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1.
Jing Li Peng Xu Xianneng Deng Jiawu Zhou Fengyi Hu Jianmin Wan Dayun Tao 《Euphytica》2008,164(3):699-708
To further understand the nature of hybrid sterility between Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima, quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling hybrid sterility between the two cultivated rice species were detected in BC1F1 and advanced backcross populations. A genetic map was constructed using the BC1F1 population derived from a cross between WAB450-16, an O. sativa cultivar, and CG14, an O. glaberrima cultivar. Seven main-effect QTLs for pollen and spikelet sterility were detected in the BC1F1. Forty-four sterility NILs (BC6F1) were developed via successive backcrosses using pollen sterility plants as female and WAB450-16 as the recurrent parent.
Seven NILs, in which the target QTL regions were heterozygous while the other QTL regions as well as most of the reminder
of the genome were homozygous for the WAB450-16 allele, were selected as the QTL identification materials. BC7F1 for the seven NILs showed a continuous variation in pollen and spikelet fertility. The four identified pollen sterility QTLs
were located one each on chromosomes 1, 3, 7 and 7. Pollen sterility loci qSS-3 and qSS-7a were on chromosomes 3 and 7, respectively, which coincides with the previously identified S19, and S20, while loci qSS-1 and qSS-7b on chromosomes 1 and 7L appear distinct from all previously reported loci. An epistatic interaction controlling the hybrid
sterility was detected between qSS-1 and qSS-7a. 相似文献
2.
Peng Xu Jiawu Zhou Jing Li Fengyi Hu Xianneng Deng Sufeng Feng Guangyun Ren Zhi Zhang Wei Deng Dayun Tao 《Breeding Science》2014,63(5):476-482
Hybrid sterility hinders the transfer of useful traits between Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima. In order to further understand the nature of interspecific hybrid sterility between these two species, a strategy of multi-donors was used to elucidate the range of interspecific hybrid sterility in this study. Fifty-nine accessions of O. glaberrima were used as female parents for hybridization with japonica cultivar Dianjingyou 1, after several backcrossings using Dianjingyou 1 as the recurrent parent and 135 BC6F1 sterile plants were selected for genotyping and deducing hybrid sterility QTLs. BC6F1 plants containing heterozygous target markers were selected and used to raise BC7F1 mapping populations for QTL confirmation and as a result, one locus for gamete elimination on chromosome 1 and two loci for pollen sterility on chromosome 4 and 12, which were distinguished from previous reports, were confirmed and designated as S37(t), S38(t) and S39(t), respectively. These results will be valuable for understanding the range of interspecific hybrid sterility, cloning these genes and improving rice breeding through gene introgression. 相似文献
3.
Tomosaburo Yabuno 《Euphytica》1987,36(2):529-534
Summary It is shown that the restorer gene Rf
j
extracted from the Japanese rice variety Akebono is effective on pollen restoration in the cytoplasm substitution line having the nucleus of Oryza glaberrima and japonica or indica cytoplasm of O. sativa, and is of the sporophytic type.The Asian perennial type of the wild rice species O. rufipogon is considered to be the progenitor of O. sativa. Two substitution lines having the cytoplasm of a perennial strain of O. rufipogon from Sri Lanka and the nucleus of O. glaberrima with or without the gene Rf
j
in homozygous condition have been bred by means of successive backcrosses. These lines have now reached the BC5 generation. Plants of the lines resemble morphologically the recurrent parent, but do not show pollen restoration, indicating that the cytoplasm of the rufipogon strain induced male sterility and that the gene Rf
j
does not act as the restorer. 相似文献
4.
The African rice Oryza glaberrima, traditionally cultivated since more than 3.500 years, is of poor agronomic performance but resistant/tolerant to various
stresses and diseases. The introduction of these characters into O. sativa cultivars is difficult since crossing barriers cause spikelet sterility in F1. Backcrossing can restore fertility and recently
facilitated the development of fertile O. glaberrima × O. sativa ssp. japonica hybrid progenies for rain fed systems. With the objective to gain access to African rice germplasm for improvement of irrigated
rice, crosses were performed with eighteen O. glaberrima and twenty O. sativa ssp. indica accessions. In total about one hundred F1-hybrid grains were obtained. The F1 plants were all completely sterile and backcrossing
(BC) to O. sativa was performed in order to restore spikelet fertility. Monitoring of Tog5681 × IR64 hybrid progenies under field conditions
revealed a broad genetic diversity within the BC1 and BC2 populations. Some BC1 and BC2 progeny plants outperformed the O. sativa parent, indicating that the heterozygocity level and complementary gene action after two backcrosses are still sufficient
to positively influence plant vigor. Spikelet fertility of progenies was highly variable, but almost complete fertility was
already observed within the BC1F2 population. High spikelet fertility was preserved in one out of two analyzed BC1F3 families and inmost of the BC2F3 families. The ability to restore spikelet fertility within few generations and the potential of the genetic diversity present
in interspecific progenies facilitates the development of plant types specifically designed for the African irrigated and
lowland environment.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Dayun Tao Peng Xu Jing Li Fengyi Hu Youqiong Yang Jiawu Zhou XueLing Tan Monty P. Jones 《Euphytica》2004,138(3):247-254
Several upland Japonica breeding lines, WAB450-11-1-3-P40-HB (Abbreviated as WAB450-11), WAB450-11-1-2-P61-HB (WAB450-13), WAB450-l-B-P-91-HB (WAB450-14), IRAT216, IRAT359, and IRAT104, possessing restoring ability for the Dian 1 type cms (cms-D) line Dianyu 1A were recently identified at Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, P. R. China. In this study, the inheritance of restoring ability in these lines was characterized through the production of backcross populations to the male-sterile and maintainer Dianyu 1 lines. Each of the restorer lines was used to pollinate Dianyu 1A to form a F1 hybrid which was then backcrossed (1) with Dianyu 1B producing a BC1F1 population and (2) to the female parent Dianyu 1A producing a BC5F2 population. The lines were also crossed with the japonica restorer line C57, carrying the restorer gene Rf1 that was introgressed from indica, to form F1 hybrids, these hybrids were then testcrossed with Dianyu 1A to study the allelic relationship of their restorer genes to Rf1. The inheritance in these testcross populations indicated that the complete restoring ability of WAB450-11, WAB450-13, WAB450-14, IRAT216, IRAT359, and the partial restoring ability of IRAT104 were controlled by dominant genes, and the gene in WAB450-13, WAB450-14, and IRAT216 was allelic or identical to Rf1. When 136 SSR markers were used to score 143 BC1F1 individuals from Dianyu 1A/WAB450-13//Dianyu 1B, the japonica Rf1 allele was found to be located between RM171 and RM6100 on the long arm of chromosome 10, an interval corresponding to that known for the indica Rf1 allele. The distance between RM171 and Rf1 is 2.8 cM, and that between Rf1 and RM6100 is 4.9 cM. Similar linkage results were obtained from mapping 89 individuals of the corresponding BC5F2 population (Dianyu 1A/6/Dianyu 1A/WAB450-13). 相似文献
6.
Interspecific cytoplasm substitutions of an Indica strain of Oryza sativa L. and O. Glaberrima
Steud
Yoshio Sano 《Euphytica》1985,34(3):587-592
Summary To study differential nucleus-cytoplasm interactions between the two cultivated rice species, Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima, cytoplasmic substitution lines were made by using a glaberrima strain (G) and an Indica strain of sativa (S). The G cytoplasm had no adverse effect on pollen development when combined with the nucleus of S. On the other hand, when the S cytoplasm was combined with the G nucleus, the substitution line showed no seed set because of male sterility although the pollen grains were normally stained with I2-KI solution. A dominant gene derived from S strain seemed to cause anther indehiscence in the substitution line. Further, a restorer gene (Rf
j)from Akebono of Japonica type was effective on pollen restoration in the male sterile line, suggesting that the S cytoplasm is the same as those of Japonica type in terms of a fertility-restoring system.This paper is Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 4. 相似文献
7.
Summary Several hybrids between Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima and their backcrosses with O. sativa were studied. Their seed sterility was very different; large differences were also observed in the level of pollen sterility and in the earliness of microspore failure. The proportion of aborted embryo sacs was much lower than the rate of sterile male gametophytes. The backcross populations were much more sterile than the corresponding F1 hybrids. On the base of our observations and according to the literature, we may conclude that genic unbalance is the main cause of sterility of these hybrids, but that physiological factors may also be involved. Thus a restoration of fertility is generally possible by selection. On the other hand, male-sterile lines could be bred from some of these hybrids. 相似文献
8.
Tomosaburo Yabuno 《Euphytica》1977,26(2):451-463
Summary Interspecific cytoplasm substitution lines of Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima, i.e. (sativa)-glaberrima and (glaberrima)-sativa, have been bred by means of successive backcrosses, using three japonica varieties of sativa and two glaberrima strains.In all the six substitution lines with the cytoplasm of the glaberrima strains, the fertility increased with succeeding backcrosses, and eventually completely fertile plants whith the characteristics of the parental japonica variety appeared. This indicates that the glaberrima cytoplasm exerted no effect on the genome manifestation of these japonica varieties. Of the five substitution lines with the cytoplasm of each of the japonica varieties, four lines produced male sterile (M.S.) plants only in the backcross generations. In the remaining substitution line with the cytoplasm of the japonica variety Akebono, there was simultaneous segregation for male sterile (M.S.) and pollen fertile plants bearing indehiscent anthers (ID.M.F.) in the backcross generations. In the compulsively selfed progeny of ID.M.F. plants, pollen fertile plants with dehiscent anthers (D.M.F.) occurred with M.S- and ID.M.F. plants. Morphologically, these three types were supposed to have the same genetic background as the glaberrima parent. It was established that D.M.F.-and ID.M.F. plants were homozygous and heterozygous for a dominant nuclear gene restoring pollen fertility, respectively, and the M.S. plants and the two glaberrima strains used in this study carried a recessive gene for pollen sterility in homozygous condition. The restorer gene was assumed to derive from the japonica variety Akebono. The expression of the restorer gene was of the sporophytic type. The pollen sterility of the substitution lines that possessed the cytoplasm of the japonica varieties was of cytoplasmon-genic nature. 相似文献
9.
Mitsukazu Sakata Yoshiyuki Yamagata Kazuyuki Doi Atsushi Yoshimura 《Breeding Science》2014,64(4):309-320
Hybrid incompatibility plays an important role in establishment of post-zygotic reproductive isolation. To unveil genetic basis of hybrid incompatibilities between diverged species of genus Oryza AA genome species, we conducted genetic dissection of hybrid sterility loci, S22(t), which had been identified in backcross progeny derived from Oryza sativa ssp. japonica (recurrent parent) and South American wild rice O. glumaepatula near the end of the short arm of chromosome 2. The S22(t) region was found to be composed of two loci, designated S22A and S22B, that independently induce F1 pollen sterility. Pollen grains containing either of the sterile alleles (S22A-glums or S22B-glums) were sterile if produced on a heterozygous plant. No transmission of the S22A-glums allele via pollen was observed, whereas a low frequency of transmission of S22B-glums was observed. Cytological analysis showed that the sterile pollen grains caused by S22A could reach the bicellular or tricellular stage, and the nearly-sterile pollen grains caused by S22B could reach the tricellular stage. Our genetic analysis showed repulsion linkage effect is possible to induce strong reproductive barrier by high pollen sterility based on recombination value and transmission ratio of hybrid sterility gene to the progeny was influenced by frequency of competitors on fertilization. 相似文献
10.
Tomosaburo Yabuno 《Euphytica》1981,30(3):867-873
Summary In common rice, Oryza sativa L. (n=12), the gene Am for non-glutinous is dominant over the gene am for glutinous. In African rice, O. glaberrima Steud. (n=12), no spontaneous glutinous strain has been found, but recently a glutinous strain of glaberrima was induced by EMS-treatment.The interspecific cytoplasm substitution line with sativa cytoplasm and glaberrima nucleus is male sterile. It has been confirmed that the complete restoration of pollen fertility in this male sterile line is attributed to a single dominant nuclear gene Rf
j.Trial to transfer gene am from sativa to glaberrima was commenced with backcrosses of the F1 hybrid (glutinous sativa cv. Iwai-mochi × glaberrima ) to glaberrima type plants of the substitution line homozygous for Rf
j,using the latter as the pollen parent. At the B1 step, highly fertile glaberrima type Am/am plants were obtained. Thereafter plants of this type were backcrossed to normal glaberrima as the recurrent pollen parent to complete the nuclear substitution. It was confirmed that the EMS-induced glutinous character of glaberrima was a monogenic recessive and that the same gene controls the expression of glutinous character in the different rice species, sativa and glaberrima. 相似文献
11.
Ernest D. P. Whelan 《Euphytica》1979,28(2):297-308
Summary Interspecific substitutions of the nucleus of Helianthus annuus (2n=34) into the cytoplasm of H. petiolaris (2n=34) were obtained by successive backcrossing using cultivated sunflower, H. annuus, as the recurrent pollen parent.Meiosis in the F1 was characterized by multivalents, suggesting that 10 of the 34 chromosomes were heterozygous for chromosomal interchanges. An additional pair of chromosomes also contained a paracentric inversion. Continued backcrossing resulted in rapid elimination of the meiotic aberrations evident in the F1. In the BC1, 1 of 11 plants had normal meiosis and by the BC2, only 13 of 54 plants had meiotic aberrations similar to those of the F1. However, trisomic progeny (2n=35) were found in 3 of the 11 BC1 plants and 20 of the 54 BC2 plants. No meiotic aberrations were observed in BC3 or BC4 plants. Plants with indehiscent anthers, and considered to be male sterile (M.S.), first occurred in the BC1 and, by the BC2, 51 of 54 plants were M.S. All 19 BC3 and 16 BC4 plants were M.S. Preliminary investigations suggest that the pollen from such plants is sterile and that the sterility is cytoplasmic rather than genetic.Disc-flower measurements were a useful technique for selecting samples at the correct stage of microsporogenesis, but could not be used to distinguish between successive backcrosses. 相似文献
12.
Ernest D. P. Whelan 《Euphytica》1980,29(1):33-46
Summary Interspecific substitutions of the nucleus of Helianthus annuus (2n=34) cv. Saturn into the cytoplasm of H. petiolaris (2n=34) by successive backcrossing, resulted in progenies with indehiscent anthers containing white, rather than normal yellow, pollen. Further backcrossing by cv. Saturn failed to restore pollen shed, suggesting that the male sterility was cytoplasmic. In vivo germination tests of pollen from 23 such plants from eight BC5 lines, indicated complete pollen sterility for 14 plants, but normal seed set, suggesting that female fertility was not affected. Meiosis in all plants examined was normal.Crosses between seven sources of pollen-fertility restorer, one collection of wild H. annuus, and an existing source of cytoplasmic male sterility, resulted in a high frequency of plants with normal pollen shed in all F1 progenies. However, no normal pollen shed was evident in F1 progenies for similar crosses between BC5 male-steriles and three of the seven restorer sources, nor for the single wild H. annuus evaluated. The foregoing suggests that the backcross substitution lines are a new source of cytoplasmic male sterility. The inheritance of restoration of pollen shed was complex and not fully elucidated. Some data suggested that two independent, complementary, dominant genes were required, but others indicated two to three independent, dominant genes. 相似文献
13.
Tomosaburo Yabuno 《Euphytica》1990,50(3):191-195
Summary Recurrent backcrossing has been carried out with a view to transfer a gene for non-glutinous endosperm from two strains of O. glaberrima (Wx
g
/Wx
g
) to glutinous japonica and indica varieties (wx/wx) of Oryza sativa. In the course of backcrosses Wx
g
/wx segregants were crossed with each of the two glutinous varieties of sativa as the respective recurrent male parent. The wx/wx and Wx
g
/wx segregants in the successive generations were consistently fully fertile and semi-sterile, respectively. The semi-sterility of Wx
g
/wx plants was attributable to abortion of most of the pollen grains carrying the gene wx. The nucleus but not cytoplasm was related to the semi-sterility. The Wx
g
/Wx plants having the gene for non-glutinous endosperm of a glaberrima strain and a japonica variety of sativa were also semi-sterile. Both wx- and Wx-megaspores in the plants heterozygous for the gene Wx
g
were deleteriously affected. The results could be explained by assuming that a factor tightly linked with the gene Wx
g
of glaberrima sterilizes gametes not carrying it in the heterozygotes and that the gametocidal action is exerted when combined with the sativa nucleus by the recurrent backcross method. 相似文献
14.
Haploid selection for traits related to pollen cold tolerance in tomato was performed in segregating populations derived from a Lycopersicon esculentum × L. pennellii hybrid. BC1 populations were obtained by combining normal and low temperature treatments on two stages of pollen development: pollen formation, and germination and pollen tube growth. F1 hybrids were cultivated under low and normal temperatures and their pollen was used to pollinate L. esculentum plants at low and normal temperatures. The four BC1 populations obtained were tested for the quality and quantity of pollen produced at low temperatures. The population obtained by cold treatment at both stages had a significantly improved pollen germination ability at low temperatures. The two other coldselected BC1 populations showed no differences compared with the unselected BC population. A second cycle of pollen selection, corresponding to BC2, was applied in order to test its persistence in the subsequent generations and the possibility to further improve the character. This second cycle showed no improvement although some plants retained the high pollen germination ability at low temperatures that was observed in the first cycle. Hence, gametophytic selection of some characters related with tomato pollen performance may be feasible, at least for the first cycle of selection. 相似文献
15.
16.
Summary Results of reciprocal crosses between Solanum verrucosum (2n=2x=24) and S. bulbocastanum (2n=2x=24) are described in terms of pollen tube behaviour in styles, of berry and seed set, of fertility and of meiotic behaviour of the F1 hybrids. Pollen tube growth of S. verrucosum is strongly inhibited in styles of S. bulbocastanum, whereas no inhibition is observed in the reciprocal cross. Therefore S. bulbocastanum x S. verrucosum fails to set berries or seeds, whereas the reciprocal cross produces both berries (54.4% berry set) and seeds (0.3 per berry). Only 14.6% of the seeds germinate. Both the diploid and corresponding tetraploid hybrid plants are vigorous, flower abundantly, have a rather regular meiosis (mainly rod bivalents), but show a high degree of cytoplasmic-genic male sterility. Crossability of the diploid hybrid plants is nil when used as pollen parents and near to zero when used as pistillate parents. The barriers to hybridization of the parent species (unilateral inhibition of pollen tube growth, somatoplastic sterility, cytoplasmic-genic male sterility and structural differences of the parental chromosomes) are discussed and methods are suggested to overcome these barriers. 相似文献
17.
Reproductive fertility traits were studied in the reciprocal hybrids of the eggplant(Solanum melongena L.) and S. aethiopicum L. Gilo Group, and in synthetic amphidiploids to discover whether fertility in these reciprocal hybrids was restored by chromosome
doubling. Isozyme and RAPD analyses confirmed hybridity of the hybrids and amphidiploids. Analyses of chloroplast and mitochondrial
DNAs confirmed that the cytoplasm of each of the hybrids and amphidiploids was from the maternal parent. Pollen sterility
of S. melongena × S. aethiopicum Gilo Group [F1 (Mel × Aet)] was restored by chromosome doubling, while the reciprocal hybrid S. aethiopicum Gilo Group ×S. melongena [F1 (Aet × Mel)]and its amphidiploid did not produce any pollen grains; their microspores degenerated without being released
from tetrads. Hence the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Gilo Group seems to beresponsible for their pollen-non-formation type sterility of the hybrid. Both the F1 hybrids did not set any fruits by either selfing or backcrossing, while their amphidiploids set fruits after pollinating
with pollen from the amphidiploid of F1 (Mel × Aet). Seeds obtained from both the amphidiploids germinated normally. Chromosome doubling has been effective in restoring
fertility of the hybrids.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
Summary Atrazine resistant Brassica napus × B. oleracea F1 hybrids were backcrossed to both parental species. The backcrosses to B. napus produced seeds in both directions but results were much better when the F1 hybrid was the pollen parent. Backcrosses to B. oleracea failed completely but BC1s were rescued by embryo culture both from a tetraploid hybrid (2n = 4x = 37; A1C1CC) and sesquidiploid hybrids (2n = 3x = 8; A1C1C). Progeny of crosses between the tetraploid hybrid and B. oleracea had between 25 and 28 chromosomes. That of crosses between the sesquidiploid hybrid and B. oleracea had between 21 and 27. A few plants that had chromosome counts outside the expected range may have originated from either diploid parthenogenesis, unreduced gametes or spontaneous chromosome doubling during in vitro culture. Pollen stainability of the BC1s ranged from 0% to 91.5%. All the BC1s to B. oleracea were resistant to atrazine. 相似文献
19.
用覆盖抗褐飞虱基因Bph15的两个BAC克隆,即20M14 (27 kb)和64O9 (36 kb)作为探针,对非洲栽培稻、药用野生稻和宽叶野生稻体细胞染色体进行荧光原位杂交(FISH)。两个BAC克隆均被定位于非洲栽培稻和药用野生稻第4染色体的短臂上,杂交信号的百分距离分别为37.03±4.11和81.22±3.62,相应的信号检出率为41.18%和38.22%。在宽叶野生稻中,有两对同源染色体同时检出信号,分别定位于染色体的短臂和着丝粒区,信号距着丝粒平均百分距离分别为87.78±5.23和0,信号检出率为52.58%。由此推知,这两个BAC克隆在非洲栽培稻和药用野生稻的第4染色体分布同线且同区,并且在宽叶野生稻的DD基因组也存在Bph15基因的同源序列。在未封阻的情况下,BAC克隆在非洲栽培稻的多条染色体上有杂交信号,表明它和栽培稻C0t-1 DNA在一定程度上具有同源性。上述结果初步显示Bph15在3个稻种染色体中的相对位置。文章讨论了Bph15在3个种间的关系,为有效分离和利用Bph15基因提供了有益的依据,对不同基因组及二倍体和四倍体中功能基因可能进化机制的分析提供了线索。 相似文献
20.
Summary Pollen germination and pollen tube growth after self- and intra- and interspecific pollinations of annual [M. scutellata (L.) Mill., M. disciformis DC., and M. rigidula (L.) All.] and perennial (M. sativa L.) Medicago species were studied using a Carl Zeiss microscope with a fluorescence filter attachment.Self-pollination of self-fertile annual and intraspecific pollination of cross-fertile perennials were characterized by high pollen germination and rapid normal pollen tube growth. In contrast pollen germination percentages were very low and many pollen tube growth abnormalities occurred following interspecific pollination and self-pollination of self-sterile plants. The time period from pollination to fertilization for interspecific crosses was about double that following self-pollination of the annual species. However, fertilization occurred frequently following interspecific pollinations. Much of the sterility was due to factor(s) operating after fertilization.Cooperative investigations of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Dept. of Agronomy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Contribution No. 82-582-J- Mention of a trademark name or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and does not imply its approval over other products that also may be suitable. 相似文献