Effect of different levels of mannan-oligosaccharide supplementation on some immunological variables in weaned piglets

The effect of different doses of mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on specific and non-specific immune responses was studied in piglets, weaned at 28 days. A total of 58 piglets were used in six groups. Five groups were fed 0, 1, 2, 4 g MOS product per kg diet or with growth promoting antibiotics and immunized by inactivated Aujeszky’s disease virus (AyV) vaccine at week 1 and 3 of the experiment (35 and 49 days). A sixth group, receiving the same non-supplemented diets was not immunized. Blood samples for lymphocyte stimulation (LST) and AyV neutralization (VN) tests were taken from all pigs on the first day of the experiment and at weekly intervals for 5 weeks. At week 8, the immunized piglets were infected orally with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. All piglets were weighed and slaughtered at week 10, digesta from small intestine were collected and tested for the presence of secretory (s)IgA. Feeding MOS supplementation resulted in enhanced specific and non-specific immune responses, however, a regressive dose-response of MOS was observed. Both the specific cellular (LST) and humoral responses (VN) were enhanced after 2 weeks of feeding 1 g/kg MOS and significantly differed from the antibiotic positive control. The same tendency was detected in case of the non-specific LSTs, although these started some weeks later showing significant differences by the fifth week. Higher doses of MOS had no further beneficial effect on systemic immunity. In addition, 1 g/kg MOS supplementation group also showed some advantage in local immune responsiveness. Therefore, based on the studied immune variables, 1 g/kg MOS product is suggested in the diet of weaned piglets.     

凝结芽孢杆菌BC66对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及肠道形态结构的影响

为研究凝结芽孢杆菌BC66对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表现消化率及肠道形态结构的影响,试验选取同批次体况相近的21日龄[杜×长×大,(6.39±0.36)kg]断奶仔猪180头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复20头.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别在基础日粮中添加1.0×106、1.0×107 cfu/g凝结芽孢...     

黑曲霉益生菌对断奶仔猪生长及日粮养分消化的影响

选取28和35日龄健康杜长大断奶仔猪,研究日粮添加黑曲霉出发菌或变异菌对仔猪生长及日粮养分消化的影响。结果表明,黑曲霉变异菌株(ANO2)可提高仔猪的日增重和采食量(P<0.05),降低其料肉比(P<0.05);黑曲霉出发菌和变异菌均可以显著提高饲料中干物质和粗纤维的消化率(P<0.05),但对粗蛋白质、无氮浸出物和粗脂肪的消化率无显著影响;黑曲霉还可提高断奶仔猪肠道内纤维酶活性(P<0.05)。变异菌株的促生长效应要明显好于出发菌;变异菌可以显著提高仔猪肠道内总蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),但出发菌对仔猪的日增重、采食量和肠道总蛋白酶活性没有显著影响。这表明,利用N 离子注入诱变选育益生菌是可行的,其实际饲喂效果也是比较理想的。     

酵母提取物对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

试验考察了酵母提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响.试验选用21日龄断奶仔猪80头,随机分为对照组和试验组两个处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复1栏,每栏10头.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中额外添加0.5%啤酒酵母提取物,饲喂期28 d.结果显示,日粮中额外添加酵母提取物试验组显著提高了断奶仔猪平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05),同时平均日采食量(ADFI)有明显的提高趋势.与对照组相比,添加酵母提取物试验组ADG和ADFI分别提高11.98%和5.85%,同时仔猪腹泻率降低了40.10%,仔猪料肉比(F/G)降低5.40%.试验结果表明,饲粮中额外添加0.5%酵母提取物能够增加断奶仔猪采食量,提高生长性能.     

不同膳食纤维来源对断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响

文章旨在评价饲粮中不同纤维来源对断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响。试验选择84头体重接近的28日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,分别饲喂对照组饲粮以及添加5%玉米纤维(CB)、小麦纤维(WB)、大豆纤维(SB)的饲粮,处理28d。试验结果:相比于对照组,CB、WB组料肉比(FCR)分别下降8.5%、7.9%(P<0.05);CB组仔猪总能量(GE)、有机物(OM)、干物质(DM)消化率分别降低2.1%、2.1%、2.9%(P<0.05),粗纤维(CF)、磷(P)消化率分别增加7.8%、29.3%(P<0.05);WB组仔猪GE、OM、DM消化率较对照组分别降低1.8%、3.9%、3.4%(P<0.05),CF、P消化率分别增加8.8%、19.3%(P<0.05);此外,SB组CF、OM、P消化率分别增加9.9%、5.1%、4.5%(P<0.05)。表明,饲粮中纤维显著影响仔猪生长,不同纤维源对仔猪生长性能及养分消化率的影响不同。     

氧化应激对断奶仔猪生产性能和养分利用率的影响

试验选用24头断奶仔猪随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪,将过氧化物值(POV)为11.78meqO2/kg的新鲜鱼油(FFO)和POV分别为399.81、701.62、1065.74meqO2/kg的氧化鱼油(OFO)以3%的比例加入到断奶仔猪日粮中,饲喂4周,旨在建立以氧化油脂为氧化应激源的氧化应激动物模型,初探氧化应激对断奶仔猪生产性能和养分利用率的影响。结果表明,氧化应激降低试验猪只生产性能和养分利用率。与FFO组相比,以POV为1065.74meqO2/kg的氧化鱼油作用效果最明显。该过氧化程度的氧化鱼油可使平均日增重降低8.16%,饲料增重比提高9.22%(P<0.05);氮表观消化率和表观利用率分别下降21.91%(P<0.001)和30.55%(P<0.001);干物质和粗脂肪表观消化率分别降低13.05%(P<0.05)和35.18%(P<0.05)。结论:在断奶仔猪日粮中添加3%的POV为1065.74meqO2/kg的氧化鱼油可诱导氧化应激,引起生产性能和养分利用率的下降。     

Effects of dietary supplementation with epidermal growth factor on nutrient digestibility,intestinal development and expression of nutrient transporters in early‐weaned piglets

The abnormalities in intestinal morphology and digestive function during weaning are associated with the loss of milk‐borne growth factors. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to stimulate the growth of animals. This study was to determine the effect of dietary EGF on nutrient digestibility, intestinal development and the expression of genes encoding nutrient transporters in weaned piglets. Forty‐two piglets were weaned at 21 days and assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) basal diet (control), (2) basal diet + 200 µg/kg EGF or (3) basal diet + 400 µg/kg EGF. Each treatment consisted of 14 replicates, and seven piglets from each treatment were sampled on day 7 and 14. The EGF supplementation significantly elevated (p < 0.05) the coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus, but tended to decrease sucrase activity (p < 0.10) than the control group. At day 7 post‐weaning, animals receiving EGF diets showed a tendency (p < 0.10) towards greater ileal villus height (VH), jejunal crypt depth (CD) and duodenal VH:CD when compared with the control group. Moreover, the mRNA levels of glucose transporter 2 (Slc2a2), neutral amino acid transporter (Slc6a19) and calbindin D9k (S100G) tended to be higher (p < 0.10) for EGF groups than the control group. By day 14, EGF supplementation markedly enhanced (p < 0.05) the VH, CD and VH:CD in the jejunum compared to the control group. This addition also up‐regulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA level and the protein abundance of peptide transporter 1 than the control group. These findings demonstrated that dietary EGF beneficially enhanced nutrient digestibility, improved intestinal development and increased the mRNA expression of nutrient transporters in weaned piglets.     

Effects of composite antimicrobial peptide on growth performance and health in weaned piglets

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of composite antimicrobial peptide (CAP) on growth performance and health status in weaned piglets. Over 28 days, 36 weaned piglets (body weight, 10.58 ± 0.99 kg) underwent three treatments: negative control (NC, basal diet), positive control (PC, basal diet + 20 mg/kg colistin sulphate + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin), and CAP treatment (CAP, basal diet with 400 mg/kg CAP). Average daily gain of piglets fed the CAP diet was greater (P < 0.05) than that of piglets fed the PC or NC diet during days 1–7, 8–14 and 15–21. Diarrhea rates of piglets fed the CAP or PC diet were lower (P < 0.05) than those of NC‐fed piglets during days 1–7. Apparent total tract digestibility for dry matter and crude ash in CAP‐fed piglets was greater (P < 0.05) than that of NC‐fed piglets. In the CAP group, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts were greater (P < 0.05) and Escherichia coli counts were lower (P < 0.05) than numbers for the NC group. Our results indicate that dietary CAP had beneficial effects on growth performance and health status in weaned piglets.     

Changes in diarrhea,nutrients apparent digestibility,digestive enzyme activities of weaned piglets in response to chitosan‐zinc chelate

A total of 120 weanling barrows weighing 6.11 ± 0.20 kg were randomly allotted to four treatments with three replications (i.e. pen) of ten piglets per replicate. Pigs were received corn‐soybean basal diet (control) or the same basal diet supplemented with the following sources of zinc: (i) 100 mg/kg of Zn as ZnSO₄; (ii) 100 mg/kg of Zn as chitosan‐Zn chelate (CS‐Zn); and (iii) 100 mg/kg of Zn as ZnSO₄ mixed with chitosan (CS + ZnSO₄). The results showed that CS‐Zn could highly improve average daily gain and average daily feed intake than those of ZnSO₄ or CS+ ZnSO₄ (P < 0.05). The pigs fed dietary CS‐Zn had lower diarrhea incidence and higher apparent digestibility of crude protein than those of the pigs fed dietary ZnSO₄ (P < 0.05). The protease activities in duodenal content of the pigs receiving CS‐Zn diets was higher than that of the pigs fed dietary ZnSO₄ or CS + ZnSO₄ (P < 0.05). The amylase activity in duodenal content of the pigs fed dietary CS‐Zn was higher than that of the pigs receiving ZnSO₄ diets or basal diets (P < 0.05). These results indicated that dietary CS‐Zn showed different bioactivities from ZnSO₄ or CS + ZnSO₄ in reducing the incidence of diarrhea, improving activities of digestive enzymes and growth performance of weaned pigs.     

非淀粉多糖复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

选用120头平均体重为(8.1±0.2)kg的PIC断奶仔猪,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,研究在饲料中添加复合酶对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响。试验共设5个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复6头猪。试验期为28d,分为前期(1～14d)和后期(15～28d)两个阶段。结果表明:非淀粉多糖酶能显著提高断奶仔猪后期、全期日增重,降低料重比(P0.05);能显著降低仔猪腹泻发生率(P0.05),复合酶Ⅱ效果好于复合酶Ⅰ。     

复合植物提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清指标的影响

试验旨在研究日粮中添加假蒟和番石榴叶复合提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清指标的影响.选择200头21日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复20头猪.对照组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加200mg/kg的复合植物提取物.试验期21 d.结果 显示,各组仔猪生长性能无显著差异(P＞0.05).与对照组相...     

不同复合酶对断奶仔猪生产性能和饲料养分利用率影响的比较研究

选用25～27日龄断奶的"长×大"二元杂交断奶仔猪96头[平均体重为(7.31±0.14)kg],以研究不同复合酶对断奶仔猪生产性能和饲料养分消化率的影响。试验仔猪按完全随机区组设计分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复8头仔猪,试验期14 d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组A、B、C在基础日粮中分别添加不同的复合酶A、B、C。试验结果表明:基础日粮中添加复合酶A、B、C后,断奶仔猪的平均日增重分别提高了7.58%(P<0.05)、10.15%(P<0.05)和5.74%(P<0.05),料重比分别降低了5.47%(P<0.05)、8.59%(P<0.05)和6.25%(P<0.05),有机物、粗蛋白和磷的消化率显著提高(P<0.05),粗蛋白的消化率分别提高了2.96%、3.3%和2.26%。在3种复合酶中,以复合酶B的效果为最好,其次为复合酶A和C。     

不同蛋白水平日粮对DLY断奶仔猪生产性能和营养物质消化率的影响

选择30头28日龄断奶的DLY仔猪,平均体重(8.22±0.31)kg,按体重、性别、品种一致原则随机分为3个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复1头猪,分别饲喂可消化赖氨酸水平相同,蛋白水平分别为17.0%、19.0%、21.0%的三种不同日粮,考察不同蛋白水平对仔猪生产性能和营养物质消化率的影响。试验结果表明:在氨基酸水平与模式一致时,日粮中蛋白水平对仔猪生长性能没有明显差异,以日粮中蛋白质水平为19%时,乳猪的生长性能最佳。     

白头翁提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能和抗热应激的影响

为探讨白头翁提取物对断奶生长性能和抗热应激的影响,本研究将40只断奶仔猪随机分为白头翁提取物高、中、低剂量组和空白组,每组10只,共计4组。白头翁提取物高、中、低剂量组分别按照添加饲料重量的2.0%、1.0%、0.5%添加,空白组正常饲喂。试验期间观察断奶仔猪的临床表现,试验前、试验结束时对试验动物进行称重,每天记录饲料的消耗量,计算日增重、日均采食量及增重比。试验结束时,前腔静脉采血,分离血清,ELSIA法检测血液中的三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4),精氨酸加压素(AVP)。研究结果表明,试验期间热应激状态下,仔猪精神状态不良,采食量减少,部分仔猪出现腹泻。饲喂添加白头翁提取物组仔猪临床表现正常。白头翁提取物低剂量组末重增重明显,与空白组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);白头翁提取物组日均增重增高,与空白组相比,差异极显著(P<0.01),白头翁提取物中、低剂量组三碘甲状腺原氨酸含量降低,与空白组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);白头翁提取物组甲状腺素降低,与空白组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);白头翁提取物组精氨酸加压素含量升高,与空白组相比,差异显著(P<0.05)。白头翁提取物可提高热应激仔猪的生长性能,有一定的抗热应激作用。     

非淀粉多糖复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪养分表观消化率的影响

本试验采用单因素完全随机化试验设计,研究在饲料中添加复合酶对断奶仔猪生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响。选用120头平均体重为(8.1±0.2)kg的PIC断奶仔猪,随机分为5个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复6头猪。5个处理组分别为对照组(玉米-豆粕型、基础日粮)、试验1组(对照基础日粮+100g/t非淀粉多糖酶Ⅰ)、试验2组(对照基础日粮+100g/t非淀粉多糖酶Ⅱ)、试验3组(对照基础日粮+150g/t非淀粉多糖酶Ⅱ)、试验4组(对照基础日粮+200g/t非淀粉多糖酶Ⅱ)。结果表明:复合酶Ⅱ能显著提高断奶仔猪粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、磷的表观消化率(P0.05)。     

发酵中草药对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道菌群的影响

试验研究日粮中添加发酵中草药对松辽黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道菌群的影响.试验选择(35±1)d的松辽黑猪断奶仔猪54头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头猪.对照组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5％发酵中草药添加剂,试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5％不发酵中草药添加剂.预试期5d,正式试验期30 d.结...     

日粮中添加酵母核酸对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

为探讨日粮中添加酵母核酸对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响,试验选取体重相近,公母各半,23日龄杜×长×大健康断奶仔猪120头,按照体重和公母比例随机分为三个处理组,每个处理组4个重复,每个重复10头仔猪,进行为期23 d的饲养试验。对照组使用正常营养标准的断奶仔猪料,试验组Ⅰ在仔猪料中添加0.3%的酵母核酸提取物(雅康宝450),试验组Ⅱ在仔猪料中添加0.5%的酵母核酸提取物。试验结果表明:在断奶仔猪料中添加酵母核酸提取物可显著地提高断奶仔猪的日均采食量(P<0.05)和平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低断奶仔猪的腹泻率(P<0.05)。     

Effect of fermented blood cells on growth performance and intestinal characteristics of weaned piglets

The increase in feed costs has led feeder to replace protein source. Blood meal can be used in piglet diets instead of fish meal (FM). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of fermented blood cells (FBCs) on the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets. One hundred eighty 28‐day‐old piglets were assigned and were divided into 4 groups (9 L per groups and 5 pigs per litters) randomly. The piglets were fed one of four experimental diets, fish meal, blood cells (BCs), liquid‐state fermented blood cells (LFBCs) or solid‐state fermented blood cells (SFBCs) respectively. The dietary with LFBCs and SFBCs increased the average daily gain and feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < .05). In duodenum, LFBC group increased the villous height (p < .05). The SFBC and LFBC group significantly increased the villous height (p < .05) in the jejunum. Fermented blood cells exhibit a positive regulatory function on the intestinal tract and modulate intestinal microflora. Compared with the fish meal group, the CAT, GSH‐PX and SOD activity, and MDA level was no significant differences in jejunum and plasma of weaned piglets (p > .05). LFBCs and SFBCs significantly increased the bifidobacteria and lactobacillus number in the caecum (p < .05). Dietary LFBCs increased the expression of ZO‐1 mRNA in the jejunal of weaned piglets (p < .05). In conclusion, dietary with fermented blood cells in weaned piglets had improved growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets.     

共轭亚油酸对断奶仔猪生产性能及免疫的影响

试验选择30日龄、体重相近的杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪40头,按体重和性别随机分为4个组,公母各半。各组在相同基础日粮中分别添加0%、0.5%、1.0%和2.0%共轭亚油酸(CLA),研究日粮中添加CLA对断奶仔猪生产性能与免疫的影响。结果表明,当日粮中CLA的添加量为1.0%和2.0%时,可以显著提高断奶仔猪试验末重、日增重、饲料利用率、IgM水平、T淋巴细胞转化率、CD4 及CD4 /CD8 比例,降低仔猪采食量及腹泻率(P<0.05)。而对IgG、IgA水平及CD8 无显著影响(P>0.05)。     

苍术等中草药复方添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

本试验旨在研究中草药复方添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响.试验选用126头28±2日龄体重为7.27±0.18kg断奶长白×约克夏仔猪,按照单因素完全随机化设计随机分为7个处理组.中药复方制剂是分水煎剂和散剂两种剂型添加的,1组为对照组,2、3、4组为水煎剂添加组,添加量分别为0.05％、0.10％、0.15％,5、6、7组为散剂组,添加量分别为0.05％、0.10％、0.15％.试验期21d,仔猪断奶后7d、14 d、21d测定其生长性能.结果表明:随添加量的升高水煎剂和散剂的日增重和日采食量均显著提高(P＜0.05);中草药各组料肉比差异显著(P＜0.05).中草药复方最适添加量为散剂0.15％.