貉犬瘟热病诊断与防治

<正> 我县某养貉场在向外出售大批没有注射犬瘟热疫苗的种貉时,暴发了貉犬瘟热病。现将情况报告如下。     

狐、貉犬瘟热的诊断与防治

狐、貉犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的急性、热性、高度接触性传染病，其示病症状为双相热，眼、鼻、消化道等粘膜炎症，以及卡他性肺炎、皮肤湿疹和神经症状为特征的烈性传染病，是危害狐貉最严重的传染病之一，素有毁灭性传染病之称。近几年来，虽然对犬瘟热病防制方面开展了大量的研究工作，在病原学、分子流行病学、免疫及疫苗、诊断等方面取得了一批可喜的成果，对控制该病起到了积极作用，但由于注射疫苗免疫不确切使发病症状不象以往那样典型，因此血清学诊断已无法正确诊断狐貉的犬瘟热病。而综合诊断狐貉犬瘟热病，能快速、简便、准确诊断出犬瘟热病，及早采取防制措施，尽量减少犬瘟热病造成的经济损失。     

貉犬瘟热的诊治

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种高度接触性传染病,可感染多种食肉动物和观赏动物。犬瘟热的疫源主要是犬,主要通过消化道、呼吸道和眼结膜感染,传播迅速。笔者曾在兽医门诊遇到一例貉犬瘟热病例,现将诊治情况报道如下。1发病情况银山乡某养殖户养貉46只,主诉:有7只貉发病,病貉     

一起貉犬瘟热的诊断与控制

犬瘟热俗称犬瘟，可引起犬科、釉科和浣熊科的大部分动物发病死亡。是毛皮动物养殖的最重要疫病，常引起犬、狐、貉、貂大批死亡，给养殖户造成严重的经济损失，甚至倒闭。现将接诊的1例貉犬瘟热的诊断和控制情况介绍如下。     

一起由狼引起的护羊犬瘟热的诊治

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的高度传染性、接触性传染病。严重危害犬、水貂等犬科动物及其它肉食性毛皮动物,对目前正在蓬勃发展的犬、狐、貂、貉等毛皮动物养殖业构成严重危协。一般情况下,犬瘟热是在犬及所饲养的毛皮动物之间相互传染的。而本人最近诊治了一起由狼传染给犬的犬瘟热病例,具有一定的特殊意义,现报告如下: 我市畜牧局羊场,位于呼伦贝尔草原的额尔古纳河畔,远离村屯。为防止以往每年都有羊被狼咬伤     

额尔古纳市狐貉发生犬瘟热的诊治

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的高度接触性传染病,具有传播快、发病急、病死率高等特点,是危害犬、貉、狐等犬科动物及其它肉食性毛皮动物的主要传染病之一,对我国目前正在蓬勃发展的养犬业和毛皮动物的饲养业构成了严重的威胁。近两年来,爆发流行的犬瘟热病,给额尔古纳市的毛皮动物饲养     

狐貉犬瘟热的防治

<正>犬瘟热是由病毒引起的一种高度接触性传染病,在狐貉养殖场中,除接触感染外还可以自然感染,一旦感染此病死亡率极高。犬瘟热病毒以发病时间长,传播途径广,传播速度快为特征。1流行特征犬瘟热病多发生在10月至来年4月,应特别注意的是3月龄至1岁的幼狐貉最易感染。发生犬瘟     

1例貉犬瘟热的诊治及体会

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的犬类急性、热性、高度接触性传染病，病兽以呈双相型发热、鼻炎、严重的消化道障碍、呼吸道炎症等为主要特征。主要通过接触传染，也可通过污染的空气或食物而经呼吸道或消化道感染。幼兽尤其易感，具有较高的发病率和死亡率。我县为貉、狐、貂养殖大县，年存栏近500万只，犬瘟热病时有发生，现将1例貉犬瘟热的诊疗及体会介绍如下。     

1例京巴犬犬瘟热的诊治

<正>犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起犬、狼、貉、狐等动物的一种高度接触性、致死性传染病,临床上以双相热、急性鼻卡他和支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎以及神经症状为特征。常引起犬大批发病,发病率可达100%,病死率在30%～80%,是当前对养犬     

小熊猫等四种动物犬瘟热病毒的分离与鉴定

对犬,貂,貉,狐,熊,小熊猫,大熊猫,狼,狮,虎,金猫和猞狮共６５只动物的病料进行了犬瘟热病毒分离,结果从小熊猫,犬膜梭菌抗毒素对小熊猫,犬,貉和狐四种动物的病料中分离出９株ＣＤＶ,其中小熊猫ＣＤＶ具有较强诱导产生中和抗体的能力。该毒株有可能成为疫苗后备株。     

免疫组化法检测犬瘟热病毒在貉组织内的分布

对79只确诊为犬瘟热的病貉进行CDV在组织内的定位。采用HE染色检测到包涵体出现在肺(57只貉)、脑(19只貉)、肾(58只貉)、胃(63只貉)、脾(61只貉)、淋巴结(63只貉)、扁桃体(79只貉)。采用免疫组化方法检测出上述器官之外在足垫上皮细胞(70只貉)、鼻黏膜(69只貉)、支气管(71只貉)也有强阳性表达。结果表明,采用免疫组化方法能更加准确的对CDV在犬瘟热病貉组织内分布的定位,CDV分布最广泛的器官是扁桃体。     

Epidemiology of canine distemper virus in wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) from South Korea

Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) are widespread and common in South Korea. In 2011, we obtained serum samples from 102 wild raccoon dogs to survey their exposure to canine distemper virus (CDV). Forty-five of the 102 animals (44.1%) were seropositive. Field cases of canine distemper in wild raccoon dogs from 2010 to 2011 were investigated. Fourteen cases of CDV infection were identified by a commercially available CDV antigen detection kit. These cases were used for virus isolation and molecular analysis. Sequence analysis of hemagglutinin genes indicated that all viruses isolated belonged to the Asia-2 genotype. H protein residues which are related to the receptor and host specificity (residues 530 and 549) were analyzed. A glutamic acid (E) residue is present at 530 in all isolates. At 549, a histidine (H) residue was found in five isolates and tyrosine (Y) residue was found in 6 isolates. Our study demonstrated that CDV infection was widespread in wild raccoon dogs in South Korea.     

Distemper vaccination of farmed fur animals in Finland

The most important farmed fur animal species in Finland are the American mink (Mustela vison), blue fox (Alopex lagopus), silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides); all are susceptible to canine distemper. The only distemper vaccines currently available are for mink, although they also have been used for fox and raccoon dogs in emergency situations. The efficacy in eliciting neutralizing antibodies and the safety of three mink-distemper vaccines were studied under field conditions with mink and silver fox. Two of the vaccines were also studied with raccoon dogs and blue fox. All three vaccines elicited a satisfactory antibody response in mink, whereas the response varied in the other species. No side effects were observed in any species tested. One of the vaccines was safe and immunogenic in all four species.     

Absence of rabies encephalitis in a raccoon with concurrent rabies and canine distemper infections

Concurrent infection of a raccoon by rabies and canine distemper viruses is described. Fluorescent antibody (FA) test demonstrated rabies antigen in the brain of this animal, however, histologically only lesions characteristic of canine distemper infection were seen. We recommend testing tissues for rabies of animals that histologically are positive for canine distemper.     

犬瘟热的诊治

犬瘟热是一种由犬瘟热病毒引起的犬科动物急性传染病,病犬以双相热、鼻炎、严重的消化障碍和呼吸道炎症为特征。主要对该病的病原、流行病学、临床症状及病理变化等作一阐述,并以一例犬瘟热典型病例的诊治为例,介绍了治疗该病的有效措施,以期为有效防治犬瘟热提供参考。     

Cell-mediated immunity and age at vaccination associated with measles inoculation and protection of dogs against canine distemper.

The antibody-mediated immune response (AMIR) of dogs to measles and canine distemper viruses has been described. However, there is little information on the cell-mediated immune response (CMIR). The AMIR and the CMIR of dogs to canine distemper and to measles were examined. The CMIR was determined for 6 weeks by measuring the 3H-thymidine uptake by immune lymphocytes in the lymphocyte transformation test. Concurrently, canine distemper and measles virus serum-neutralization antibodies were measured by a microtitration serum-neutralization test. Dogs vaccinated with canine distemper virus had a CMIR and an AMIR to canine distemper. However, measles virus-vaccinated dogs had only a CMIR to canine distemper. A CMIR in the absence of an AMIR indicates that cell-mediated immunity is the most important immune mechanism in protecting measles virus-vaccinated dogs against canine distemper. Development of CMIR and AMIR to canine distemper and measles antigens depended on the age of the dog at the time of vaccination. Adult and juvenile dogs had immune responses to both canine distemper and measles. Neither virus, however, elicited an immune response in neonates.     

RT-PCR检测宠物犬的犬瘟热病毒

为了寻找一种在早期快速准确检测宠物犬犬瘟热病毒(CDV)的方法,从临床上疑似CDV感染犬抗凝血中分离出血淋巴细胞,从中提取总RNA,引用曾在警犬上成功检测到CDV的引物序列,反复摸索RT-PCR反应条件,经凝胶电泳观察到在理论设计处(287 bp)出现了光亮条带,说明已成功地从宠物犬中检测出CDV。表明该引物序列和改良的RT-PCR反应条件适合于检测宠物犬CDV感染。     

自制貉源抗血清治疗犬瘟热病的研究

应用含有104.5TCID50/0.1 mL犬瘟热弱毒培养物4 mL免疫特种经济动物乌苏里貉,10 d后采集血液分离血清,病毒用200TCID50与等量连续倍比稀释的血清和经饱和硫酸铵粗提的免疫球蛋白做中和试验鉴定抗体的效价,并对上述2种抗体效价进行比较。结果表明,2917倍稀释全血清、2344倍稀释饱和硫酸铵粗提的免疫球蛋白能保护50%Vero细胞不出现CPE。临床应用全血清治疗24只患犬瘟热病的白貉,22只成活。由此说明可以应用狐貉等特种动物制备的抗血清治疗犬瘟热病。     

一株貉源犬瘟热病毒的分离与鉴定

从临床疑似犬瘟热的病貉组织中分离到1株病毒,经形态特征、血凝试验、中和试验、间接免疫荧光试验和分子生物学鉴定,该分离病毒为犬瘟热病毒。本研究为研究犬瘟热病毒貉株分子生物学特性、致病机理及构建基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。