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1.
Daniel S.J. Pang 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(2):163-172
Objective
To define the relationship between journal impact factor (JIF) and citation distribution in veterinary journals. Citation distribution is a summary of the number of citations of individual papers published in a defined period, and JIF is said to represent the mean number of citations received by a paper published in a given journal. JIF is criticized for promoting unimportant differences between journals, exaggerating small differences in journal citation distributions by misrepresenting a skewed citation distribution. The hypothesis was that veterinary journals have a skewed citation distribution and that median citation rates between journals would be smaller than that indicated by JIF.Study design
Bibliometric study.Animals
None.Methods
A published method was used to generate journal citation reports from a commercial database, with search limits set for document (‘article’ and ‘review’) and the 2 year citation window of interest. Citation distributions [median (range)] and cumulative citations were calculated for Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia (Vet Anaesth Analg, 2007–2017), 11 preselected subject- and species-specific and general veterinary journals (2016) and veterinary journals from the top (n = 10) and bottom (n = 10) of the Veterinary Sciences category ranking (2016) with a 10 year publication record.Results
Citation distributions were right-skewed for all journals, with 15–20% of papers contributing approximately 50% of citations. For Vet Anaesth Analg, the median citation distribution [1 (0–2)] did not change despite JIF ranging from 1.044 to 2.064 between 2007 and 2017. Calculated median citation rates revealed minimal differences between journals, with only three groups identified: bottom (median citation 0), preselected (median citation 1) and top (median citation 2) journals. These groups represent over 100 places in the JIF (0.316–3.148) ranking.Conclusions
Ranking veterinary journals according to JIF is misleading, exaggerating differences while concealing minimally different citation distributions. 相似文献2.
Rebecca Lewis Cerrie A. Sherfield Christopher R. Fellows Rachel Burrow Iain Young Alex Dugdale 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):567-576
Objective
To determine the frequency of provision and main providers (veterinary surgeons, nurses or trainees) of manual ventilation in UK veterinary practices. Furthermore, to determine the variation in peak inspiratory (inflation) pressure (PIP), applied to a lung model during manual ventilation, by three different groups of operators (inexperienced, experienced and specialist), before and after training.Study design
Questionnaire survey, lung model simulator development and prospective testing.Methods
Postal questionnaires were sent to 100 randomly selected veterinary practices. The lung model simulator was manually ventilated in a staged process over 3 weeks, with and without real-time biometric feedback (PIP display), by three groups of volunteer operators: inexperienced, experienced and specialist.Results
The questionnaires determined that veterinary nurses were responsible for providing the majority of manual ventilation in veterinary practices, mainly drawing on theoretical knowledge rather than any specific training. Thoracic surgery and apnoea were the main reasons for provision of manual ventilation. Specialists performed well when manually ventilating the lung model, regardless of feedback training. Both inexperienced and experienced operators showed significant improvement in technique when using the feedback training tool: variation in PIP decreased significantly until operators provided manual ventilation at PIPs within the defined optimum range. Preferences for different forms of feedback (graphical, numerical or scale display), revealed that the operators’ choice was not always the method which gave least variation in PIP.Conclusions and clinical relevance
This study highlighted a need for training in manual ventilation at an early stage in veterinary and veterinary nursing careers and demonstrated how feedback is important in the process of experiential learning. A manometer device which can provide immediate feedback during training, or indeed in a real clinical setting, should improve patient safety. 相似文献3.
Marja R. Raekallio Marika Virtanen Irmeli Happonen Outi M. Vainio 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):803-810
Objective
To describe suspected adverse drug reactions in cats associated with use of α2-adrenoceptor agonists.Study design
Retrospective study.Animals
A total of 90 cats.Methods
Data were collected from reports on adverse reactions to veterinary medicines sent to the Finnish Medicines Agency during 2003–2013. All reports of suspected adverse reactions associated with use of α2-adrenoceptor agonists in cats were included. Probable pulmonary oedema was diagnosed based on post mortem or radiological examination, or presence of frothy or excess fluid from the nostrils or trachea. If only dyspnoea and crackles on auscultation were reported, possible pulmonary oedema was presumed.Results
Pulmonary oedema was suspected in 61 cases. Of these cats, 37 were categorised as probable and 24 as possible pulmonary oedema. The first clinical signs had been noted between 1 minute and 2 days (median, 15 minutes) after α2-adrenoceptor agonist administration. Many cats probably had no intravenous overhydration when the first clinical signs were detected, as either they presumably had no intravenous cannula or the signs appeared before, during or immediately after cannulation. Of the 61 cats, 43 survived, 14 died and for four the outcome was not clearly stated.Conclusions and clinical relevance
Pulmonary oedema is a perilous condition that may appear within minutes of an intramuscular administration of sedative or anaesthetic agent in cats. The symptoms were not caused by intravenous overhydration, at least in cats having no venous cannula when the first clinical signs were detected. 相似文献4.
Bruno H. Pypendop Juhana Honkavaara Jan E. Ilkiw 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(1):52-62
Objective
To characterize the cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine, with or without MK-467, following intravenous (IV) administration in cats.Study design
Prospective Latin square experimental study.Animals
Six healthy adult purpose-bred cats.Methods
Cats were anesthetized with desflurane in oxygen for instrumentation with a carotid artery catheter and a thermodilution catheter in the pulmonary artery. One hour after discontinuation of desflurane, cats were administered dexmedetomidine (25 μg kg–1), MK-467 (600 μg kg–1), or dexmedetomidine (25 μg kg–1) and MK-467 (600 μg kg–1). All treatments were administered IV as a bolus. Cardiovascular variables were measured prior to drug administration and for 8 hours thereafter. Only data from the dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine–MK-467 treatments were analyzed.Results
Dexmedetomidine produced significant decreases in heart rate, cardiac index and right ventricular stroke work index, and significant increases in arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure and systemic vascular resistance index. Dexmedetomidine combined with MK-467 resulted in significant but transient decrease in blood pressure and right ventricular stroke work index.Conclusion and clinical relevance
Following IV co-administration, MK-467 effectively attenuated dexmedetomidine-induced cardiovascular effects in cats. The drug combination resulted in transient reduction in arterial blood pressure, without causing hypotension. 相似文献5.
A. Al-Haidar N. Moula A. Leroux F. Farnir S. Deleuze C. Sandersen H. Amory 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(6):492-501
Introduction
The aim of this study was to establish echocardiographic reference values for the equine species using allometric regression equations based on body weight (BW) and thoracic circumference (TC).Animals
A total of 239 horses or ponies were studied, including 65 warmbloods, 33 Standardbreds, 41 Thoroughbreds, 32 Arabian horses, 28 draft horses, and 40 ponies aged from 1 day to 30 years, weighing from 18 to 890 kg, with no evidence of cardiac disease.Methods
For each horse or pony, a two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography was performed. Within each breed, the relationships between BW or TC and echocardiographic dimensions were examined using power regression equations. Predictions and their 95% prediction intervals were calculated for the echocardiographic measurements.Results
Within each breed, all echocardiographic measurements showed a significant and positive relationship with a high coefficient of determination for the estimation of the regression equations using BW and TC as the main explanatory variables. Breed-specific power regression equations as well as the 95% prediction intervals were calculated for each echocardiographic measurement as a function of BW and TC.Conclusions
In the future, the body size-corrected and breed-specific echocardiographic reference values calculated in the present study could be used to discriminate between normal and abnormal values in a given animal. 相似文献6.
Luciano C.B.A. da Silva Fábio P. Sellera Ronaldo G. Gargano Thais C. Rossetto Giancarlo B. Gomes Fabiano T. Miyahira Fábio Futema Silvia R.G. Cortopassi 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):684-687
Objective
To evaluate the use of an experimental colloid model for teaching veterinary anesthesia residents ultrasound-guided technique for nerve blockade.Study design
Prospective, blinded and randomized.Methods
Colloid models were constructed for practice in ultrasound-guided needle location. Nine veterinary anesthesia residents with no prior experience of ultrasound-guided technique for nerve blocks were randomly divided into three groups. Each group received theoretical orientation. Two groups were assigned to practical training using the experimental model: group 1 (G1) received 2 hours of training and group 2 (G2) received 1 hour of training prior to testing with specific tasks. Group 3 (G3) received no practical training. During testing, the time required for task completion (e.g., display of structures and positioning a needle) and the number of failures were recorded.Results
The average times to completion of the tasks and the number of technical failures were: G1, 47 seconds and 1 failure; G2, 68 seconds and 2 failures; G3, 187 seconds and 7 failures.Conclusions and clinical relevance
In residents with no prior experience of ultrasound-guided needle placement, using an experimental colloid model and a longer training period was associated with increased accuracy and decreased time to task completion. Based on the results of this study, training with an experimental model can be recommended to improve the speed and accuracy of needle manipulation using ultrasound in clinicians with no prior experience of ultrasound-guided technique. 相似文献7.
Manuel Martin-Flores Daniel M. Sakai Chia T. Tseng Robin D. Gleed Luis Campoy 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(2):182-187
Objective
To assess the ability to visually detect fade during train-of-four (TOF) or double burst stimulation (DBS) in anesthetized dogs recovering from nondepolarizing neuromuscular block.Study design
Online anonymous survey.Population
Data from 112 participants.Methods
A web-based survey containing 12 videos of the response to ulnar nerve stimulation with TOF and 12 with DBS obtained at different levels of recovery from rocuronium-induced block was distributed to participants of the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia and the Academy of Veterinary Technicians in Anesthesia and Analgesia e-mail lists. Participants were asked to provide their highest training degree in anesthesiology, watch each video no more than twice, and determine whether fade was present. The probability to correctly recognize fade was calculated using binomial general linear models. General linear models and Tukey’s tests were used to assess the effects of level of neuromuscular block, pattern of stimulation, and observers’ training on the probability to detect fade.Results
The survey was completed by 53 diplomates, 29 licensed veterinary technicians, 24 residents and six doctors of veterinary medicine (DVMs). The probability to detect fade decreased as partial neuromuscular block became more shallow (p < 0.0001). A TOF or DBS ratio of 0.7 had a 50% chance of being detected. DBS was superior to TOF for detecting fade when the ratio was 0.3–0.69. TOF was superior to DBS when the ratio was 0.7–0.9 (p < 0.0001). There were no differences among groups of observers when assessing fade with TOF or DBS.Conclusions and clinical relevance
Detection of fade from observations of the response to TOF in dogs is unreliable. Advance training in anesthesiology or the use of DBS confers little to no advantage for this subjective test. 相似文献8.
Stephanie Stauffer Beckie Cordner Jonathon Dixon Thomas Witte 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):951-958
Objective
The aim of this preliminary proof-of-concept study was to evaluate and compare the success and complication rate of infiltration of the maxillary nerve of cadaver heads using previously described surface landmarks, standard ultrasound and a novel needle guidance positioning ultrasound system (SonixGPS).Study design
Prospective, anatomical, method-comparison study.Animals
Thirty-eight equine cadaver heads.Methods
Twenty-six veterinary students performed the three methods consecutively on cadaver heads using an 18 gauge, 8.9 cm spinal needle and 0.5 mL iodinated contrast medium. Computed tomography was used to quantify success (deposition of contrast in contact with the maxillary nerve) and complication rate (contrast identified within surrounding vasculature or periorbital structures) associated with each method.Results
Perineural injection of the maxillary nerve was attempted 76 times, with an overall success rate of 65.8% (50/76) and complication rate of 53.9% (41/76). Success rates were 50% (13/26) with surface landmark, 65.4% (17/26) with standard ultrasound guidance and 83.3% (20/24) with SonixGPS guidance approaches (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.046). No significant difference in complication rate was found between the three methods.Conclusions
Ultrasound-guided maxillary nerve blocks were significantly more successful than surface landmark approaches when performed by inexperienced operators, and the highest success rate was achieved with guidance positioning system (GPS) needle guidance.Clinical relevance
Local anaesthesia of the equine maxillary nerve in the fossa pterygopalatina is frequently used for diagnostic and surgical procedures in the standing sedated horse. Due to vague superficial landmarks with various approaches and the need for experience via ultrasound guidance, this block remains challenging. GPS guidance may improve reliability of maxillary and other nerve blocks, and allow a smaller volume of local anaesthetic solution to be used, thereby improving specificity and reducing the potential for side effects. 相似文献9.
Dienifer V. Sutil Cláudio R.S. Mattoso Julieta Volpato Nádia C. Weinert Ádson Costa Rozyanne R. Antunes Thiago R. Muller Suzane L. Beier Ronise Tochetto Felipe Comassetto Mere E. Saito 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):746-754
Objective
To evaluate the onset and duration of hematological changes and the use of Doppler ultrasound (spleen) in dogs sedated with acepromazine or xylazine.Study design
Clinical study.Animals
A total of 24 mixed breed dogs aged 1–4 years and weighing 15–25 kg.Methods
Dogs were randomly distributed into two groups: acepromazine group (AG) which were administered acepromazine (0.05 mg kg?1) intramuscularly and xylazine group (XG) administered xylazine (0.5 mg kg?1) intramuscularly. Sonographic evaluations (morphologic and hemodynamic splenic vascularization) and hematologic tests were performed before drug administration (baseline) and 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480 and 720 minutes after drug administration.Results
A significant reduction occurred in erythrogram variables in AG at 15–720 minutes corresponding with a significant enlargement of the spleen. In XG, a significant reduction was observed in the erythrogram variables at 30–60 minutes without a significant enlargement of the spleen. Hilar diameter did not change over time in either group. Flow alterations were found only in the splenic artery in AG, with a decreased final diastolic velocity observed at 60–120 minutes.Conclusions
Administration of acepromazine resulted in decreased red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume and an increased diameter of the spleen. Xylazine administration resulted in similar hematologic changes but of smaller magnitude and duration and without splenic changes. The absence of significant changes in the Doppler flow parameters of the splenic artery and vein and the hilar diameter suggests that the splenomegaly that was observed in AG was not due to splenic vasodilation. No splenic sequestration occurred after xylazine administration.Clinical relevance
The results indicate that acepromazine decreases the erythrocyte concentrations by splenic erythrocyte sequestration and concomitant splenomegaly. Xylazine can cause slight hematologic changes, but without splenic changes. 相似文献10.
Alessia Cenani Robert J. Brosnan Shara Madigan Heather K. Knych John E. Madigan 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(1):86-97
Objective
Propranolol has been suggested for anxiolysis in horses, but its sedation efficacy and side effects, both when administered alone and in combination with α2-adrenoceptor agonists, remain undetermined. This study aimed to document the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propranolol, romifidine and their combination.Study design
Randomized, crossover study.Animals
Six adult horses weighing 561 ± 48 kg.Methods
Propranolol (1 mg kg?1; treatment P), romifidine (0.1 mg kg?1; treatment R) or their combination (treatment PR) were administered intravenously with a minimum of 1 week between treatments. Alertness, behavioral responsiveness (visual and tactile) and physiologic variables were measured before and up to 960 minutes after drug administration. Blood was collected for blood gas and acid-base analyses and measurement of plasma drug concentrations. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance or Friedman with Holm–Sidak and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests (p < 0.05).Results
Systemic clearance significantly decreased and the area under the concentration-time curve significantly increased for both drugs in PR compared with P and R. Both PR and R decreased behavioral responsiveness and resulted in sedation for up to 240 and 480 minutes, respectively. Sedation was deeper in PR for the first 16 minutes. Heart rate significantly decreased in all treatments for at least 60 minutes, and PR significantly increased the incidence of severe bradycardia (<20 beats minute?1).Conclusions and clinical relevance
Although not associated with reduced behavioral responsiveness or sedation alone, propranolol augmented romifidine sedation, probably through alterations in romifidine pharmacokinetics, in horses administered PR. The occurrence of severe bradycardia warrants caution in the co-administration of these drugs at the doses studied. 相似文献11.
Objectives
To determine the prevalence of mitral valve regurgitation (MR) in asymptomatic Swedish Norfolk terriers.Animals
Seventy-nine privately owned Norfolk terriers.Materials and methods
A prospective observational study was conducted where dogs were recruited via the Swedish Norfolk terrier club. All dogs were examined using the same protocol including physical examination and Doppler echocardiography.Results
Fifteen dogs (19%) had a murmur at the time of the examination. A total of 35 dogs (44%) had MR, including 23 dogs (29%) with both MR and tricuspid valve regurgitation and 12 dogs (15%) with MR only, identified on Doppler echocardiography. In addition, 7 dogs (9%) had tricuspid valve regurgitation only. The prevalence of MR increased with increasing age (p < 0.0001).Conclusions
Mitral valve regurgitation is common in asymptomatic Norfolk terriers with and without murmurs and the prevalence increases with age. The impact of MR in this breed on survival remains to be elucidated by a longitudinal study. 相似文献12.
Objective
To describe a transorbital approach to the maxillary nerve block in dogs and compare it with a traditional approach.Study design
Prospective, randomized controlled study.Animals
Heads from 17 euthanized dogs (10 Greyhounds, three Border Collies and four of mixed breed).Methods
A volume of 1 mL of methylene blue dye was injected by each of two techniques, a traditional percutaneous approach and a transorbital approach to the maxillary nerve block. Both techniques were used on each head, alternating the left and right sides after random assignment to the first head. The heads were dissected to reveal the maxillary nerve and the length of nerve stained was measured.Results
There was no significant difference (p = 0.67) in the proportion of nerves stained for a length >6 mm by either technique (88.2% transorbital versus 82.3% percutaneous). The mean length of nerve stained did not differ significantly between the techniques (p = 0.26).Conclusions and clinical relevance
The transorbital approach to the maxillary nerve block described here presents a viable alternative to the traditional percutaneous approach. Further study is required to confirm its efficacy and safety under clinical conditions. 相似文献13.
Peter M. DiGeronimo Anderson F. da Cunha Bruno Pypendop João Brandão Rhett Stout Max Rinaldi Thomas N. Tully 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(2):287-294
Objective
To determine the median effective dose (ED50) of intravenous (IV) bupivacaine associated with a 50% probability of causing clinically relevant cardiovascular effects [defined as 30% change in heart rate (HR) or mean arterial pressure (MAP)] in chickens anesthetized with isoflurane.Study design
Randomized up-and-down study.Animals
A total of 14 Ross-708 broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) weighing 1.70–2.75 kg.Methods
Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane. Monitoring included the electrocardiogram and invasive arterial pressures. Chickens were administered bupivacaine IV over 2 minutes using a dose based on the response of the previous animal. Dose was decreased when HR and/or MAP in the previous animal increased or decreased ≥30% after bupivacaine administration, or increased when HR or MAP changed <30%. The ED50 was defined as the dose resulting in ≥30% variation in HR or MAP in 50% of the population studied.Results
The IV ED50 of bupivacaine was 1.94 mg kg?1 using Dixon’s up-and-down method and 1.96 mg kg?1 by logistic regression.Conclusions and clinical relevance
These results suggest that 1.33 and 1.96 mg kg?1 of IV bupivacaine are associated with a respective 1 or 50% probability of a clinically significant change in MAP in isoflurane-anesthetized chickens. Identification of the cardiovascular changes associated with different doses of bupivacaine can be used as the basis for studies of therapeutic applications in the domestic chicken. Further studies are required to determine interspecies variation. 相似文献14.
A. Bascu?án K.M. Thieman Mankin A.B. Saunders J.M. Bright V. Scharf A. Singh L. O&#x;Sullivan B. Brisson A.H. Estrada S.P. Tou C. Ruoff 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(1):35-43
Objectives
To describe signalment, clinical characteristics, diagnostic, treatment, and outcome data in a large case series of cats with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).Animals
Fifty cats with confirmed PDA.Methods
Retrospective review of medical records from five referral veterinary hospitals for cats with PDA between 2000 and 2015. Cats were included if a PDA was visualized echocardiographically, during surgery, or on post-mortem examination.Results
Median age at presentation was 6 months (range: 36 days–9.7 years; n = 50), and sex distribution was approximately equal (27 male, 23 female). Most cats did not have clinical signs (70.2%; 33/47) at the time of presentation. Murmurs were classified as continuous (55%; 22/40) or systolic (45%; 18/40). Echocardiography confirmed left-to-right shunting in 33 cats (82.5%; 33/40) and right-to-left shunting in 7 (17.5%; 7/40). Concurrent cardiac anomalies were identified in 54.5% (18/33) and pulmonary hypertension in 45.7% (16/35). Closure was pursued in 68% (34/50), and complications associated with the procedure occurred in 14.7% (5/34) of cats, including one intraoperative mortality. Long-term follow up was available in 80% (40/50) of cats.Conclusions
Cats with PDA often do not display clinical signs and may not have the characteristic physical examination findings typical of PDA in dogs. An increased prevalence of concurrent cardiac anomalies and pulmonary hypertension were found relative to previous reports. Thoracic radiographs and echocardiogram may provide the most comprehensive information for making a diagnosis and treatment recommendations. PDA closure was associated with a favorable long-term outcome in cats included in this study. 相似文献15.
D.A. Frese J.D. Thomason C. Reinhardt S. Bartle D. Rethorst G.H. Loneragan D. Thomson 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(2):153-159
Introduction
Atrial premature complexes have been reported to be the most common arrhythmia in cattle and is suspected to be secondary to systemic disease, especially gastrointestinal disease. In order to properly identify pathologic arrhythmia in cattle, the normal rhythm and arrhythmia prevalence should be defined. The objective of this study was to determine the normal heart rate, rhythm, number of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), and atrial premature complexes (APCs) in unrestrained Angus steers.Animals
Twenty-seven client owned steers with unremarkable physical examinations and serum biochemical analyses were used.Materials and methods
Twenty-four hour Holter monitors, attached by a custom-made harness, were retrospectively evaluated. Three lead electrocardiographic registrations of good quality and normal sinus rhythm were obtained from all steers in the study.Results
The mean heart rate was 66.8 bpm ± 16.4 bpm. Ventricular premature complexes were rare (noted in 14.8% of steers), and APCs were common (noted in 85% of the steers). Simple second degree AV block was observed in 18.5% of the steers.Conclusion
In summary, healthy steers have rare single VPCs, although it is possible for an individual animal to have apparent more frequent VPCs. Mean heart rate varies with a diurnal pattern similar to other species. Atrial premature complexes are the most prevalent abnormality observed in feedlot steers. 相似文献16.
Background
False tendons (FTs) are string-like structures in the left ventricle. A FT might produce focal thickening at its insertion region of the left ventricle, which could be mistaken for focal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Objectives
To perform a prospective, echocardiographic follow-up examination of feline FTs and compare the wall thickness at the FT insertion region and a normal region without FTs at both examinations.Animals
One hundred twenty-eight cats with one or multiple FTs without other cardiac abnormalities or systemic disease.Methods
Measurements of the interventricular septum at end-diastole at a region with and without FT insertion were performed using two-dimensional echocardiography at both examinations and compared statistically using a Student's t-test.Results
The follow-up interval ranged from 5 to 110 months (mean, 33 months). Myocardial wall segments with FT insertions were significantly thicker compared with neighboring wall regions in the long axis, but not in the short-axis views obtained. Comparing the wall thickness of follow-up examinations with the initial examination, revealed a significant growth of both FT and non-FT segments. However, differences in growth between the FT region and region without FTs were not statistically different.Conclusions and clinical importance
Many normal cats have FTs, associated with focal thickening compared with neighboring regions. This thickening can increase over time, proportionate to growth in other (non-FT) segments. The association of such thickening with an FT and the absence of disproportionate growth in this segment over time suggests that these segments are simply thicker related to FT insertion. 相似文献17.
Anderson F. da Cunha Sara J. Ramos Michelle Domingues Amanda Shelby Hugues Beaufrère Rhett Stout Mark J. Acierno 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(5):1068-1075
Objectives
1) To determine which peripheral artery commonly used for invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) monitoring yields the least bias when compared with noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) values obtained at the antebrachium of the dog, and 2) to identify and describe differences in systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic arterial pressures (DAP) among different anatomical locations.Study design
Prospective experimental study.Animals
Twenty adult hound dogs weighing 24.5 ± 1.1 kg (mean ± standard deviation).Methods
Four peripheral arteries—dorsal pedal, median caudal, intermediate auricular and superficial palmar arteries—were catheterized with 20 gauge, 3.8 cm catheters. One NIBP cuff was placed in the middle third of the antebrachium. Four sets of IBP and NIBP measurements were simultaneously collected every 2 minutes. A linear mixed model was performed to analyze the collected data.Results
IBP values varied depending on the arterial catheterization site. The difference was greater for SAP. NIBP measured at the antebrachium had the best agreement with IBP measured at the median caudal artery.Conclusion and clinical relevance
IBP varies among anatomical locations. The smallest bias and narrowest limits of agreement were obtained at the median caudal artery, providing the best overall agreement with the equipment studied. The median caudal artery may be the preferable anatomical location for clinical comparison studies between IBP and NIBP in dogs when the cuff is on the antebrachium. 相似文献18.
R.M. Cervenec C.D. Stauthammer D.M. Fine H.B. Kellihan B.A. Scansen 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(3):240-246
Objectives
To evaluate survival time in dogs with persistent atrial standstill after pacemaker implantation and to compare the survival times for cardiac-related vs. non-cardiac deaths. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the effects of breed and the presence of congestive heart failure (CHF) at the time of diagnosis on survival time.Animals
Twenty dogs with persistent atrial standstill and pacemaker implantation.Methods
Medical records were searched to identify dogs diagnosed with persistent atrial standstill based on electrocardiogram that underwent pacemaker implantation. Survival after pacemaker implantation was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.Results
The median survival time after pacemaker implantation for all-cause mortality was 866 days. There was no significant difference (p=0.573) in median survival time for cardiac (506 days) vs. non-cardiac deaths (400 days). The presence of CHF at the time of diagnosis did not affect the survival time (P=0.854). No difference in median survival time was noted between breeds (P=0.126).Conclusions
Dogs with persistent atrial standstill have a median survival time of 866 days with pacemaker implantation, though a wide range of survival times was observed. There was no difference in the median survival time for dogs with cardiac-related deaths and those without. Patient breed and the presence of CHF before pacemaker implantation did not affect median survival time. 相似文献19.
Preet M. Singh Craig B. Johnson Brett Gartrell Sheryl Mitchinson Antony Jacob Paul Chambers 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):538-545
Objective
To evaluate analgesic efficacies of morphine and butorphanol in lame broiler chickens.Study design
Double blind, randomized, controlled experimental study.Animals
In study 1, 36 lame and 36 sound chickens. In study 2, 48 lame and 48 sound chickens.Methods
Sound and lame chickens were gait scored and randomly assigned into four groups: sound-drug, sound-placebo, lame-drug, and lame-placebo in study 1. In study 2, an additional lame and sound handling control group was included. Chickens in drug groups were injected with either morphine or butorphanol 2 mg kg?1 intravenously. Chickens in placebo groups were injected with an equal volume of normal saline. All birds underwent an obstacle course (OC) and latency-to-lie (LTL) test before injection and at 30 minutes and 2 hours after injection, to assess their walking ability and their standing ability. The time taken to finish the OC and the standing time in the LTL test were recorded. Friedman tests with Dunn’s correction were used to identify significant differences.Results
Lame chickens finished the OC faster (mean ± standard deviation 36 ± 8 c.f. 69 ± 18 seconds) after the injection of butorphanol. Morphine caused sedation with an increase in time taken to finish the OC, even in sound chickens. In the lame handling control and placebo groups the OC times increased and the LTL times decreased with each observation.Conclusion
Intravenous butorphanol (2 mg kg?1) may be analgesic in chickens for up to 2 hours. Morphine caused sedation. 相似文献20.
Roxanne K. Buck Leith R.C. Meyer George F. Stegmann Sabine B.R. Kästner Maya Kummrow Christina Gerlach Geoffrey T. Fosgate Gareth E. Zeiler 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(1):138-143