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水稻越冬品系的耐冷性鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以4个水稻越冬品系和4个籼稻品种(对照)为材料,检测了低温胁迫条件下水稻幼苗的生理生化特性。结果显示,经低温胁迫,越冬品系的幼苗存活率极显著高于对照品种,幼苗存活率最高的是SW-2(95.31%),最低的是对照品种桂99(1.67%),4个越冬品系平均幼苗存活率比4个对照品种高出71.12个百分点。低温胁迫后越冬品系的相对电导率小于对照品种,黄化幼苗的转绿能力强于对照品种。水稻幼苗在低温胁迫后丙二醛(MDA)含量都有所增加,但越冬品系比对照品种增加的量要少;越冬品系在低温胁迫后超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)相对活性比对照品种要高。因此,越冬品系具有很强的耐低温能力。 相似文献
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水稻幼苗期耐冷性选择对主要农艺性状的影响 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:24
利用籼粳稻杂交后代(密阳23/通88-7、密阳23/TR22183、密阳23/高产102)探讨了水稻幼苗期耐冷性选择对主要农艺性状的影响。从籼粳稻杂交后代F2和F3中选择的耐冷个体群或系统群与随机个体群或敏冷系统群间进行主要农艺性状的比较结果表明,在F2和F3水稻幼苗期耐冷性选择对秆长、穗长和穗数并不产生显著的影响,但选择获得的幼苗期耐冷性强的F2个体群的孕穗期耐冷性(结实率)、F3系统群的分蘖期耐冷性(赤枯度)和孕穗期耐冷性(结实率)均显著强于随机个体群和敏冷系统群;在冷水处理下F3幼苗期耐冷性强的耐冷系统群的产量显著高于敏冷系统群。提出在水稻幼苗期以叶赤枯度来选择幼苗期耐冷性强的个体是获得高产耐冷后代材料的有效途径。 相似文献
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稻耐冷性鉴定评价方法 总被引:22,自引:1,他引:22
利用云南省得天独厚的立体气候条件和中日合作项目组的仪器设备,建立了一套包括五种耐冷性鉴定评价方法和一套耐冷性鉴定比较品种的耐冷性鉴定评价体系。 相似文献
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水稻苗期耐冷性QTLs的定位 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用耐冷的籼稻资源743与冷敏的广亲和材料Dular杂交得到的86个重组自交系(RIL)为材料,构建了一张包含90个微卫星标记的水稻分子连锁图谱.以12℃低温处理下叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量的变化和4℃致死温度处理后的凋萎率为耐冷性指标,进行了苗期耐冷性数量性状位点(QTLs)的分析.以低温下叶绿素含量为指标,检测到分别位于染色体3,5,6(2个)和9上的5个QTIs;而在染色体2,3,9和12上检测到与低温下丙二醛含量有关的4个QTLs;用凋萎率为指标定位的5个QTLs则分别位于染色体1(2个),3,9和11上.这些QTLs控制的表型变异分别为3.07%~17.15%.位于染色体9上的RM105-RM257区间的QTL与低温下的叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量及植株凋萎率均有关,是控制苗期耐冷性的主效QTL. 相似文献
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水稻生长后期耐冷性研究综述 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
水稻生长后期低温冷害一直是亚寒带、热带及亚热带高海拔地区的主要危害之一。本文简要阐述了水稻生长后期耐冷性的评价方法,低温冷害时生物膜的结构与功能、叶绿素含量及其酶活性的变化,水稻耐冷性的遗传机理和性状相关关系,并提出了水稻耐冷性研究的展望。 相似文献
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采用叶面喷施外源水杨酸(SA)0、25、50、100、150 mg/L不同浓度处理,比较分析低温胁迫下玉米幼苗株高、根长、地上部和地下部干重等农艺指标和相对含水量、相对电导率、Fv/Fm、Pn、MDA含量、SOD和POD活性等生理生化指标的变化。结果表明,在低温抑制玉米幼苗生长条件下,低浓度SA(25~50 mg/L)减缓玉米幼苗生长受抑制程度,其中,50 mg/L SA处理效果最佳,与对照比较,玉米自交系B125和昌7-2株高分别增加12.9%、14.5%,相对含水量分别提高60.4%、64.5%,相对电导率分别降低47.6%、57.5%,POD活性分别增加29.6%、35.6%。适宜浓度的SA在常温条件下可促进玉米幼苗的生长和缓解低温胁迫对玉米幼苗造成的伤害。 相似文献
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低温胁迫下几种药剂对毛豆幼苗某些生理指标的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
试验采用几种药剂对毛豆进行处理,测定其在低温胁迫下对毛豆幼苗某些生理指标及其抗寒性的影响,结果表明:采用几种药剂处理后,在低温胁迫下,与对照相比可增加根系活力、抑制丙二醛增生、降低细胞膜透性和提高叶绿素含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、细胞保护酶的活性等,增强了毛豆幼苗对低温逆境的抵抗能力,由试验所得众多生理指标进行综合分析可知,几种药剂以绿风95表现最好。 相似文献
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从细胞膜系与植物抗冷性,可溶性糖、蛋白质与植物抗冷性,脯氨酸及其它氨基酸与植物的抗冷性,低温下冷害指数、电导率、原生质膜透性与植物的抗冷性等方面综述了水稻低温冷害生理研究进展,为今后的水稻冷害研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Evaluation of Rice Seedling Tolerance to Constant and Intermittent Low Temperature Stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M202,IR50 and advanced backcross(BC 4 F 6) lines carrying the cold tolerance QTLs qCTS4 and qCTS12 were evaluated using three low temperature stress assays(constant,intermittent and constant with recovery period).Under constant stress,two BC 4 F 6 lines(MIb 4853-9 and MIb 6885-2) exhibited differences in seedling growth and accumulation of stress-related compounds although both carry the two QTLs in the IR50 background.Differences between these lines were also observed in the constant with recovery period assay,although both of them performed comparably under intermittent stress.MIb 6885-2 performed more similarly to M202 in the constant and constant with recovery period assays,suggesting that this line contains an introgressed region(s) not present in MIb 4853-9.The three assays were also applied to assess variations in cold tolerance in a set of diverse germplasms.Performance metrics and visual ratings were comparable for evaluating tolerance to constant stress.However,differences in response to intermittent stress were more evident from growth and total chlorophyll measurements than from visual ratings.With regard to the constant with recovery period assay,about 15% of the germplasm accessions did not recover.However,some lines which exhibited chilling injuries of comparable severity were able to overcome them.This recovery phenotype may improve rice performance in the field and warrant further investigation. 相似文献
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以杂C-546为试材,采用10、20、40、80、160 mmol/L外源CaCl_2浸种和叶面喷施不同浓度处理种子,比较分析低温胁迫下玉米种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和幼苗叶片相对电导率、可溶性蛋白、Pn、Fv/Fm、POD和SOD活性等生理生化指标的变化。结果表明,在低温抑制玉米幼苗生长条件下,一定浓度CaCl_2(10~80 mmol/L)处理可降低玉米幼苗生长伤害程度。80 mmol/L CaCl_2浸种处理对玉米低温胁迫的缓解效果最佳,与对照比较,发芽率提高8%,发芽势提高24.6%,发芽指数提高33.2,相对电导率降低51.8%,可溶性蛋白含量增加76.3%,SOD活性增加35.7%。适宜浓度的CaCl_2在低温条件下可促进玉米种子的萌发,降低低温对玉米幼苗造成的伤害。 相似文献
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采用人工模拟低温条件,以株两优505、金优268、中嘉早17和株两优819等4个早稻品种为试验材料,研究低温处理期和常温恢复期间4个品种耐寒生理指标的变化。结果表明,株两优505经低温胁迫后各项指标均表现为耐寒特征,且常温恢复期电导率和MDA含量大幅降低,叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量上升,酶活性增强,表明其幼苗低温胁迫后能恢复正常生长,其耐寒性高于其他3个品种;中嘉早17经低温胁迫后的电导率和MDA含量大幅增加,且在常温恢复期仍维持高水平,表现为冷敏感特征,说明其幼苗低温胁迫后受到严重损伤,其耐寒性差;金优268和株两优819介于两者之间,耐寒性中等。 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):375-376
AbstractA snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar Haibushi shows high productivity under high-temperature conditions. Together with intensive radiation, high temperature enhances transpiration and causes water deficit in plants even when they are irrigated enough. To characterize daily change in water balance of the heat-tolerant cultivar, we compared parameters of water balance, dry matter production and pod yield among cultivars. Four snap bean cultivars, Haibushi, Kurodane-Kinugasa, Oregon and Kentucky Wonder, were grown under optimal temperature (spring cropping) and high temperature (summer cropping) condition in the field. The daily water balance and gas exchange rate in the heat-tolerant cultivar Haibushi were compared with those in the heat-sensitive cultivar Kentucky Wonder, grown in 0.02 m2 Wagner pots. In the summer cropping in the field, dry matter production, pod yield, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate were higher in Haibushi and Kurodane-Kinugasa than in the other cultivars. In a glasshouse, the sap flow rate was lower than the transpiration rate in the morning when the transpiration rate rapidly increased in both Haibushi and Kentucky Wonder. In spite of the higher transpiration rate, Haibushi showed a higher sap flow rate and smaller cumulative water loss in the morning than Kentucky Wonder. We conclude that better growth of the heat-tolerant snap bean cultivar Haibushi under high temperature was due to higher photosynthetic rate resulting from higher stomatal conductance during the daytime, which had a higher water uptake rate. 相似文献
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