Evaluation of an Interfragmentary Compression System for the Repair of Equine Femoral Capital Physeal Fractures

Femoral neck and proximal epiphyseal lengths were measured in 37 femurs from 19 cadaver foals that were 1 day to 12 months old to determine the applicability of a human interfragmentary compression system to equine femoral capital physeal fractures. Because components of the implant system are available only in fixed sizes, its use was possible in foals older than 5 weeks of age, but not in younger foals. The 135 degree angle plate conformed best to the equine femur. Femoral capital physeal fractures were created surgically and repaired with the implant system in three foals. Fracture stability was evident clinically and radiographically in all three foals until euthanasia at month 3. At necropsy, the treated femurs were 4, 8, and 27 mm shorter than their mates. Epiphyseal viability was verified in all three foals by tetracycline deposition and new appositional bone growth comparable with that in the contralateral control epiphyses. The treated capital physis was open but reduced in thickness in one foal, disorganized in one foal, and closed in one foal. Fixation by compression with the implant system resulted in stability sufficient for fracture healing and maintenance of epiphyseal viability, although it was associated with reduced longitudinal femoral growth.     

Static Strength Evaluation of Six External Skeletal Fixation Configurations

The relative strength of six different configurations of external skeletal fixation was determined by subjecting them to axial compression, and shear and torsion forces while measuring the load they would sustain before failing. The double clamp, single connecting bar, double connecting bar, quadrilateral frame, full pin splintage and three- dimensional tent configurations were found to be successively stronger in all three of the tests with the exception of the quadrilateral frame being more resistant to shear force than the full pin splintage configuration.     

苜蓿种质材料对亚麻刺盘孢的室内抗性评价

通过盆栽试验,以孢子悬浮液(浓度1×10-6个·mL-1)喷雾接种14d后统计病情指数,测定株高、生物量、相对质膜透性、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和木质素含量,对50份苜蓿(Medicago)种质材料进行苗期抗亚麻刺盘孢的抗性评价,探索室内抗病评价方法,旨在为病害防治和抗病育种提供参考。抗病性等级评价结果表明:对亚麻刺盘孢表现为高抗的材料有:兰热来恩德、干地、呼伦贝尔、吐鲁番、霍纳伊、阿尔贡奎因、龙牧801、杜普梯和西奎尔;表现为高感的有:新疆大叶、法国(M 47)、榆次、南特、沧州和普罗莫。其他指标综合评价结果表明:抗亚麻刺盘孢较强的种质材料有:兰热来恩德、霍纳伊、阿尔贡奎因、龙牧801、敖汉、吐鲁番和西奎尔;抗亚麻刺盘孢较弱的种质有:法国(M 47)、润布勒、武功、草原三号、陇东、新疆大叶、陇中、普罗莫、沧州和榆次苜蓿。综上所述,确定苜蓿苗期抗亚麻刺盘孢较强的种质材料有:兰热来恩德、霍纳伊、阿尔贡奎因、龙牧801、吐鲁番和西奎尔;抗亚麻刺盘孢较弱的种质材料有:榆次、沧州、普罗莫、新疆大叶和法国(M 47)苜蓿。     

线材扭转试验机的运动次数量值传递及影响量研究

介绍了线材扭转试验机的工作原理和用途,建立了线材扭转试验机的运动次数校准结果的测量模型,分析了各不确定度分量主要来源。结合测量实例具体数据,对其合成不确定度进行分析评定,对各不确定度分量进行计算并得出合成不确定度和扩展不确定度,最终可得出该项目的校准测量能力,为我国钢铁和冶金等行业提供的技术支撑。     

Mechanical Evaluation of the Equine Laryngoplasty

Objectives: Mechanical evaluation of the equine laryngoplasty. Study Design: Experimental. Animal Population: Cadaveric cricoid (n=36) and arytenoid (46) cartilages. Methods: Arytenoid and cricoid cartilage specimens were embedded for testing. Suture material (2 Ethilon^®, 5 Ethibond^®, or 5 Fiberwire^®) was inserted simulating laryngoplasty procedures. Constructs were evaluated in single or cyclic loading. Single cycle tests recorded load at failure and stiffness. Cyclical tests recorded displacement after 10,000 cycles. ANOVA and t‐tests were used (significance P<.05). Results: The arytenoid Ethibond^® (241.10±47.67 N) constructs were stronger in single cycle than Ethilon^® (133.85±27.89 N) and Fiberwire^® (142.67±32.40 N). The cricoid Ethibond^® (220.39±49.11 N) constructs were stronger than Ethilon^® (171.93±21.19). The stiffness of Ethilon^® constructs was lower in both the arytenoid and cricoid compared with Ethibond^® and Fiberwire^®. The arytenoids failed at a lower load than the cricoids for Ethilon^® and Fiberwire^® but not Ethibond^® constructs. In cyclic testing complete failure of either cartilage did not occur. Arytenoid Ethibond^® constructs (0.43±0.21 mm) had less distraction than Ethilon^® (0.92±0.41 mm) and a trend for less compared with Fiberwire^® (0.83±0.43 mm; P=.0513). Cricoid Ethibond^® constructs (0.45±0.18 mm) had less distraction compared with Ethilon^® (1.04±0.30 mm) and Fiberwire^® (0.97±0.45 mm). Conclusions: Ethibond^® was superior to Ethilon^® and Fiberwire^® constructs in vitro. Clinical Relevance: Abduction loss after laryngoplasty is a common complication. The results of this study suggest that the use of Ethibond^® should minimize abduction loss after surgery relative to the other materials tested.     

广西大肠杆菌对多种抗菌药物的耐药率及部分耐药基因检测

为研究广西地区大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况及耐药基因检出情况,采用2倍微量稀释法对实验室分离鉴定后甘油保藏的113株大肠杆菌进行头孢曲松钠、氟苯尼考等13种常见抗菌药物的药敏试验;筛选出42株对3种或3种以上药物最小抑菌浓度(MIC)≥3 200μg/mL的大肠杆菌,扩增bla_(TEM)基因、bla_(CTX-M-9)基因、sul 2基因。结果显示,细菌对头孢噻呋钠、氟苯尼考、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、阿莫西林、环丙沙星、头孢噻肟钠、头孢曲松钠、左旋氧氟沙星、加替沙星的耐药率较高,分别为99.1%、99.1%、93.5%、92.9%、91.1%、89.9%、73.4%、72.5%、69.4%;对头孢他啶、磷霉素、阿米卡星、美罗培南的耐药率为56.6%、50.5%、32.7%、3.5%。在42株菌中,bla_(TEM)基因、bla_(CTX-M-9)基因、sul 2基因阳性率为19.0%、38.1%、45.2%。表明广西地区大肠杆菌对常见抗菌药物耐药情况趋于严重,耐药率呈升高趋势,以产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠杆菌耐药基因及磺胺类sul 2耐药基因检出率偏高,为临床合理用药及兽医临床大肠杆菌耐药性研究提供理论依据。     

Biomechanical Evaluation of Different Numbers, Sizes and Placement Configurations of Ligaclips Required to Secure Cellophane Bands

Objective— To determine the number, size, and configuration of ligaclips most resistant to tensile forces when applied to cellophane bands.
Study Design— In vitro mechanical evaluation.
Sample Population— Single-layer and triple-layer cellophane bands, 9.0 and 11.5 mm ligaclips.
Methods— Triple-layer bands were secured with a different number (2–5), size (9.0 or 11.5 mm) or configuration (linear or alternating placement) of ligaclips and mechanically tested. Force-deformation curves were generated and yield load in Newtons (N) was determined for each variable. A 3-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey's tests was used for statistical comparisons. Yield load for single-layer and triple-layer bands secured with 4 alternating 11.5 mm ligaclips was compared using a paired-sample (independent) t-test with P <.05 considered significant.
Results— Mean yield load increased as the number of ligaclips applied increased, but this effect began to plateau after application of the 4th clip. Mean yield load for 11.5 mm ligaclips was significantly higher than for 9.0 mm ligaclips ( P <.001) and for the alternating configuration compared with the linear configuration ( P <.001). Yield load for 4 alternating 11.5 mm ligaclips applied to triple-layer cellophane bands was significantly greater than the same configuration applied to single-layer cellophane bands ( P <.001).
Conclusion— 11.5 mm ligaclips applied in an alternating configuration and on triple-layer cellophane provided most resistance to tensile forces. The resistance to tensile forces increased significantly as the number of ligaclips applied increased from 1 to 4/band.
Clinical Relevance— Surgeons should be aware that the number, size, and configuration of ligaclips and cellophane thickness affect their resistance to tensile forces.     

A Working Model for the Evaluation of Different Immunological Traits as Indicators of Resistance to Infection in Dairy Cattle

In order to determine the relative value of different immunological traits as indicators of resistance to infection, an analysis was performed based on records of immunological traits in young bulls and “health card” records of clinical mastitis in their half sisters. The correlation analysis suggested that young bulls with high levels of serum immunoglobulin have half sisters with low mastitis frequency. A significant positive correlation was found between the antibody response peak against human serum albumin and susceptibility to mastitis. The results of this analysis should not be considered conclusive as the data were limited. Further work is required on a larger body of material. The model described here may be considered for future use as it enables immediate selection of animals.     

不同苜蓿品种对豌豆蚜田间抗性评价

以感蚜指数和抗蚜株率为指标,评价28个苜蓿（Medicago sativa）品种对豌豆蚜（Acyrthosiphon pisum）的田间抗蚜性。结果表明：感蚜指数以中苜1号最高为82.48,阿尔刚金最低为26.00;抗蚜株率阿尔刚金最高为93.50,猎人河最低为2.36。28个苜蓿品种中甘农5号、三得利、阿尔刚金等16个为高抗品种;金皇后、甘农3号等6个为抗性品种;Cropper nine、天水、75-43为中抗品种;渭南为低抗品种;猎人河和中苜1号为感虫品种。     

桑种质资源对黄化型萎缩病抗性鉴定续报

为了明确“国家种质——镇江桑树圃”各种类型种质资源的抗病能力,筛选出抗性强的种质（或品种）,为桑树育种和蚕业生产服务。在前报「‘’的基础上,于八五期间,对另外204份桑种质黄化型萎缩病抗性进行了鉴定。现报道如下。l材料与方法1·回参鉴材料均来自“国家种质——镇江桑树圃”,选择未经鉴定的不同类型、经济性状较好,由不同省区收集的桑种质204份,采用袋接法对参鉴种质进行了苗木的繁殖,并建立抗病鉴定圃,以备次年接种鉴定。1．2方法试验方法同文献［fi,于每年7月中旬至8月上旬采用病穗套接法进行接种,每份种质套接30株,…     

2个百脉根品系种子萌发期的耐盐性评价

为探究2个百脉根（Lotus corniculatus L.）品系B1（来源于加拿大圭尔夫）和B2（引种于加拿大）种子萌发期的耐盐性,采用纸上发芽法,以蒸馏水为对照,采用不同浓度（0.3%,0.6%,0.9%,1.2%）NaCl溶液,通过测定发芽率、根长、苗长等7项指标,计算其盐害系数,利用方差分析、主成分分析以及隶属函数对其进行了综合评价。结果表明：随着盐浓度的增加两个百脉根品系的发芽指数呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,活力指数呈现先降低后升高再降低的趋势,其他指标的变化趋势均不一致。方差分析结果表明,当盐浓度为1.2%时,B2的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、苗长和幼苗干重均显著高于B1（P<0.05）。综合评价结果表明,种子萌发期耐盐性较强的是品系B2。     

优质肉鸡繁育体系的效益评估

近十多年来，我国优质肉鸡的生产方兴未艾，许多育种公司和科研院所不断推出新品系。为充分发挥新品系的遗传潜力，探求优质肉鸡最佳的繁育生产模式具有重要意义。由于不同的品系及其杂种后代在不同的性状上各有优缺点，很难用生产性能进行直接比较，而适合用育种规划的方法通过经济学指标进行评价。系统分析通过把生产系统抽象概念化并用数学手段模型化的方法，