怎样保持郁金香盆栽直立不倒伏

正早春三月,很多植物才刚刚萌芽,而郁金香却能在此时开放,它姿态婀娜、色彩绚丽,是早春时节一道靓丽的风景。现在通过各种渠道购买郁金香种球都很容易,所以近几年来郁金香是很多花友喜爱的园艺品种。在种植郁金香的过程中,很多花友反映郁金香开花后容易弯曲倒伏,东倒西歪的样子很难看。有些花友认为是品种原因,如果种植低矮的品种就不会发生倒伏的情况,比如近几年深受花友喜欢的郁金香品种"特特",由于株型低矮就不会发生倒伏。但仅仅因为害怕郁金香花后倒伏而只选择种植低矮的品种,就失去了种植其他品种的乐趣,亭亭玉立的郁金香才更有观赏性。郁金香     

郁金香在佳木斯

郁金香是世界名花,荷兰每年向世界各国出售鲜花与种球收入1800亿美元,占世界花卉出口量的60％。我国近几年引入,在各地试栽。郁金香是属于秋植球根类花卉,栽后种球在土壤中度过寒冷的冬季,第二年早春开花。花朵十分     

球根花卉 扮靓早春庭院

家庭园艺爱好者常常会苦恼于早春的庭院万芳凋零，满目萧条，了无生趣。而球根花卉如郁金香、风信子、洋子仙等却能在早春竞相绽放，风姿绰约，色彩绚烂，将庭院装扮得异常美丽动人。     

郁金香的家庭种植

郁金香以其独特的姿态和艳丽的色彩赢得了各国人民的喜爱,被誉为“花中皇后”,成为胜利、凯旋的象征。郁金香是早春花卉中的佼佼者,花色品种繁多,在圣诞节、春节、情人节等节日里,送上一盆生机勃勃、春意盎然的郁金吞,将会给节日增添无限情意。     

花中皇后——郁金香

每年早春,很多城市的公园里都会举办郁金香花展,那鲜艳的金黄、大红、粉红、蔚蓝、纯白、深紫色的郁金香花朵在大地上镶嵌出耀眼的图画,色彩之丰富、图案之整齐、规模之宏大,无不让人叹为观止。走近细瞧,每一株花朵均大小相同、高     

郁金香品种是如何分类的

每年春天,郁金香总是霸占着视野,许多植物园等不及室外郁金香生长,在早春就在温室布置各种郁金香展。郁金香主要为春季开花的鳞茎类植物,观花,花亮丽,朝上开放。叶线形至披针形,绿色至灰绿色。花具6枚尖锐的花瓣(植物学上称之为花被片)。雄蕊6,多数为单瓣。植株展幅达20厘米。大多数种类均耐寒,需光照环境及排水良好的土壤,喜夏季干热。在凉爽、潮湿地区,种球需在叶片枯萎以后挖出,在干燥的地方贮藏,以便秋季重新种植。秋季分株繁殖,原种春季或秋季播种繁殖。     

郁金香的日常养护与管理中常见的问题

郁金香属于百合科、郁金香属多年生草本，鳞茎扁圆锥形，是秋天种植、春天开花的球根花卉。在自然条件下，秋季地下15厘米处大约10℃种植最为适宜，因为这一温度适宜根系的生长。寒冬到来前，良好的根系发育对第二年春天的良好生长极为重要。冬天，种植的种球在低温下进一步发育，通过漫长的冬季低温，打破休眠，于早春发芽，随着气温的回升而展叶开花。郁金香的种球和盆花在全围很多花市都能购买到，很受消费者的喜欢。     

郁金香栽培管理要点

郁金香象征神圣、幸福与胜利红色郁金香：表示我爱你紫色郁金香：表示忠贞的爱黄色郁金香：表示没有希望的爱、无望的恋情白色郁金香：表示失恋、失去的爱黑色郁金香：     

中国郁金香科研现状与存在的问题及发展策略

近10年来,我国郁金香产业迅猛发展,郁金香科研广泛开展。目前,在郁金香属种质资源、引种与栽培技术、扩繁与种球复壮、育种等方面都开展了研究。但是,也存在着科研起步晚,层次低、科研落后于产业、研究单位较少和各科研单位之间协调性不高等问题。现根据郁金香科研的发展现状和存在的具体问题,提出了高度重视郁金香育种、科研要紧密与产业结合、总体协调和联合攻关的发展策略,以期从根本上解决郁金香品种缺乏问题,为我国郁金香产业可持续发展提供支撑。     

桂林地区郁金香品种的选择与园林应用

本文以2016和2017年对桂林地区郁金香的调研结果为依据,结合桂林地区的气候特点和郁金香的生态习性,就郁金香花展的品种选择与品种表现作出分析,同时研究了郁金香栽培管理措施及花期综合调控经验,为今后桂林地区郁金香的园林应用提供了参考。     

郁金香促成水培技术研究

郁金香促成水培,根系生长是关键,前期一定时间的低温和黑暗条件可以极大地诱导水生根的发生,培育壮苗,提高开花率;阴雨天气通过人工补光,可以减少促成水培郁金香盲花率;合理的水培营养添加能够提高非壮实种球的开花率。     

High-Temperature Treatment (Blindstoken) of Bulbs of Tulip cv Rose Copland for Flower Killing and Yield Improvement

A three-year experiment on the high-temperature treatment of tulip bulbs established that yield could be increased by between 8 and 31 % for bulb weight or between 14 and 29 % for numbers of large bulbs, depending upon season, associated with a near-complete flower kill. The optimum pre-treatment storage temperature was 17°C, and the best date (of the five tested) for starting blindstoken at 33°C for one week was 20th-21st September.

Yield increases were greater when the blindstoken treatment was applied to bulbs whose shoots were short; later treatment, or treatment after pre-treatments which allowed faster shoot growth, were less effective. For optimum flower kill and yield increase the shoot should be about 1 cm high at treatment. Bulb weight and large bulb number were correlated, suggesting that the treatment increases total bulb weight by increasing bulb size rather than by differentially affecting the growth of daughter bulbs.

No adverse effects of the treatments were observed when the bulbs were forced in a glasshouse the following season.     

低温处理时间对郁金香生物学性状及种球繁殖的影响

以郁金香品种"世界真爱"和"黄玉"为试材,采用低温处理的方法,研究了低温处理时间对植株生物学性状及种球繁殖的影响,以期探索出不同郁金香品种的最低需冷量,为郁金香盆花、切花周年生产提供参考依据。结果表明:"世界真爱"不经过低温处理(CK)的植株和低温处理2周的植株不能现蕾开花,低温处理4、6、8周的植株开花率分别为63.3%、80.0%、93.3%,低温处理10周,能够满足植株正常生长开花所需全部冷量,植株开花率同处理12周的植株开花率,均为100.0%;"黄玉"不经过低温处理(CK)的植株和低温处理2、4周的植株不能现蕾开花,低温处理6、8周的植株开花率分别为73.3%和83.3%,低温处理10周,能满足植株正常生长开花所需全部冷量,与处理12周的植株在开花率方面差异不显著,二者的开花率分别为96.7%和100.0%。低温处理不仅可以缩短郁金香生长周期,提高植株的生物学性状质量,而且能促进新球的形成和发育。随着低温处理时间的延长,"世界真爱"的种球繁殖系数由2.1增加至4.2,"黄玉"的种球繁殖系数由2.4增加至4.4。但对供试的2个品种植株而言,低温处理10周的植株,与处理12周的植株在开花、生物学性状和子球繁殖系数方面差异不明显。     

The tulip shoot apex. I. Structure and development

The development of the tulip shoot was followed from the time the first cells in the axil of a mother bulb scale became meristematic through bulb scale and leaf production to anthesis of the flower and senescence of the bulb scales and shoot. The periods of activity of the shoot apex were recorded and discussed. The life span of a tulip bulb from initiation to its death can be as long as 41 months, but during this time the apex of the principal axis may be inactive for three separate periods which may total 14 months.     

Field plots for the practical estimation of potential yield

Field bean (Vicia faba minor), tulip (Tulipa sp.) and calabrese (Brassica oleracea var. italica) were grown in the field under conditions where constraints on growth were minimised as far as was reasonably possible. Their growth and yield were compared with those of plants grown in adjacent plots with normal good husbandry practice.

Yields of total dry matter from the highly fertile “measured-maximum” (MM) yield plots of field bean, tulip and calabrese, (20, 18 and 12 t/ha, respectively) were 34, 44 and 49% greater than from the controls. Differences in harvest index (ratio of dry weight of economic unit to total plant dry weight) resulted in yields of economic product of 7.3, 42 and 20 t/ha fresh weight for field bean, tulip and calabrese, respectively, which represented increases over the control yields of 12, 61 and 67%.

It is suggested that the method provides an inexpensive and easy way of establishing a good estimate of potential total dry-matter yield for a particular locality. Such an estimate is a good criterion with which to compare growth from other experimental treatments and may provide a guide for deployment of research resources.     

Observations on the control of the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci of tulips with hot-water or thionazin treatment

Stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev) was controlled by either hot-water or thionazin treatment of lifted tulip bulbs, but some nematodes survived all the treatments. Hot-water treatment at 115 °F (46.1 °C) for one hour was less damaging to the bulbs than treatment at lower temperatures for longer periods of time, and treatment in July was less harmful than treatment in September; but the growth, of all except the most tolerant cultivars was checked so severely that the method would have only a limited use in commercial tulip production. Dipping the bulbs in the normal strength of thionazin, 2300 ppm, or in double this strength (4600 ppm), had no adverse effect on growth and flowering during the year after treatment, and the performance of bulbs treated in July or September was similar.     

杂种马褂木在杨凌地区的适生性研究

通过对杨凌地区15a杂种马褂木的生长情况、观赏性、健康状况等因素调查,同时用多年来杨凌地区普遍栽植的七叶树、栾树作为对照,比较分析了杂种马褂木的适生性。结果表明:从前15a树木生长速度上看,杂种马褂木无论是直径、树高,还是冠幅、冠高,均是最大的,其次是栾树,第三是七叶树;从树木观赏性综合评价来看,杂种马褂木最受人们喜爱,得分数明显高于栾树和七叶树;从抗性表现来看,杂种马褂木健康性最好,几乎无病虫害,无冻裂和日灼现象,亦有极强的吸附二氧化硫、抗风、抗粉尘能力。相对而言七叶树病虫害较多,抗日灼能力较差。因此,杨凌地区乃至关中地区在今后的城乡绿化中可以适当扩大杂种马褂木的栽植规模。     

西昌地区郁金香箱式促成栽培引种试验

对从荷兰引进的3个不同颜色系列切花郁金香品种,进行箱式促成栽培的品比试验,并测定郁金香切花的主要丰产指标.结果表明,黄色品系中黄色阿普多美（Gloden Apeldoorn）,白色品系中公园聚会（Garden Party）,红色品系中三弦琴（Balalaka）表现佳.     

Confounded winter and spring phenoclimatology on large herbivore ranges

Annual variation in winter severity and growing season vegetation dynamics appear to influence the demography of temperate herbivores but parsing winter from spring effects requires independent metrics of environmental conditions specific to each season. We tested for independence in annual variation amongst four common metrics used to describe winter severity and early growing season vegetation dynamics across the entire spatial distribution of elk (Cervus elaphus) in Wyoming from 1989 to 2006. Winter conditions and early growing season dynamics were correlated in a specific way. Winters with snow cover that ended early tended to be followed by early, but slow, rises in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), while long winters with extended periods of snow cover were often followed by late and rapid rises in NDVI. Across the 35 elk ranges, 0.4–86.8 % of the variation in the rate of increase in NDVI’s in spring was explained by the date snow cover disappeared from SNOTEL stations. Because phenoclimatological metrics are correlated across seasons and shifting due to climate change, identifying environmental constraints on herbivore fitness, particularly migratory species, is more difficult than previously recognized.     

温室黄瓜不同栽培制度对土壤微生物群落功能结构的影响

 以连作8年黄瓜的温室土壤为研究对象,设计了4种栽培制度,除CS3早春茬种植番茄外,其它处理传统两茬均为黄瓜,以传统两季种植。夏季休闲处理为对照,进行3年的盆栽试验,采用第3年夏茬后数据评价不同栽培制度对土壤微生物功能结构多样性,碳源利用,微生物量碳、氮和秋冬茬黄瓜产量的影响。结果表明,连作黄瓜土壤夏季填闲大蒜（CS4）、茼蒿（CS2）、菠菜—白菜（CS3）后微生物群落功能多样性、均匀度和Biolog ECO板每孔平均颜色变化率（AWCD）相对于对照均显著增加,其72 h AWCD值分别增加了57.0％、26.1％、57.2％,在主成份1和主成份1至3加权上,对照与其他处理存在显著差异;CS2、CS3、CS4在多聚物和碳水化合物的利用上显著高于对照,且CS2对芳香类化合物的利用显著高于其他处理;CS2、CS3、CS4微生物量C/N分别为14.4、14.9、9.3,显著高于对照;且CS2与CS4显著增加了秋冬茬黄瓜的产量。综合结果表明：CS2、CS3、CS4均能显著改变土壤微生物碳源,从而改变微生物群落的组成及其对土壤碳源的利用。