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外源水杨酸在园艺植物上的应用及生理效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了外源水杨酸(SA)在园艺植物上的应用及生理效应,得出了SA可增强植物抗冷性、抗热性、抗病性、抗盐性、抗旱性、促进根系的生长、诱导开花、延长花期及诱导球根膨大等。 相似文献
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在果实发育早期,ZT(玉米素)和IAA(生长素)两种生长促进激素都处在较高的水平,以后随果实发育都呈逐渐下降之势。在果实发育后期,果皮中ZT和IAA又逐渐上升,出现第二次峰值,与果实的第二次生长高峰有密切关系。ABA(脱落酸)在幼果发育早期含量也处于较高水平,以后果皮中ABA含量逐渐下降,直到果实成熟未见回升;而种子内ABA在果实发育后期又连续升高,并在成熟前出现第二次峰值,对后期种子和果实的成熟有重要作用。设施栽培对果实内源激素的变化规律有重要影响,并且发现受影响较大的是那些在果实发育某一时期含量变化幅度较大或有重要生理作用的内源激素。果实内源激素变化对设施栽培的反应与生长发育对设施栽培的反应表现出高度吻合。 相似文献
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园艺植物在长期营养繁殖过程中易感染各种病毒病害,严重威胁了园艺植物的生长发育,降低经济价值,目前世界各国对病毒病害的研究和防治都极为重视。通过全面总结园艺植物病毒脱毒原理及常见方法,为提高园艺植物的品质与产量提供参考。 相似文献
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油菜素内酯的生理效应及发展前景 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
油菜素内酯是一种新型的、生理活性强的植物激素,对植物生长发育有着多方面的重要影响,其主要的生理效应是促进细胞伸长和分裂、促进植物光合作用、提高植物的抗逆性,同时可促进农药在植物体内的降解和代谢,为消除农产品中农药残留的问题提出了新思路.现对油菜素内酯的发展、生理效应以及国内外此方面的研究进行综述及简要的分析总结;同时对油菜素内酯未来的发展前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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甜樱桃红灯果实发育过程中果肉及种子内源激素含量变化动态 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以9a生红灯甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)为试材,对其果实不同发育时期果肉及种子中内源激素含量的变化动态进行了测定分析,结果表明,甜樱桃果肉及种子中内源激素含量与其果实的生长发育有密切关系。果实发育第Ⅰ速长期(盛花后5~15d),果肉中生长促进型激素(ZRS、IAA和GAS)含量均较高,进入硬核期(盛花后15~25d)均呈下降趋势,其中IAA和GAS均降到最低值,随果实的第Ⅱ次速长果肉中ZRS、IAA和GAS含量均迅速增加且分别出现最大值;与之相反,种子中ZRS、IAA和GAS含量在第Ⅰ、Ⅱ速长期较低,在硬核期含量最高,这与甜樱桃果实及种子的生长规律相吻合。果肉中ABA含量分别在盛花后5、15和35d出现高峰,与甜樱桃的落果(花)时期基本一致。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The plant hormone auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), plays important roles in plant growth and development. The signaling response to IAA is largely dependent on the local concentration of IAA, and this concentration is regulated by multiple mechanisms in plants. Therefore, the precise quantification of local IAA concentration provides insights into the regulation of IAA and its biological roles. Meanwhile, pathways and genes involved in IAA biosynthesis are not fully understood, so it is necessary to analyze the production of IAA at the metabolite level for unbiased studies of IAA biosynthesis. RESULTS: We have developed high-throughput methods to quantify plant endogenous IAA and its biosynthetic precursors including indole, tryptophan, indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The protocol starts with homogenizing plant tissues with stable-labeled internal standards added, followed by analyte purification using solid phase extraction (SPE) tips and analyte derivatization. The derivatized analytes are finally analyzed by selected reaction monitoring on a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS) to determine the precise abundance of analytes. The amount of plant tissue required for the assay is small (typically 2--10 mg fresh weight), and the use of SPE tips is simple and convenient, which allows preparation of large sets of samples within reasonable time periods. CONCLUSIONS: The SPE tips and GC-MS/MS based method enables high-throughput and accurate quantification of IAA and its biosynthetic precursors from minute plant tissue samples. The protocol can be used for measurement of these endogenous compounds using isotope dilution, and it can also be applied to analyze IAA biosynthesis and biosynthetic pathways using stable isotope labeling. The method will potentially advance knowledge of the role and regulation of IAA. 相似文献
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榨菜胞质雄性不育及其农艺性状的研究 总被引:43,自引:5,他引:38
榨菜(BrassicajunceaCoss.tumidaTsenetLee)胞质雄性不育系的雄蕊形态有两种类型:1)雄蕊无花药结构;2)雄蕊花药瘦小而干瘪。不育系雄性器官败育时期有两种类型:1)孢子体败育型;2)配子体败育型,属小孢子发育受阻。不育系雄蕊内源激素IAA和ZT含量随花器发育而极缓慢地增长,在花盛开时,每枚雄蕊分别为8.0ng和22.4ng,近保持系的1/4和1/6,出现明显的IAA和ZT含量亏损现象。雄性不育率和不育度均为100%,不育性世代稳定。不育系90%的植株雌蕊育性正常,人工授粉后平均单果结籽14.6粒,比保持系多1.2粒。其余10%的植株其雌蕊部分不育。在保持系为父本进行自然授粉条件下,不育系单株种子产量7.2g,较正常株高16.6%。不育系经济性状优良,基本达到保持系和栽培品种水平。 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,106(1):38-52
The effect of IAA and two IAA precursors, l-tryptophan (Trp) and indole (Ind), on the growth, mineral nutrition and potential development under stress conditions of intact pepper plants cultivated in hydroponic conditions, has been studied.To this end, the growth of both shoots and roots, the plant content of both IAA and free polyamines and the content in leaves and roots of macronutrients and micronutrients have been evaluated.Both Trp and Ind presented a similar pattern of action to that of IAA regarding both plant development and mineral uptake. The application of Ind and Trp at the highest dose (10−3 M) was associated with significant increases of IAA content in roots. The application of IAA and IAA precursors was associated with an increase in Spermine and a decrease in Putrescine in leaves, thus suggesting the conversion of Putrescine into Spermidine and Spermine, which in turn could be associated with better plant development under stress.Both Trp and Ind showed auxin-like effects likely due to their conversion into IAA within the plant. However, further studies carried out under axenic conditions are needed in order to clarify this question. 相似文献