共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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饲粮纤维对肠道免疫调控的途径主要是通过饲粮纤维-肠道菌群-黏膜屏障来实现的。但近年研究报道,将饲粮纤维的肠道免疫调控根据菌群的依赖性分为"独立效应"和"非独立效应"。其中,饲粮纤维-肠道菌群-黏膜屏障生理轴作为饲粮纤维对肠道免疫的非独立效应途径,而饲粮纤维也可不依赖菌群直接对肠道免疫调控直接作用。文章就饲粮纤维"独立效应"从对肠道上皮屏障功能的影响、基于肠道上皮细胞的免疫功能效应和调节肠道免疫的潜在分子机制进行综述,为饲粮纤维对动物肠道免疫调控的独立效应提供理论依据。 相似文献
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饲粮纤维影响猪肠道健康的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
肠道健康包括有效的营养物质吸收、稳定的肠道微生物群落及健全的免疫功能等多个方面。肠道的健康状况决定了动物的健康状况。肠道健康取决于饲粮、肠道黏膜和肠道微生物群落3个主要方面。饲粮纤维是由纤维素、半纤维素、果胶和木质素等组成的成分和结构复杂的混合物,具有改善肠道营养物质吸收、降低肠道环境p H、改变有益菌与潜在致病菌比例、优化肠道微生物群落组成及加强黏膜屏障作用等功能。来源不同和理化性质相异的饲粮纤维对肠道健康的影响及作用机理并不一致。本文就饲粮纤维的分类、理化性质及其对肠道健康影响的研究进展进行综述,以促进饲粮纤维在猪饲粮生产上的进一步广泛合理利用。 相似文献
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肠道不仅是动物消化吸收的重要器官,也是重要的免疫和内分泌器官.饲粮蛋白质及其消化产物可以通过对胃肠道激素、微生物菌群和相关基因的调控来影响猪的肠道健康,而低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮可有效缓解断奶仔猪腹泻,对肠道健康和功能具有重要作用.本文综述了低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮对猪肠道屏障、消化吸收功能和抗氧化能力等方面的影响,并探讨... 相似文献
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近年来由于抗生素在临床上的滥用,使得抗菌药物的抗菌效果大大降低,抗生素滥用还会导致有害菌定殖增加,影响人和动物的健康。因此,很多国家开始禁止用抗生素作为饲料添加剂,且在饲料中添加低剂量的抗生素作为肠道微生态调节剂已不再受欢迎,而探寻新的抗生素替代品来调节畜禽肠道微生物区系和维持肠道健康显得非常重要。人们一直误认为饲粮纤维是一种抗营养因子,指出纤维能稀释饲粮能量水平,影响家禽的生产性能。但最新研究表明,在家禽饲粮中添加适量纤维是改善家禽肠道健康、减少家禽肠道紊乱的一种有效的营养调控措施。本文从家禽肠道发育、肠道黏膜形态及上皮组织健康、肠道消化生理、肠道微生物区系等方面综述饲粮纤维对家禽肠道健康的影响,为进一步研究纤维对家禽肠道健康的调控机制提供参考,也为今后在家禽饲粮中添加纤维性物质提供一定的科学依据。 相似文献
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日粮纤维目前基本认定为第七大营养素,在猪体内中虽然消化率不高,甚至会影响其他营养素消化吸收,但能发酵产生短链脂肪酸,具有改善肠道微生物环境、调控母猪生理行为、调控猪肠道健康等作用。文章综述了日粮纤维在猪体内的营养特性和对肠道的调控作用,为日粮纤维在猪生产中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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本文就饲粮纤维对家禽生产性能、消化器官发育、消化道微生物区系、消化液的分泌与内源酶活性、其他营养素的消化吸收及日常行为的影响进行综述;同时对家禽利用饲粮纤维的效率、机理和影响因素进行了分析。 相似文献
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低聚果糖作为益生元的代表性物质,因为特殊的理化性质,添加于饲料中具有防水防霉等优势。低聚果糖可选择性被肠道双歧杆菌、乳酸菌等有益菌利用促进其增殖,而对大肠杆菌等有害菌具有抑制作用。低聚果糖除能通过促进生长、降低腹泻和死亡率等来改善畜禽生产性能,还能通过调控肠道菌群、肠道发酵、维持肠黏膜形态和提高机体免疫等来促进畜禽肠道健康。本文对低聚果糖在畜禽肠道健康方面的研究进展进行综述,旨在为其在饲料中的开发利用提供应用和理论依据。[关键词] 低聚果糖|畜禽|肠道健康 相似文献
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基因组甲基化是通过甲基转移酶催化胞嘧啶转化为5-甲基胞嘧啶,是表观遗传学的重要组成部分,对许多生理活动具有重要影响。文中主要从甲基化在畜禽上的研究进展,以及近几年在长链非编码RNA等研究进展,概述DNA甲基化研究的发展。 相似文献
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本文就日粮纤维对鹅的生产性能、屠宰性能、消化道发育、肠道微生物的影响及其在日粮中的适宜添加水平作一综述。 相似文献
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Wenjuan Zhang Defa Li Ling Liu Jianjun Zang Qiwu Duan Wenjun Yang Liying Zhang 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,4(1):17
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of total dietary fiber level on nutrient digestibility and the relationship between apparent total tract digestibility of total dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber and available energy. Sugar beet pulp was as the only fiber source. The experiment was designed as a 6 × 6 Latin square with an adaptation period of 7 d followed by a 5-d total collection of feces and urine. Feed intake tended to decrease (P =0.10) as total dietary fiber level increased. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy decreased (P <0.01) when total dietary fiber increased but the digestibility of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber increased (P <0.01). The digestible energy and metabolizable energy content of diets decreased (P <0.01) as the total dietary fiber increased. 相似文献
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CircRNAs are a new member of endogenous RNAs, which characterized by a closed-loop structure without terminated 5′ caps and 3′ tails via covalent bonding, which are evolutionarily conserved among different species and often exhibit tissue or developmental stage-specific expression. So far, thousands of circRNAs have been discovered in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs are more stable due to its resistance to exonuclease implying important biological functions in all kingdoms of life. They could function as miRNA sponges, interfere with splicing and bind to protein to regulate the expression of host genes and so on. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs are closely related to a series of physiological processes in livestock and poultry. In this review, we summarized the biogenesis mechanism, major biological function and detection methods and focused on research advance of circRNAs in livestock and poultry, aiming at providing certain reference value and novel techniques for the development of new molecular genetic markers and breeding of livestock and poultry. Meanwhile, we hope this review could show significant prospect for other researches. 相似文献
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Wen juan Zhang Defa Li Ling Liu Jianjun Zang Qiwu Duan Wenjun Yang Liying Zhang 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,(4):309-315
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of total dietary fiber level on nutrient digestibility and the relationship between apparent total tract digestibility of total dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber and available energy. Sugar beet pulp was as the only fiber source. The experiment was designed as a 6 x 6 Latin square with an adaptation period of 7 d followed by a 5-d total collection of feces and urine. Feed intake tended to decrease (P =0.] O) as total dietary fiber level increased. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy decreased (P 〈0.0]) when total dietary fiber increased but the digestibility of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber increased (P 〈0.01). The digestible energy and metabolizable energy content of diets decreased (P 〈0.01) as the total dietary fiber increased. 相似文献
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