迷人杜鹃种子特性与萌发实验研究

测定了迷人杜鹃种子的千粒重、吸水率、种皮透水性和种皮抑制物质,并统计在不同的贮藏方式、不同光照条件和不同萌发温度的处理下迷人杜鹃的发芽率和发芽势,并对所得数据作方差分析与LSD检验,结果表明:迷人杜鹃种子细小,千粒重仅有0.171 g,种皮透水性良好,种皮没有抑制种萌发的物质.室温干藏种子的发芽率和发芽势最大.而低温贮藏不利于种子的萌发.迷人杜鹃种子在自然光暗交替的光照下发芽率更高,出苗更整齐.恒温有利于种子的萌发.     

紫花醉鱼草(Buddleja fallowiana Balf.f.et W.W.Smith)种子萌发条件的研究

紫花醉鱼草是主要分布于云南西北部海拔 2 70 0～ 380 0 m的一种野生观赏灌木 ,其种子长圆形 ,褐色 ,周围有翅 ,大小约 0 .5 mm× 0 .5 mm,千粒重 0 .0 5 5 g。在 2 0℃及 2 5℃的发芽温度下第 15 d的发芽率分别为 94%和 98% :在抑制紫花醉鱼草种子发芽的 30℃的温度下 ,180 0 lx～ 30 0 0 lx的人工光照和每日光照 16～ 2 0 h能促进种子萌发。在 2 5℃的发芽适温下 ,照光能使紫花醉鱼草种子萌发提前 1～ 3d。低温高海拔的生境和其种子萌发对高温与光照的需求 ,可能是紫花醉鱼草在自然环境中不能自然繁殖成为蔓延性杂草的原因之一。     

珍稀濒危植物独叶草SCoT-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

采用正交设计法对影响珍稀濒危植物独叶草SCoT-PCR反应体系的主要因素进行优化,建立最佳的独叶草SCoT-PCR反应体系,并利用36份种质进行了验证。结果表明:在独叶草SCoT-PCR的最优反应体系(25μL)中:Mg^2+为1.5μL、dNTPs为1.50μL、Taq酶为0.3μL、Primer为1.2μL、DNA为3.0μL。建立的SCoT-PCR反应体系可用于该植物的遗传多样性和居群结构研究。     

迷人杜鹃种子萌发过程中的生理变化

通过对迷人杜鹃种子在萌发过程中可溶性蛋白质、抗氧化保护酶和代谢产物的测定,了解这些生理指标在种子萌发过程中的变化趋势.结果表明:可溶性蛋白质、超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化物酶POD、过氧化氢酶CAT在种子萌发过程中变化趋势基本一致,随着培养时间的延长,含量或活性都呈上升趋势,丙二醛MDA的含量变化则相反,在萌发过程中逐渐减少.说明种子萌发过程中抗氧化酶协同作用,降低了脂膜氧化程度,促进发芽.     

Crosses Involving W. Rimpau's Triticale

One hundred years after the creation of the first true triticale crosses of Rimpau , several recent cultivars of triticale and rye have been crossed with two of them. Recombinants of the awned type of Rimpau 's triticale (10) with ‘Grado’, ‘Lasko’ and ‘Otello’ exhibited a prolonged vegetative period, a shorter straw, an improved lodging resistance, good yielding capacity and higher disease resistance as compared to ‘Lasko’.     

金铁锁总皂苷提取工艺研究

采用正交设计,以齐墩果酸为对照品,采用5%香草醛冰醋酸-高氯酸显色剂,以总皂苷提取率为指标来确定金铁锁的最佳提取工艺。结果表明,最佳提取工艺如下：提取温度为70℃、乙醇浓度为80%、提取时间90 min、料液比1:8,该方法成本低、结果稳定、重复性好。     

家稗丙酮酸磷酸双激酶(PPDK)基因的克隆及序列分析

为揭示C4植物家稗[Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight] PPDK结构和功能特点,探索改善作物高光效途径,采用RT-PCR技术,克隆了家稗[Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea (Roxb.) W. F. Wight]丙酮酸磷酸双激酶（PPDK）基因的cDNA全长。核苷酸序列分析表明, 该片段全长3 085 bp, 包含一个2 844 bp的ORF,编码948个氨基酸(GenBank登录号：AY 792619)。编码区核苷酸序列与高粱（Sorghum bicolor）、甘蔗（Saccharum officinarum）、玉米（Zea mays）等C₄型pdk基因同源率分别为85.1%、84.0%和82.0%;与水稻[Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group)] pdk基因同源性也高达82.6%。氨基酸序列进化树分析表明其与玉米、水稻等禾本科植物最为接近;半定量RT-PCR研究表明,pdk基因仅在绿色叶片中表达。     

不同化学保鲜剂对W.默科特柑橘保鲜效果的研究

研究了在地下室内用不同化学保鲜剂处理贮藏W.默科特柑橘的保鲜效果。试验结果表明,与对照相比,以3%碳酸氢钠＋0.67 g/L抑霉唑＋0.67 g/L双胍盐＋0.27 g/L 2,4-D＋塑料袋单果包装贮藏W.默科特柑橘,可有效地减少果实的腐烂率和失重率,在地下室可以贮藏60 d左右。     

金铁锁种子质量标准研究

依据农作物种子检验规程(GB/T 3543.1-3543.7-1995),进行金铁锁种子净度、千粒重、水分、发芽率的测定,旨在为有关部门制定金铁锁种子的质量分级标准提供参考.结果表明,金铁锁种子净度92.0%、千粒重2.31 g、含水量10.9%、发芽率95.7%、发芽势48.3%.     

W/O/W型多重乳状液的稳定性及其在食品加工中的研究应用进展

W/O/W多重乳状液具有优良的应用特性,但是其稳定性受多种因素的影响。综述了乳化剂、相比、黏度等物理化学因素和乳化工艺对W/O/W型多重乳状液稳定性的影响,介绍了W/O/W型多重乳状液在缓释、微胶囊和作为脂肪替代品方面的应用。     

In vitro morphogenetic capacity of Nicotiana tabacum L. var. BEL W3 upon cyclic culture and regeneration

Summary Variation in the capacity to regenerate shoots and morphogenetic potential were investigated by cyclic culture and regeneration of Nicotiana tabacum var. BEL W3. Explants were excised from different shoots formed by the same callus line. Differences in the organogenetic in vitro response among regenerated plantlets was observed in two subsequent regenerate generations. A progressive decrease of the regenerative capacity was observed across callus line generations.     

Soil pollution in copper sulphide mining areas in Galicia (N.W. Spain)

We have analyzed runoff waters from spoil heaps and scalped land surface in a sulphide mining area in Galicia (N.W. Spain). In comparison with uncontaminated waters, there are marked increases in H⁺ (up to 10⁻³ M), SO₄²⁻, Al, Mn, Zn, Cu and Ni, to levels strongly toxic to fish (up to 2500, 100, 80, 7, 2 and 2 mg L⁻¹, respectively). Not only Me-sulphate species, but also simple ions increase in concentration, the latter being considered as more toxic than the complexed forms. The solution extracted from soil affected by acid waters differs little from such waters, while the solid fractions shows a total increase of these elements, principally in forms more or less easily extractable (which we take to be exchangeable, organically complexed and barely crystalline minerals). Plant material collected on these soils reflect the extent of existing contamination, their concentration of these elements increasing many times with respect to reference samples.     

金铁锁生态学初步研究

摘要: 对滇西北及周边部分地区金铁锁野外生态学调查研究结果表明：金铁锁一般出现在海拔2400～3400 m有一定空旷度的砾石或石灰质岩石山坡中;土壤主要为紧实、干燥而贫瘠的石灰岩红壤土或黄砂壤土。对金铁锁分布影响较大的因子是土壤、湿度和温度。对金铁锁生态学特征的了解有助于对它进行人工引种驯化及规范化种植。