中蜂巢虫的防治

巢虫是蜡螟的幼虫,属螟蛾科,有大小两种,在巢脾上蛀食蜂蜡,穿成隧道,毁了巢脾,伤害虫蛹,还会损坏蜂具。中蜂抗巢虫能力弱,经常普遍受其危害,是饲养上比较头痛的问题。漳州市、县在防治巢虫方面推广了清除巢箱、饲养强群、使用新脾、人工清除等方法,在一定程度上减轻了巢虫的危害,但效果不显著。我们从南靖县中蜂场和各村养蜂户的重点抽查中发现,巢虫发生率仍为43%。怎样才能比较彻底地防治巢虫呢?从意蜂断子期治螨效果好的方法中得到启发,选择中蜂断子期和巢虫盛发期,燃烧硫磺熏烟巢脾和蜂箱,对巢虫进行较为彻底地毒杀,连续进行了两年的重复…     

浅谈中蜂巢虫的处理

巢虫是危害中蜂的一种主要害虫,我经过几年的实践,摸索出以下几种防治巢虫的方法. 一、蜂多于脾,整个巢脾都要爬满蜂.     

东北林区几种有毒植物及对蜂群的危害

巢虫是中蜂的一大敌害,年年防治,年年难治。多种养蜂书籍及相关报刊杂志上提出众多防治方法,但由于各地气候、蜂种抗巢虫能力及饲养管理方法不同等因素,导致防治效果不甚好。多年来,本人在防治巢虫方面投入了不少精力,也尝试过多种方法,逐渐形成一种适合本地的防治方法,我称之为“冷热兼施法”。我地属于亚热带,夏秋季气温高,蜡螟幼虫发育快,生长周期缩短,虫口密度剧增。这时若不采取有效防治措施,轻则造成蜂群秋衰,冬蜜减产。重则蜂群飞逃或灭亡,蜂场垮场。7月份气候炎热,外界蜜粉源枯竭,蜂群普遍断子,将各群的半数巢脾脱蜂后提出,及时放入…     

来年巢虫今冬治

巢虫 ,中蜂之天敌。在南方一年繁殖 4～5代 ,虫口增殖快。它们蛀食巢脾 ,在巢脾上打隧道 ,所经之处 ,中蜂幼虫和虫蛹全部为之丧生。巢虫之害往往导致夏衰 ,继而影响秋繁 ,以致造成冬蜜和来年春蜜歉收。难怪有的蜂友说 ,中蜂好养 ,巢虫难治。防治巢虫 ,凡中蜂饲养者无不各穷其技 :振动法、日晒法、硫磺烟熏法、盐渍法、滴喷酒精法、水浸法、喷药法等 ,不下 10种 ,都收效甚微。结果是年年治巢虫 ,年年遭虫害。究其原因 ,皆为治标不治本 ,即有虫活动才治虫之故。有此教训 ,笔者认为 ,治虫之战 ,必须要换一种思路 ,换一套方法。众所周知 ,巢虫为…     

水泥蜂箱防治巢虫效果好

巢虫(大蜡螟,又称绵虫)是与中蜂囊状幼虫病并列的2大中蜂病敌害之一。巢虫在中蜂蜂巢中隔内蛀食巢脾,使大批蜂蛹"白头"死亡,成为"白头蛹"。被巢虫危害的蜂群,轻者采蜜、育子能力下降,群势受到严重削弱;重则停止产卵,继而全群飞逃[1]。为防治巢虫对中蜂的危害,自1996年以来,我们在贵州省中蜂主产县、黔东南州中蜂野桂花蜜     

中蜂巢虫的防与治

巢虫是中华蜜蜂巢内的大敌。巢虫会蛀坏巢脾,若蛀食子脾会造成蜂蛹的死亡,它还会损坏蜂箱、巢框,给中蜂饲养造成重大损失,严重时还能迫使蜂群逃跑。可见能否有效地防治巢虫,是关系到中蜂的生存、发展,蜂蜜的产量,还间接影响山区、丘陵区开花农作物的产量、品质的大问题,绝不可等闲视之。那么怎么防治呢?通过观察、实验、研究,笔者认为应做到,如下几点。1首先谈“防”。1.1要选育好蜂种,培育强群,做到一年四季蜂略多于脾(蜂箱里外侧巢框整个面都有一层蜂为准)。好些资料上说蜡蛾在箱底蜡屑中产卵,孵出后再爬上巢脾,这不一定正确。在巢虫发生…     

巢虫的防治方法

巢虫以蜂群巢脾内的茧衣、花粉和蜜汁为食，并在巢脾上面吐丝作茧，毁坏巢脾，危害幼虫和蛹。意蜂抗巢虫能力强，中蜂抗巢虫能力弱。在低温时，巢虫一般很少发生，高温时，巢虫危害严重，在每年芒种至处暑时，巢虫的危害尤其严重。     

培育中蜂大群之我见

养过中蜂的人都知道 ,中蜂一般养到 4～ 5框蜂就要产生分蜂热。一旦分蜂 ,群势立即减弱 ,巢虫乘机而侵 ,在炎热缺蜜的夏季常弃巢飞逃。中蜂分蜂性强 ,群势弱 ,抗巢虫和囊状幼虫病能力差 ,爱咬巢脾 ,产蜜量低 ,因此许多养蜂专业户都不喜欢饲养它。虽然中蜂有这些缺点 ,但是中蜂能充分利用零星蜜源 ,在没有大片集中蜜源条件下的地方 ,饲养中蜂还是比意蜂好。其中如何维持中蜂大群 ,是饲养技术关键。一、蜂王选育蜂王决定蜂群的生产性能 ,也获得蜂产品高产、稳产的决定因素之一。“秋分”以后气候暖和 ,主要蜜源和辅助蜜源也比较丰富 ,特别是菊…     

巧认和防治中蜂巢脾上的巢虫

中蜂抗巢虫能力远远低于意蜂。每年6、7月份中蜂巢脾上就会出现星星点点的“白头蛹”,我一直找不出原因。后来一次查蜂时,在一个快灭亡的小蜂群蜂脾上发现线条状的虫子,用蜂友介绍的敲打法,敲打巢脾,可见巢虫爬出。一般巢脾上出现零散的白头蛹,可说明已有巢虫。通过实践,     

中蜂咬脾的原因及防止措施

中蜂咬脾一种是因为巢脾已旧,一种是巢脾中有巢虫。前者是把旧脾的产卵区部分整个咬去;后者是把巢脾中有巢虫钻入或结茧部分零星咬去。在苏南地区中蜂咬旧脾一般在冬末和早春,蜂王开始产卵前,工蜂即把蜂团中央老巢脾由下端逐步向上咬,形成半圆形,逐步扩大到将蜂团内的老巢脾咬去。待外界气温高,蜂团扩散群势壮大,有较多花粉     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。