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章鱼(Octopus)及头足类(Caphalopoda)的生产和消费对章鱼养殖的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过对世界章鱼及头足类的生产和消费进行分析发现,阿根廷、摩洛哥、日本是头足类主要生产国,其中,摩洛哥、日本是章鱼主要生产国。世界的头足类消费国主要为日本、韩国、阿根廷等,其中日本是章鱼的主要消费国,其次为韩国等。上世纪章鱼产量逐渐提高.2000年达到顶峰。此后逐年下降,价格逐渐上扬。头足类。特别是章鱼的消费,与地区性和民族性有关,地中海区域及东亚和东南亚是消费章鱼及头足类的主要区域。头足类,特别是章鱼的消费,与国家的经济发展水平有关。随着东亚及东南亚,特别是中国的经济发展,头足类,特别是章鱼的消费量将逐渐增大。为了解决资源减少和消费量增大的矛盾,进行章鱼的人工养殖将是必然.作为世界加工厂的中国。为了满足逐渐增大的章鱼加工原料的需求,更应该进行真蛸的研究和养殖。 相似文献
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章鱼是海洋大型软体动物。隶属软体动物门,头足纲,八腕目,蛸科(Octopdidae),主要营底栖生活在海底爬行,也能凭借漏斗喷水的反作用短暂游行于底层海水中。有短距离的生殖和越冬洄游习性,以龙虾、虾蛄、蟹类、贝类和底栖鱼类为为食。章鱼的营养丰富,肉味鲜美。 相似文献
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史氏鲟人工繁殖及养殖技术(连载) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
史氏鲟的一般生物学特点 鲟鱼类是一群大中型的经济鱼类,广泛分布于北回归线以北的水域中。史氏鲟为近代世界上尚存的26种鲟形目鱼类之一,隶属于硬骨鱼纲,辐鳍亚纲,软骨硬鳞总目,鲟形目,鲟科,鲟亚科,鲟属。鲟鱼是一相当古老的生物类群,因此有“活化石”之称,在有机体和生活环境相统一的生物演化规律支配下,经历了无数世代的生态适应和自然选择,现代鲟鱼类具备了与大多数硬骨鱼所不同的性状和特征。 一、形体结构特点 史氏鲟体延长,呈圆锥形,外被5行骨板,其中背板1行,数量11-19行;侧板2行,左右各1行,每行30… 相似文献
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苏氏圆腹mang鲇Pangasius sutchi(Fowler)隶属于鲢科.Pangasiidae,原产于印度、东南亚一带,是一种肉质好、体形大、生长速度快的优良淡水养殖品种,是泰国池塘、湖泊及网箱养殖的主要品种之一。1978年6月,我们从泰国引进的鱼苗213尾,平均体长为2.12厘米,平均体重为0.89克, 相似文献
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P.M. DOMINGUES N. LÓPEZ J.A. MUÑOZ T. MALDONADO G. GAXIOLA & C. ROSAS 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2007,13(4):273-280
The effect of a dry pelleted diet on growth of the Yucatan octopus (Octopus maya) was determined and compared with crab diet (Callinectes spp). Two groups of 15 wild collected animals were used. Octopuses were placed in isolation, in a flow‐through system composed of 30 circular tanks (80 L), with a bottom of 40 cm in diameter and a water depth of 80 cm. Experiment lasted 40 days, and octopuses were weighed every 10 days to determine growth rates. Octopuses were fed between 7% and 10% body weight (BW) per day, twice a day at 9:00 h and 17:00 h. Uneaten food was removed after 4 h in the tanks and weighed, to determine food ingestion and conversion. No mortality as a result of natural causes was observed. The 15 octopuses fed on frozen crabs and the 15 fed on the artificial diet had similar weights (P > 0.05) at the start of the experiment, of 486.2 ± 214.8 and 472.5 ± 228.3 g, respectively. At the end of the experiment, octopuses fed on frozen crabs weighed 1466.5 ± 484.0 g, and were significantly larger (P < 0.05), than octopuses fed on artificial diets (438.9 ± 202.6 g). Growth rates for the experiment were of 3.3 ± 0.2 and –0.0 ± 0.3% BW per day, for octopuses fed frozen crabs and the artificial diet, respectively. The artificial diet did not promote growth, but animals did not loose weight and more important, ate regularly all the food supplied, with feeding rates higher than reported in the literature for prepared diets. This makes O. maya a good research animal for the development of artificial diets for cephalopods. 相似文献
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通过对细角滨对虾的人工繁育试验,总结其人工繁殖和幼体培育技术;阐述了亲虾培育、暂养促熟,育苗水质管理及生产中的操作方法;讨论了细角滨对虾的繁殖特点,水环境与亲虾繁殖的关系,实行生态育苗的必要性等。 相似文献
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赤眼鳟人工繁殖与苗种培育技术 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
试验进行了野生赤眼鳟(Squaliobarbus curriculus)的人工驯养、繁殖及苗种培育,并对其受精卵的胚胎发育情况进行了观察,结果表明:单独使用或组合使用促黄体素释放激素类似物(LRH-A2)、马来酸地欧酮(DOM),以胸腹注射法进行一针或两针人工催产,效果都较好,效应时间一般随水温升高而缩短,24℃~27.5℃一针注射后的效应时间为10~12 h;22℃~23℃两针注射(距第二针)的效应时间为8h左右;浮盘与水泥池组合式孵化方式合理、可靠,3年累计孵出鱼苗218.2万尾;赤眼鳟的孵化时间与水温呈负相关,水温越高,孵化时间越短,在21~24℃时,一般需32 h孵出,而当水温上升至24~27.5℃时,则仅需20~24h即可出膜;鱼种培育阶段,生长较快,冬片鱼种规格也能达到10 cm~15 cm,3年累计育出赤眼鳟冬片鱼种22.81万尾,平均成活率达82.95%. 相似文献
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斑鳜的人工繁殖与苗种培育试验 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
2005-2006年,进行了斑鳜的人工繁殖和苗种培育试验.试验结果表明,催产斑鳜亲鱼18组,雌鱼平均体质量380 g.催产率83%;获受精卵10.85万粒,受精率75%;获水花6.62万尾,孵化率61%.水花于水泥池中养至平均全长2.0cm 苗种成活率72%;平均全长2.0 cm苗种养至平均全长5.0 cm苗种成活率88.5%,1334 m<'2>池塘放养平均全长2.0锄苗种6200尾,经93 d养殖,收获鱼种4371尾,平均全长12.66 cm.平均体质量32.39 g,养殖成活率70.5%. 相似文献
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镜泊湖蒙古鲌人工繁育技术初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从镜泊湖采捕野生蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus mongolicus)32尾进行了人工繁殖试验。结果显示,注射人工合成激素可促使成熟亲鱼自然发情产卵,水温22~25℃时,催产药物的效应时间为10 h,有5尾雌鱼产卵,共获得受精卵1.5×105粒,孵出鱼苗1.25×105尾,其受精率、孵化率和畸形率为83.6%、90.3%和6.7%。镜泊湖蒙古鲌是产黏性卵的鱼类,吸水膨胀后卵径为(1.42±0.04)mm(n=30),水温23~24℃时,从卵授精到开始破膜出苗约38 h。镜泊湖蒙古鲌的鱼苗可采用土池发塘培育,饲养30 d体长达(3.24±0.29)cm,体重达(0.35±0.09)g,饲养100 d体长为(5.96±0.33)cm,体重为(2.28±0.32)g。 相似文献
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Margarita C Pérez Daniel A López Karina Aguila & María Luisa González 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(6):550-555
The effect of diet on the growth and survival in captivity of the octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus Gould, 1852 was researched to establish culture potential. This is one of two commercially important octopus species that inhabit the Chilean coast. A positive energy budget, averaging 678 J day?1 g of dry weight (dw), was recorded in specimens maintained in tanks and fed ad libitum on a diet of three species of crustacean decapods. On the other hand, the energy budget of octopus specimens fed on the mussel Mytilus chilensis (Hupé) was negative, averaging ?250.90 J day?1 g dw?1. Ingestion rates varied between diets (t=46.45; d.f.=18; P<0.001), but no variations were recorded in energy loss resulting from metabolism (t=0.67; d.f.=16; P>0.05) or ammonia excretion (t=1.39; d.f.=16; P>0.05). An average instantaneous growth rate (IGR) of between 1.96% and 0.49% was recorded in specimens fed on crustaceans, depending on the size of the octopus and the period of time. The IGR in specimens fed on mussels was ?0.32±0.05. The IGR of specimens fed on crustaceans and maintained in suspended systems was 1.36±0.9%. The mean mortality with crustacean and mussel diets was 11.07±5.5% and 74±1% respectively. The results indicate that E. megalocyathus can survive and grow in captivity, both in tanks and in suspended systems, when fed on a diet of crustaceans. 相似文献