Detection of γ-H2AX,a Biomarker for DNA Double-strand Breaks,in Urinary Bladders of N -Butyl- N -(4-Hydroxybutyl)-Nitrosamine-Treated Rats

To evaluate the potential role of DNA repair in bladder carcinogenesis, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of expression of various DNA repair enzymes and γ-H2AX, a high-sensitivity marker of DNA double-strand breaks, in the urothelium of male F344 rats treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN), a bladder-specific carcinogen. Our results clearly demonstrated that γ-H2AX aggregation was specifically generated in nuclei of bladder epithelial cells of BBN-treated rats, which was not found in untreated controls or mesenchymal cells. γ-H2AX-positive cells were detected not only in hyperplastic and neoplastic areas but also in the normal-like urothelium after BBN treatment. These data indicate that γ-H2AX has potential as a useful biomarker for early detection of genotoxicity in the rat urinary bladder. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating expression of γ-H2AX during bladder carcinogenesis.     

驭蜂少年(10)

<正>3冬天里,只要天气晴朗,山村的集市反而更加热闹。农人们春天要忙春耕生产,夏季天气炎热,还要忙于田间地头的修锄,秋季更要忙秋收,以及栽种油菜、白菜等菜蔬,只有冬天才是山里人一年中最悠闲的时光,他们或出售农产品,或是由于春节临近,需要陆续置办一些年货等生活用品。有些人甚至把集市当成亲朋好友们短暂欢聚、相互交流的公共场所——没办法,山村人口稀疏,相互之间路途较远,如果没有婚丧嫁娶等重大人情往来,集市就是他们最好的聚会地点。     

桑树栽培与保护讲座(10)

9 桑树有性繁殖 繁殖和培育优良桑苗,是发展蚕业生产的前提,也是桑叶高产优质的基础.桑苗的繁育,分有性繁殖和无性繁殖两大类.用桑籽播种,使其发芽生长培育成苗的方法,叫有性繁殖,所得苗木称实生苗;将桑树营养器官或生殖器官的一部分与母体分离后,通过特殊处理,并放置于适宜的环境条件下,使其形成独立的新个体的方法,叫无性繁殖,如嫁接、扦插等.用种子繁育的实生苗,与无性繁殖的苗木相比,具有适应力较强、可塑性较大、根系发达、耐瘠耐旱、木质坚韧等优点,但存在实生苗个体之间性状不一以及大多数叶形小、叶肉薄、花椹和侧枝较多、单株产叶量低等缺点.     

猪病诊治问答(连载10)

17为什么猪的皮炎治疗效果不佳?近一年时间,时常有养猪业主反映,出现以皮炎为主要症状的传染性疾病,按疥螨、附红细胞体、链球菌、渗出性皮炎等疾病进行治疗,病情出现反复,治愈率不高、治疗效果不佳。笔者多次亲赴广东、河北、山东、河南、山西、江苏、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江等地调查,得到的结论是绝大部分病例为皮炎与肾病综合征与其他病原混合感染所致!17.1病情17.1.1流行特点本病在各阶段猪中均有发生,主要发生在生长猪阶段,以断奶前后仔猪多发,一年四季均有发生,以春末、夏、秋初为主。17.1.2症状初期皮肤发红,食欲未见异常,继而皮肤出现紫…     

冬季养好肉鸭10要点(上)

(一)品种及育雏选择 要选同一时间出壳,眼大有神,体态强壮,行动灵活,羽毛光泽,腹部柔软,卵黄吸收良好,脐部愈合良好,脚蹼肥润,手摸挣扎有力,脚温暖,叫声响亮,泄殖腔收缩有力和湿润干净的雏鸭来养.     

鸡白介素10(chIL-10)单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备鸡白介素10(chIL-10)单克隆抗体,以常规分子生物学技术从禽细胞系MDCC-MSB1克隆chIL-10基因,将去信号肽chIL-10基因亚克隆至原核表达载体p ET-30a,并在大肠杆菌中表达,纯化后作为免疫原免疫BALB/c小鼠。经4次免疫后,取小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合。将原核表达的GST-chIL-10融合蛋白作为包被抗原,利用间接ELISA筛选阳性克隆。阳性细胞株经3次亚克隆后,获得3株稳定分泌chIL-10抗体的杂交瘤细胞克隆,分别命名为4B2、4F3以及1E3。经间接ELISA测定,以上3株杂交瘤细胞腹水效价为1∶3.2×10~6,亲和力解离常数(Kd)分别为1.05×10~(-9)、5.01×10~(-10)以及7.59×10~(-10)。抗体重链类型分别为Ig G2a、Ig G2a以及Ig G1。经Western Blot试验证明,3株单抗均能特异地识别原核或真核表达的chIL-10蛋白,4B2、4F3单抗识别的抗原表位区域为chIL-10 N端的1 aa~52 aa,1E3识别的是N端的52 aa~102 aa。这些单抗为鸡IL-10的检测及生物学功能研究奠定了基础。     

冬季养好肉鸭10要点(下)

(上接第21期第26页) (六)加强管理,防止应激 任何时候都要给鸭创造一个平稳过渡的环境条件.晚上给予暗光,能采食又防鼠,最好有人看护.养鸭人员要经常接触鸭群,呼唤鸭群,对鸭群进行调教.     

Pathological findings and probable causes of the death of Stejneger’s beaked whales (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) stranded in Japan from 1999 and 2011

One hundred and twenty stranding events of Stejneger’s beaked whales were reported in Japan between 1999 and 2011. The purpose of this study is to introduce pathological data and to discuss probable causes of death for 44 Stejneger’s beaked whales among them. The significant pathological findings were the pulmonary edema, parasitic granulomatous nephritis, emaciation, amyloidosis, suppurative bronchopneumonia and so on. The probable causes of death were categorized as noninfectious in 43 of the cases, which included drowning, starvation and secondary amyloidosis. One individual was diagnosed with septicemia, which was the only example of an infectious disease. Because we could not always perform advanced analyses, such as microbiology tests, biotoxin examinations or contaminant analyses, the finality of our findings may be impaired. However, the present study has broad implications on the causes of death of Stejneger’s beaked whales of the seas around Japan, which are valuable for the future studies and for the detection of emerging diseases.     

辅酶Q_(10)抗氧化作用的研究进展

辅酶Q_(10),是生物体内广泛存在的脂溶性醌类化合物,参与生物氧化呼吸链中的电子传递,促进产生ATP,维持机体代谢与能量供应。同时,它也是重要的抗氧化剂和非特异性免疫增强剂。本文主要从自由基、动脉粥样硬化、协同物质三方面探讨辅酶Q_(10)的抗氧化作用及其抗氧化机理,为辅酶Q_(10)在畜禽生产中的应用提供一定参考。     

Effect of Conceptus on Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) β1 mRNA Expression and Protein Concentration in the Porcine Endometrium—In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

Transforming growth factor (TGF) β and its receptors are expressed at the conceptus-maternal interface during early pregnancy in the pig. The present studies were conducted to examine: (1) the effect of conceptus products on TGFβ1 mRNA expression and protein concentration in the porcine endometrium using in vivo and in vitro models, and (2) the effect of TGFβ1 on proliferation of porcine trophoblast cells in vitro. During in vivo experiments, gilts with one surgically detached uterine horn were slaughtered on days 11 or 14 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. For in vitro studies, endometrial explants and luminal epithelial (LE) cells co-cultured with stromal (ST) cells were treated with conceptus-exposed medium (CEM). Moreover, porcine trophoblast cells were treated with TGFβ1, and the number of viable cells was measured. On day 11, the presence of conceptuses had no effect on TGFβ1 mRNA expression, but decreased the TGFβ1 protein concentration in the connected uterine horn compared with the detached uterine horn. In contrast to day 11, on day 14 after estrus, TGFβ1 mRNA expression and protein content in the endometrium collected from the gravid uterine horn were greater when compared with the contralateral uterine horn. The treatment of endometrial slices with CEM resulted in greater TGFβ1 mRNA expression and protein secretion. LE cells responded to CEM with an increased TGFβ1 mRNA level. Moreover, TGFβ1 stimulated the proliferation of day 14 trophoblast cells. In summary, porcine conceptuses may regulate TGFβ1 synthesis in the endometrium at the time of implantation. TGFβ1, in turn, may promote conceptus development by increasing the proliferation of trophoblast cells.     

猪链球菌G_(10)-S_(115)弱毒菌苗口服免疫效果观察

<正> 近年来,我省先后爆发猪病,经临床观察病群和实验室细菌检查后,确诊是由兽疫链球菌引起的急性传染病,使养猪业受到严重的损失和威协。 为控制本病,1982年从广西和成都购进猪链球菌弱毒冻干苗与甲醛灭活苗各一批,先分别用弱毒苗口服免疫猪45头,甲醛灭活苗注射免疫猪20头,均无不