乳酸菌融合表达传染性法氏囊病毒VP2蛋白与大肠杆菌LTB及其诱导免疫应答的研究

为研究传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)保护性抗原VP2与E.coli不耐热肠毒素B亚单位(LTB)在戊糖乳杆菌(L.pentosus)中的共表达及其免疫原性,本研究以乳酸杆菌表面表达型和分泌表达型质粒pPG-1和pPG-2为载体,以VP2为目的基因,构建VP2基因单独表达及与LTB基因融合表达的4种重组L.pentosus,分别命名为pPG-1-VP2/L.pentosus、pPG-1-VP2-LTB/L.pentosus、pPG-2-VP2/L.pentosus及pPG-2-VP2-LTB/L.pentosus。表达的重组蛋白分子量大小分别约为47 ku、55 ku、45 ku及53ku。将构建的重组L.pentosus分别口服免疫SPF雏鸡,以IDEXX试剂盒测定体液免疫应答水平,结果显示,不同表达方式的重组L.pentosus均可以刺激机体产生特异性循环抗体和分泌抗体(sIgA),其中pPG-2-VP2-LTB/L.pentosus诱导产生的抗体滴度高于其它组。MTT法检测不同表达方式的重组乳酸菌免疫雏鸡外周血淋巴细胞增殖反应,结果显示特异性抗原对免疫雏鸡淋巴细胞的增殖指数显著高于未免疫组,表明重组菌能够刺激机体产生特异性细胞免疫应答。这些结果表明4种重组菌均能够刺激机体产生局部黏膜免疫和全身系统免疫应答;并且带有黏膜免疫佐剂LTB融合表达试验组高于VP2蛋白单独表达组。     

分泌型和非分泌型表达猪细小病毒VP2蛋白的重组乳酸菌经口免疫小鼠的效果分析

对比分析在不同细胞部位表达猪细小病毒（PPV）主要免疫保护性抗原VP2蛋白的重组干酪乳杆菌系统作为口服疫苗的免疫效果。将构建的细胞表面表达和分泌表达猪细小病毒VP2蛋白的重组干酪乳杆菌分别经口免疫BALB／c小鼠，免疫分3次进行，时间间隔为2周，每次连续接种3d，每只小鼠每次接种100μL10^10CFU／mL的菌量，对照组小鼠接种相同剂量的PBS。初免后不同时间收集免疫小鼠粪便及肠黏液样本测定小鼠产生抗PPV的特异性sIgA抗体水平，采集小鼠血液样本测定其血清中抗PPV的特异性IgG抗体水平。间接ELISA检测结果表明，两种表达系统均能诱导小鼠产生黏膜及系统免疫应答，分泌型的重组菌系统免疫小鼠诱导机体产生的抗PPV的特异性sIgA和IgG抗体水平高于细胞表面表达型的重组菌系统的免疫效果，表明分泌型的重组乳酸菌作为活菌疫苗具有更好的免疫性。     

Enhanced protective immune responses against Salmonella Enteritidis infection by Salmonella secreting an Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit protein

Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) protein is a potent mucosal adjuvant. In this study, the effect of an attenuated Salmonella secreting LTB protein as an adjuvant strain (JOL1228) for a live Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vaccine candidate (JOL919) was evaluated. In a single immunization experiment, chickens immunized with a mixture of JOL919 (5 parts) and JOL1228 (1 part) showed enhanced mucosal and cellular immune responses and efficient protection against salmonellosis as compared to those unimmunized control chickens. In further analysis, chickens were primed at one day of age and were boosted at the fifth week of age to prolong immune responses and to maximize the protection efficacy against salmonellosis. The immunized groups B (prime and booster with JOL919), C (prime with JOL919-JOL1228 mixture and booster with JOL919), and D (prime and booster with JOL919-JOL1228 mixture) showed significantly higher humoral and cellular immune responses as compared to those in the unimmunized control group A. In addition, immunized groups C and D showed fewer gross lesions in the liver and spleen and a lower number of SE-positive organs, with the lowest bacterial counts in the SE challenge strain as compared to the control group. These results indicate that SE vaccination with the LTB strain can have an adjuvant effect on the vaccine candidate by enhancing immune responses, and that a prime-boost strategy with the addition of the adjuvant strain can efficiently protect birds against salmonellosis.     

Development of a DNA vaccine against chicken anemia virus by using a bicistronic vector expressing VP1 and VP2 proteins of CAV

In the present study, we describe the development of a DNA vaccine against chicken anemia virus. The VP1 and VP2 genes of CAV were amplified and cloned into pBudCE4.1 to construct two DNA vaccines, namely, pBudVP1 and pBudVP2-VP1. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that co-expression of VP1 with VP2 are required to induce significant levels of antibody against CAV. Subsequently, the vaccines were tested in 2-week-old SPF chickens. Chickens immunized with the DNA-plasmid pBudVP2-VP1 showed positive neutralizing antibody titer against CAV. Furthermore, VP1-specific proliferation induction of splenocytes and also high serum levels of Th1 cytokines, IL-2 and IFN-γ were detected in the pBudVP2-VP1-vaccinated chickens. These results suggest that the recombinant DNA plasmid co-expressing VP1 and VP2 can be used as a potential DNA vaccine against CAV.     

传染性胰腺坏死病毒VP3蛋白在干酪乳杆菌的表面表达

为获得传染性胰腺坏死病毒(IPNV)VP3蛋白在菌体表面表达,本研究将IPNV VP3基因定向插入乳酸杆菌表面表达型载体pPG1,构建的重组质粒pPG1-VP3电转化干酪乳杆菌,获得了重组干酪乳杆菌表达系统pPG1-VP3/Lactobacillus casei393。经1%糖诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE和western blot检测表明,有约31ku蛋白得到了表达,其大小与理论值相符;诱导表达的菌体进行间接免疫荧光试验表明,重组蛋白在菌体表面获得了表达。该病毒VP3蛋白在乳酸菌的表面表达为进一步探讨传染性胰腺坏死病毒VP3蛋白免疫原性及相关功能奠定了基础。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒主要结构蛋白VP2、VP1和VP2-VP1串联基因的原核表达及其初步应用

为获得传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)特异性抗体检测用抗原VP2、VP1及VP2-VP1蛋白,分别设计引物扩增IBDV野毒株NN1172的VP2和VP1基因,并扩增VP2和VP1基因中抗原性和亲水性较好的重要区域,通过PCR扩增基因串联方法对截短的VP2和截短的VP1基因进行串联,首次获得VP2-VP1串联基因,并对VP2、VP1和VP2-VP1串联基因进行了原核表达和鉴定。结果成功构建了原核表达载体pET-VP2、pET-VP1和pET-VP2-VP1;诱导表达条件显示,3个重组质粒分别转入BL21菌株后经0.05 mmol/L IPTG诱导表达,分别得到分子量为69、114和63 kDa的VP2、VP1和VP2-VP1重组蛋白,且均以包涵体形式表达,3个重组蛋白分别于诱导后5、3和6 h时表达量最多。Western blot结果显示,表达的VP2、VP1和VP2-VP1蛋白与鸡抗IBDV阳性血清均具有良好的反应原性。以纯化的VP2、VP1和VP2-VP1蛋白作为包被抗原对传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)、呼肠孤病毒(ReoV)、禽白血病病毒(ALV)和新城疫病毒(NDV)4种阳性血清检测均为阴性,表明所获得的纯化蛋白具有高度的特异性;对免疫了IBD灭活疫苗,IBD基因工程疫苗和IBD弱毒疫苗的商业鸡群进行抗体检测,结果均能显示疫苗免疫后机体抗体水平的变化趋势。本研究表明利用该原核表达系统所表达的3个蛋白均具有良好的免疫反应活性,为IBDV特异性抗体的检测和新型亚单位疫苗的研发奠定基础。     

白细胞介素-2基因表达质粒对犬细小病毒VP2DNA疫苗在小鼠的免疫增强作用

犬细小病毒编码的VP2蛋白是该病毒主要抗原蛋白。研究证实由VP2基因制备的DNA疫苗能够刺激机体产生免疫应答反应。为提高VP2DNA疫苗的免疫原性,本研究在小鼠体内尝试了利用犬白细胞介素2（cIL-2）基因增强VP2DNA疫苗免疫应答的研究。通过RT-PCR方法从犬脾淋巴细胞中分别扩增含终止密码子和不合终止密码子的cIL-2cDNA基因,然后将基因插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3．1中,分别构建成非融合的和与Myc／His融合的clL-2基因真核分泌型表达载体,pcDNA-cIL-2和pcDNA-cIL-2／MH。将pcDNA-oIL-2／MH表达栽体通过磷酸钙方法转染HEK293T细胞进行瞬时表达,以确定构建的表达栽体能否介导cIL-2在真核细胞中进行分泌表达。然后用VP2表达载体（pcDNA-CD5sp-VP2,本室构建）单注射和VP2／IL-2表达载体共注射对小鼠进行免疫（用pcD-NA3．1栽体作为阴性对照）。免疫后通过ELISA方法检测免疫后不同时期小鼠血清VP2的抗体水平,并通过细胞增殖试验检测免疫后小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖反应,用ELISA方法测定小鼠淋巴细胞γ干扰素的表达水平。试验结果表明,扩增的小鼠cIL-2基因与GenBank的参考序列一致,构建的cIL-2表达载体能够介导重组cIL-2在HEK293T细胞中进行分泌表达。免疫结果显示,利用cIL-2／VP2表达载体共免疫小鼠,免疫后35d血清中VP2的抗体水平达到1：5120,明显高于VP2表达载体单免疫组（P〈0．01）。淋巴细胞增殖试验表明,2组免疫小鼠的淋巴细胞刺激指数均明显高于阴性对照组（P〈0．01）,共免疫组的刺激指数又明显高于单免疫组（P〈0．05）。共免疫小鼠淋巴细胞7干扰素的表达水平明显高于单免疫组和阴性对照组（P〈0．01）。由此可见,cIL-2表达载体可明显提高CPVVP2基因疫苗的免疫应答水平。     

抗酵母表达犬细小病毒蛋白VP2的单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

以纯化的酵母重组表达的犬细小病毒VP2单位免疫BALB／C小鼠,采用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,通过ELISA方法筛选,获得4株能稳定分泌抗犬细小病毒CPV结构蛋白VP2的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。4株单克隆抗体中,2株属于IgG2b亚类,2株属于IgG1亚类,其腹水效价可达到1：51200和1：204800,细胞培养上清液效价可达1：256、1：512。ELISA分析表明,这些单抗仅与CPV及其VP2发生特异性反应,而与CDV和CAV-1及CAV-2没有交叉反应;荧光免疫染色病毒检测进一步表明单克隆抗体的特异性效果好。这些特异性单抗的制备为建立有效的检测犬细小病毒感染奠定了基础。     

小鼠抗鹅细小病毒VP3蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

采用杂交瘤技术,用纯化的鹅细小病毒(Goose parvovirus,GPV) VP3蛋白免疫Balb/c小鼠制备单克隆抗体(mAb),经间接ELISA方法筛选和有限稀释法进行3次亚克隆后获得一株抗鹅细小病毒VP3蛋白杂交瘤细胞株(4E5).经鉴定,该mAb为IgGl亚型,轻链为κ链.Western blot试验结果表...     

白细胞介素-12对犬细小病毒VP2 DNA疫苗的免疫增强作用

犬细小病毒编码的VP2蛋白是该病毒重要的结构蛋白和抗原蛋白。利用VP2基因制备的DNA疫苗能够刺激机体产生免疫应答反应。为进一步提高VP2DNA疫苗的免疫应答水平,本研究在小鼠体内尝试了利用白细胞介素12（IL-12）基因表达载体提高VP2DNA疫苗的免疫应答水平。首先采用RT-PCR方法从小鼠脾淋巴细胞中分别扩增IL-12大亚基（P40）和小亚基（P35）cDNA基因;然后在真核表达载体pcDNA3.1A上通过引入内部核糖体进入位点（IRES）序列,分别将P40基因和P35基因插入到IRES序列的上下游,构建成IL-12（P40和P35双亚基）基因表达载体,pcDNA-P40-IRES-P35。将上述表达载体与本室构建的VP2表达载体通过磷酸钙方法转染HEK 293T细胞进行瞬时表达,以确定构建的表达载体能否介导相应基因在真核细胞中进行分泌表达。然后用VP2载体单免疫和VP2载体和IL-12载体共免疫方法对小鼠进行免疫（用pcDNA3.1A作为对照）。免疫后在特定时间通过ELISA方法检测小鼠血清抗VP2蛋白的抗体水平,并通过淋巴细胞增殖实验检测免疫后35d小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果表明,扩增的小鼠IL-12P40和P35亚基基因与GenBank的参考序列基本一致。Western-blot检测结果表明,重组IL-12和VP2均能够在HEK293T细胞中进行分泌性表达。ELISA检测结果表明利用IL-2载体与VP2载体共免疫小鼠,其血清中抗VP2的抗体水平明显高于VP2载体单免疫组（P〈0.01）,抗体水平在第35天高达1：5120。淋巴细胞增殖试验结果表明,免疫小鼠的淋巴细胞刺激指数均明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,VP2载体与IL2载体共免疫组的刺激指数明显高于VP2载体单免疫组（P〈0.05）。由此可见,在小鼠体内,IL-12基因表达载体可明显提高CPV VP2基因疫苗的免疫应答水平。     

鹅细小病毒VP2和VP3蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵载体的构建及验证

为筛选与鹅细小病毒VP2和VP3蛋白相互作用的鹅胚成纤维细胞蛋白,构建VP2和VP3蛋白的诱饵载体pGBKT7-VP2和pGBKT7-VP3。从pGEX-4T-VP1质粒中PCR扩增VP2和VP3基因,克隆至pMD-18T载体中,经测序验证鉴定后定向克隆到酵母双杂交载体pGBKT7中。将2个重组诱饵载体经PCR、酶切和测序验证后分别转化酵母菌H2YGold中,检测其在酵母细胞中有无自激活和毒性作用。结果表明:成功构建了pGBKT7-VP2和pGBKT7-VP3诱饵载体,且其对报告基因无自激活作用,对酵母细胞无毒性。由此说明,诱饵载体pGBKT7-VP2和pGBKT7-VP3可用于酵母双杂交系统筛选与VP2和VP3蛋白相互作用的细胞结合蛋白。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2与白喉毒素截短体DT390融合蛋白的真核表达及免疫原性检测

为探究白喉毒素截短体DT390是否对鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)VP2蛋白具有免疫增强作用,本研究利用有白喉毒素抗性的毕赤酵母表达系统对DT390和VP2进行融合表达,用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting方法对表达的融合蛋白DT390-VP2进行了鉴定。将24只21日龄SPF雏鸡随机均分为4组:VP2组、DT390-VP2组、PBS(对照组)和B87组(阳性对照组),在第0和14天,分别对各组雏鸡进行免疫,在首免后第28天,每只雏鸡接种100 BID₅₀的IBDV BC6/85毒株,采用ELISA法检测免疫前后不同时间各组雏鸡血清的VP2特异性抗体水平,采用法氏囊组织切片HE染色及病理损伤评分来评价法氏囊的损伤程度,评价融合蛋白DT390-VP2在雏鸡体内的免疫原性和保护功能。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析结果显示,表达和提纯后的目的蛋白确为糖基化的融合蛋白DT390-VP2(91.26 ku)。体内试验结果显示,首次免疫21 d后,DT390-VP2组的VP2特异性抗体滴度分别显著和极显著高于B87组(P<0.05)和VP2组(P<0.01);首次免疫28 d后,DT390-VP2组的VP2特异性抗体滴度极显著高于VP2组(P<0.01);与VP2蛋白相比,融合蛋白DT390-VP2减轻了雏鸡法氏囊淋巴滤泡的萎缩程度。综上所述,白喉毒素截短体DT390以融合表达的方式增强了VP2的体液免疫原性,融合蛋白DT390-VP2在一定程度上减轻了IBDV BC6/85毒株造成的组织损伤。     

鹅细小病毒VP3基因真核表达载体的构建及其在Vero细胞中表达

根据已发表的鹅细小病毒(GPV)B株核苷酸序列,设计并合成了1对引物,PCR扩增GPV吉林分离株主要结构蛋白VP3基因,获得大小为1605bp的核苷酸片段。将该片段纯化后克隆入pMD18-T载体,转化感受态大肠杆菌JM109,双酶切鉴定,筛选阳性重组质粒并测序。经过酶切和连接反应,将VP3基因克隆入真核表达载体pVAX1,转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α,筛选阳性克隆,提取质粒,进行了PCR和酶切鉴定。通过脂质体法将pVAX1-VP3转染Vero细胞,RT-PCR和间接免疫荧光法检测。结果显示,VP3基因克隆成功,与GPVB株核苷酸序列同源性为96.2%;PCR和酶切鉴定结果证实,成功构建了含VP3基因的GPV真核表达载体pVAX1-VP3。提取转染该质粒的Vero细胞RNA,RT-PCR扩增,在1000～2000bp可见一明显DNA条带;间接荧光抗体染色转染细胞,在细胞表面可见特异荧光。     

Efficacy of VP2 protein expressed in E. coli for protection against highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus

The ability of a heat-inactivated whole virus from a highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus (hvIBDV) and VP2 protein from hvIBDV expressed in E. coli provided protection against a hvIBDV challenge in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Six out of seven chickens that were injected three times with crude VP2 protein developed significant antibody titer against IBDV. However, only four out of the seven chickens survived the hvIBDV challenge. Despite showing low antibody titer profiles, all chickens immunized with the heat-inactivated whole virus also survived the challenged with hvIBDV. However, all of these chickens had bursal atrophy and mild to moderate depletion of lymphocytes. Thus, antibodies raised against IBDV VP2 protein expressed in E. coli and denatured IBDV proteins induced some degree of protection against mortality but not against bursal damage following challenge with hvIBDV.     

犬细小病毒南京株VP2蛋白免疫原性片段的克隆表达

以Protean软件对犬细小病毒南京株(CPV-GN)VP2蛋白的分子结构进行分析,从中筛选出具有良好免疫原性潜能的部分片段(VP2′片段),利用PrimerPremier5.0软件设计一对引物,用以该片段的扩增。将PCR扩增产物克隆入pMD18-T载体,构建了pMD-VP2′重组质粒。双酶切回收目的条带,将之亚克隆入表达载体pET32a(+),构建了重组表达质粒pET32-VP2′。转化宿主菌BL21,经IPTG诱导后成功表达了分子量约为34ku的融合蛋白。免疫转印显示,目的蛋白可被CPV-2b抗血清所识别,证明其具有与特异性抗体结合的抗原性,为CPV亚单位疫苗和免疫学诊断方法的研究打下基础。     

Construction and Identification of Yeast Two-hybrid Bait Plasmids of Capsid Proteins VP2, VP5 and VP7 of Bluetongue Virus

The structure of bluetongue virus(BTV) was consisted of three layers of capsid proteins, VP2 and VP5 proteins consisted the outer capsid of BTV, VP7 protein consisted the middle capsid of BTV, VP3 consisted the inner capsid of BTV.When BTV infected host cells, VP2, VP5 and VP7 proteins of BTV played important roles in the process of infecting host cells.In order to study the molecular mechanism of interaction between BTV and host cells, we cloned VP 2, VP 5 and VP 7 genes into pGBKT7 vector, three recombinant bait plasmids pGBKT7-VP2, pGBKT7-VP5 and pGBKT7-VP7 were successfully constructed, and then the self-activation and toxicity of the bait plasmids were tested.The results showed that three bait plasmids all had no self-activation and toxicity to yeast cells.This research made a steppingstone for the screening of host-cell protein interacting with VP2, VP5 and VP7 proteins using yeast two-hybrid system, and laid a foundation for investigating the interaction between BTV and its host cells.     

Protectivity conferred by immunization with intranasal recombinant outer membrane protein H from Pasteurella multocida serovar A:1 in chickens

Recombinant outer membrane protein H (rOmpH) is a potential fowl cholera vaccine candidate. The present study was aimed at developing rOmpH formulations for intranasal administration. The rOmpH was purified and formulated with either Escherichia coli enterotoxin B (LTB) or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) as an adjuvant. Antibody responses in chickens intranasally immunized with rOmpH in combination with 2 different adjuvants were significantly increased (P<0.05) post immunization. Chicken survival rates showed that rOmpH formulated with ODN and LTB elicited 90% and 70% protection, respectively. Our findings indicated that rOmpH formulated with ODN elicited protection better than that formulated with LTB. Therefore, the vaccines formulations in the present study can be considered new intranasal vaccine formulations for fowl cholera in chickens.     

Passive protection of mice pups through oral or intranasal immunization of dams with recombinant Lactobacillus casei vaccine against ETEC F41

Mucosal immunization is advantageous over other routes of antigen delivery because it can induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses. In this study, we have developed fimbriae protein of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F41 was stably expressed on the surface Lactobacillus casei 525. The method of expressing vaccine antigens in L. casei induces both systemic and mucosal immunity after oral or intranasal administration. We demonstrate that an oral or intranasal vaccine based on live recombinant L. casei 525 protects infant mice from ETEC F41 infection. This platform technology can be applied to design oral or intranasal vaccine delivery vehicles against several microbial pathogens.     

猪细小病毒VP2的原核表达与多克隆抗体制备

克隆猪细小病毒(PPV)VP2基因全长1 740bp,构建其原核表达载体后进行蛋白的表达与纯化,接种家兔制备多克隆抗体。用PCR方法扩增PPV VP2全长基因,扩增产物克隆至表达载体pET-32a并转化至E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态中。分别用不同诱导时间、IPTG浓度、温度诱导表达VP2重组蛋白,经SDS-PAGE电泳切胶回收纯化目的蛋白。对家兔进行3次免疫后,采集血清制备抗体。PCR扩增得到1 740bp的VP2基因片段;构建原核表达载体pET-32a-VP2,经37℃,IPTG浓度1.0mmol/L诱导表达4h可得分子质量大小约为82ku目的蛋白;间接ELISA检测抗体效价可达1∶12 800;Western blot证明所制备的抗体能够有效的应用于PPV VP2抗原的检测。本研究成功构建了表达PPV VP2基因的原核载体,获得了VP2蛋白,制备了兔抗多克隆抗体,为建立检测PPV VP2蛋白ELISA方法奠定了基础。     

鹅细小病毒VP1-VP3非重叠区基因的克隆与序列分析

通过克隆鹅细小病毒(Goose parvovirus,GPV)分离株VP1-V3非重叠区基因,并对其进行序列分析,为鹅细小病毒感染与疫苗免疫的鉴别诊断奠定理论基础.进行鹅胚病毒增殖,收集尿囊液,提取基因组,参考发表的B株序列,设计合成一对引物,经PCR扩增,克隆VP1-VP3基因,筛选阳性克隆,对其进行序列测定及同源性分析.结果表明,克隆的基因片段为901 bp,VP1-VP3基因共594 bp,编码198个氨基酸;弱毒株之间亲缘关系很近,核苷酸同源性99.5％～100％,氨基酸同源性98.5％～100％;强毒株与B株亲缘关系较近,核苷酸同源性96.6％,氨基酸同源性97.5％;弱毒株与强毒株亲缘关系较远,核苷酸同源性92％～93％,氨基酸同源性96％～97.5％;弱毒株与B株亲缘关系最远,核苷酸同源性92.5％～93％,氨基酸同源性93.9％～95.5％.说明强毒株与弱毒株之间核苷酸序列存在差异.