults were confirmed. The presence of this parasitosis in fish from a lake used for both commercial and recreational fisheries call for hygienic alerts in order to prevent accidental human infection with this opisthorchiid.     

Euthanasia of mink (Mustela vison) by means of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2)

The time periods and the behavioural pattern of mink euthanized with carbon dioxide (CO2), 100% and 70%, carbon monoxide (CO), 4%, and nitrogen (N2), 100%, are described. The time between the placement of the animal in a glass box and the first symptoms of incoordination (phase I), the period of loss of consciousness (phase II), and, finally, the coma phase until cessation of respiration (phase III) using three groups each of 10 pastel male mink each were recorded. Phase I times ranged from 14 s for CO2, 31 s for N2, and 49 s for CO. In phase II, the difference was even more pronounced, being 5 s for CO2, 15 s for CO, and 45 s for N2. In phase III, the time was 58 s for N2, 134 s and 151 s for CO2 and CO respectively. Hence, the critical period from the time when the animals were placed in the glass box till unconsciousness occurred (phase I and II) was 19 s for CO2, 64 s for CO, and 76 s for N2. The total course of euthanasia was 153 s for CO2, 215 s for CO, and 134 s for N2. The following minimum times will be required before it can be judged to be safe to remove the animals: CO2 and N2: 5 min, and for CO: 6.5 min. In a supplementary experiment, involving a mixture of 70% CO2 and 30% atmospheric air, it was not possible within the allotted time to kill adult male mink.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

乳铁蛋白及乳铁蛋白肽结构抗菌功能及基因表达

乳铁蛋白 (LF)是一种天然的铁结合蛋白。乳铁蛋白肽 (Lfcin)是从LF上被胃蛋白酶水解下来的 2 5个氨基酸残基的小肽。本文综述了LF和Lfcin的结构、抗菌功能和基因表达调控的研究进展     

高粱-苏丹草杂交种研究与利用前景

高粱、苏丹草杂种优势非常明显，杂交种产量高、品质好、抗逆性强、具有较好的适应性、在畜牧、水产养殖业及资源利用与环境保护上有着广阔的开发利用前景，大力发展高粱－苏丹草杂交种生产顺序经济发展大趋势，对21世纪我国农业的可持续发展具有深远的意义。     

Whey acidic protein (WAP) depresses the proliferation of mouse (MMT) and human (MCF-7) mammary tumor cells

We previously reported that the enforced expression of exogenous whey acidic protein (WAP) significantly inhibited the proliferation of mouse mammary epithelial cells (HC11 and EpH4/H6 cells). This paper presents the first evidence that WAP also depresses the proliferation of mammary tumor cells from mouse (MMT cells) and human (MCF-7 cells). We established WAP-clonal MMT and MCF-7 cell lines, and confirmed the secretion of WAP from the WAP-clonal cells into culture medium. The enforced expression of WAP significantly inhibited the proliferation of MMT and MCF-7 cells in in vitro culture. FACScan analyses revealed that G0/G1 phase cell-cycle progression was disordered and elongated in the WAP-clonal MMT and MCF-7 cells compared to that of the control cells. The expression of cyclin D1 was significantly decreased in the WAP-clonal MMT and MCF-7 cells, suggesting that progression from the G1 to the S phase was delayed in the WAP-clonal cells. The present results indicate that WAP plays a negative regulatory role in the cell-cycle progression of mammary tumor cells via a paracrine mechanism.