防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）

为贯彻落实《国务院关于促进生猪生产发展稳定市场供应的意见》（国发[2007]22号）文件精神，建立保障生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制，防止生猪价格过度下跌，稳定生猪生产，维护生猪养殖户利益，国家发展和改革委员会、财政部、农业部、商务部、国家工商总局、国家质检总局制定了《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）》，经国务院批准，现予发布，自发布之日起实施。     

防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案(暂行)

为贯彻落实《国务院关于促进生猪生产发展稳定市场供应的意见》（国发[2007122号）文件精神,建立保障生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制,防止生猪价格过度下跌,稳定生猪生产,维护生猪养殖户利益,国家发展和改革委员会、财政部、农业部、商务部、国家工商总局、国家质检总局制定了《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）》,经国务院批准,现予发布。     

六部门发布防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）公告

为贯彻落实《国务院关于促进生猪生产发展稳定市场供应的意见》（国发[2007]22号）文件精神,建立保障生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制,防止生猪价格过度下跌,稳定生猪生产,维护生猪养殖户利益,国家发展和改革委员会、财政部、农业部、商务部、国家工商总局、国家质检总局制定了《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）》,经国务院批准,现予发布,自发布之日起实施。     

我国制定首部防止生猪介格过度下跌的调控预案（暂行）

为贯彻落实《国务院关于促进生猪生产发展稳定市场供应的意见》（国发[2007]22号）文件精神,建立保障生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制,防止生猪价格过度下跌,稳定生猪生产,维护生猪养殖户利益,2009年1月9日国家发展和改革委员会、财政部、农业部、商务部、国家工商总局、国家质检总局制定了《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）》．经国务院批准,现予发布,自发布之日起实施。这是我国制订的首部防止生猪价格过度下跌的调控预案。     

防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）

为贯彻落实《国务院关于促进生猪生产发展稳定市场供应的意见》（国发、[2007]22号）文件精神，建立保障生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制；防止生猪价格过度下跌，稳定生猪生产，维护生猪养殖户利益，     

国家发改委就防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案答问

[本刊讯]1月13日,经国务院批准,国家发展和改革委员会(以下简称国家发改委)、财政部、农业部、商务部、国家工商总局、国家质检总局2009年1号公告联合发布了<防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案(暂行)>(以下简称<预案>),自发布之日起执行.日前,国家发改委有关负责人就<预案>有关问题回答了记者提问.     

山东省《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案》实施细则（暂行）

为建立生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制,防止生猪价格过度下跌．稳定生猪生产,维护生猪养殖户利益,在现行扶持生猪生产发展政策的基础上,根据国家发展和改革委员会等六部门《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案（暂行）》,结合我省实际．特制定本实施细则。     

防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案(暂行)

在坚持实施现行扶持生猪生产发展政策的基础上,为建立生猪生产稳定发展的长效机制,防止生猪价格过度下跌,稳定生猪生产,维护生猪养殖户利益,特制定本预案.     

国家发改委将制定调控预案防止生猪价格过度下跌

据中国国家发展和改革委员会有关负责人介绍,发改委正会同有关部门研究制定防止生猪价格过度下跌的调控预案,防止再次出现猪贱农伤农的情况。     

防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案(暂行)出台

1月13日,经国务院批准,国家发展和改革委员会、财政部、农业部、商务部、国家工商总局、国家质检总局2009年1号公告联合发布了《防止生猪价格过度下跌调控预案(暂行)》(以下简称《预案》),自发布之日起执行。国家发展改革委     

猪源乳酸菌制剂的制作及其在仔猪生产上的应用

试验旨在研究优良乳酸菌(来源于健康仔猪粪便)制剂的制作与其饲喂效果,探讨其对哺乳仔猪(7～28日龄)与断奶仔猪(29～60日龄)生长性能的影响。将R11(屎肠球菌)、R15(鸡肠球菌)、R18(嗜酸乳杆菌)、R22(口乳杆菌)、R保(保加利亚杆菌)各株优良菌株混合培养进行竞争性筛选,并对其种子液培养基成分进行设计与选择,筛选出最佳混合菌种与合适的种子液。分别按0.2%、0.3%比例添加到哺乳与断奶仔猪基础日粮中,并与抗生素组作对照进行饲喂试验。试验结果表明,屎肠球菌、鸡肠球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、口乳杆菌混合培养后较单独培养pH显著降低(P<0.05);并且配方二培养基二的菌数显著高于配方一、三、四。两组仔猪哺乳期、断奶期的平均日采食量、平均日增重、每头总采食量、饲料转化率、腹泻率与死亡率差异均不显著(P>0.05),且益生菌组较抗生素组断奶后(29～60日龄)仔猪平均日增重提高9.21 g,饲料转化率降低0.11。结果表明,猪源乳酸菌制剂可以替代抗生素应用于仔猪。     

Preventing highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) at the rural community level: a case study from Cambodia

Poultry is an integral part of the rural livelihoods in Cambodia, with more than half of the households keeping poultry in their small-scale, traditional, and extensive backyards. More than 20 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks have been reported since 2004 with deaths of over 21,000 birds. During the HPAI outbreaks, some of the flocks in the rural areas were culled without compensation and producers were not allowed to sell outside of the community. Heifer International worked with 2,000 rural families through local project partners in the target communities to develop an effective intervention mechanism to mitigate the impact of the HPAI crisis. Heifer International provided training, public education, and networking as well as promoting model farms based on improved scavenging poultry management. Each community selected one farm family to serve as a model farm. They were trained in Heifer's working approach and committed to practicing integrated farming systems based on scavenging poultry management. One Village Animal Health Worker (VAHW) in each community participated during the project implementation, playing a key role in the information exchange and the interaction between the communities and the avian influenza experts. Formal and informal trainings were conducted for all project partners and project recipients through experts and VAHWs, respectively. There have been no outbreaks reported in the communities in the project areas. Farmers have started using appropriate techniques to maintain biosecurity. They are passing on the knowledge and the skills to the surrounding communities. This participatory approach in educating rural farmers can serve as a model to mitigate HPAI in the developing countries around the world.     

alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) absorption from pig intestine and plasma pharmacokinetics

To study the absorption, metabolism and kinetics, the AKG (in different concentrations) was administered intravenously, intra-portally, orally and directly into the ileum or duodenum of pigs, chronically fitted with portal and jugular catheters and T-shaped cannula at the duodenum and ileum. Additionally, this study was conducted to determine the influence of low pH, Fe(2+) or/and SO on AKG gut absorption and conversely FeSO(4) and FeSO(4)/AKG on Fe(2+) gut absorption. It is concluded that AKG was significantly better absorbed from the upper small intestine than from the distal sections. Furthermore, low pH, Fe(2+) and/or SO ions enhanced AKG absorption. The AKG administered to the portal vein was rapidly eliminated from the blood (half-life less than 5 min). The short lifetime for AKG is probably dependent on quick metabolism in the enteorcyetes and liver. However, the prolonged half-life can be related to its low AKG blood concentration. The Fe(2+) concentrations in blood increased after FeSO(4) and FeSO(4)/AKG duodenal infusion. The implication of above observations is important for practical application of the AKG in animal and human nutrition as well in medicine.     

中药免疫增强剂维康对湖北白猪断奶仔猪免疫应答及生长性能的影响

1 材料与方法 1.1 免疫增强剂 试验所用免疫增强剂由武汉日鑫兽药经营公司提供,山东金铸基药业有限公司生产,商品名为维康,通用名为黄连解毒散,性状为白色粉末,属中药类复合型免疫增强剂,所含主要有效成分为黄连、黄芩、黄柏、干扰素、TCGF、天然稀土绿色免疫增强剂,药品批号为070625.     

Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) Farm Program: results from finisher pig surveillance

In 2006, the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) Farm Program was implemented in sentinel grower-finisher swine herds in Québec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Herds were visited 1-3 times annually. Faecal samples were collected from pens of close-to-market (CTM) weight (>80 kg) pigs and antimicrobial use (AMU) data were collected via questionnaires. Samples were cultured for generic Escherichia coli and Salmonella and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. This paper describes the findings of this program between 2006 and 2008. Eighty-nine, 115 and 96 herds participated in this program in 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. Over the 3 years, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) levels remained consistent. During this period, resistance to one or more antimicrobials was detected in 56-63% of the Salmonella spp. isolates and 84-86% of E. coli isolates. Resistance to five or more antimicrobials was detected in 13-23% of Salmonella and 12-13% of E. coli. Resistance to drugs classified as very important to human health (Category I) by the Veterinary Drug Directorate (VDD), Health Canada, was less than or equal to 1% in both organisms. AMU data were provided by 100 herds in 2007 and 95 herds in 2008. Nine herds in 2007 and five herds in 2008 reported no AMU. The most common route of antimicrobial administration (75-79% of herds) was via feed, predominantly macrolides/lincosamides (66-68% of herds). In both 2007 and 2008, the primary reasons given for macrolide/lincosamide use were disease prevention, growth promotion and treatment of enteric disease. The Category I antimicrobials, ceftiofur and virginiamycin were not used in feed or water in any herds in 2008, but virginiamycin was used in feed in two herds in 2007. Parenteral ceftiofur was used in 29 herds (29%) in 2007 and 20 herds (21%) in 2008. The reasons for ceftiofur use included treatment of lameness, respiratory disease and enteric disease.     

Prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) in pig faeces from slaughterhouses in Spain

A study to estimate the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in faecal samples from pigs at slaughterhouses in Spain was carried out between November 1998 and January 1999 with 900 samples taken from four abattoirs representing 9.7% of all pig slaughtered in 1998. Using a selective enrichment broth with vancomycin (8 μg/ml), 64 samples (7.1%; 95% CI: 5.5, 9.0%) had E. faecium vancomycin-resistant strains that showed minimal inhibitory concentrations of 256 μg/ml (62 strains) and 512 μg/ml (two strains). Results by farm showed that 43 of the 240 pig farms represented in the sampling had at least one faecal sample with vancomycin-resistant E. faecium.     

规模化猪场断奶仔猪呼吸综合征的防制

断奶仔猪呼吸综合征是由蓝耳病病毒、圆环病毒、副嗜血杆菌等多种病原引起以呼吸道症状为主的一种综合征。常发生于6-12周龄的断奶仔猪。表现为渐进性消瘦、贫血、呼吸困难，造成保育舍弱猪、僵猪增多，成活率下降，是目前制约养猪业发展的重要疫病之一，但尚无有效疫苗和特效药物。