加拿大的林业职业教育

2001年11月24日至12月7日,中国林业职业教育考察团一行8人,对加拿大职业教育情况进行了为期两周的访问考察。本次访问考察,主要目的是深入了解加拿大职业教育的基本情况,认真学习加拿大职业技术教育的有益经验,进一步开阔林业职业技术教育管理干部的视野和办学思路,努力提高林业职业技术教育管理干部的能力和水平,并具体探讨林业职业技术教育与加拿大林业职业技术教育交流与合作的途径与办法,全面促进中国林业职业技术教育工作的发展与进步。考察团在加拿大期间,先后访问了加拿大社区学院联合会、卡尔顿大学、麦积尔大学、亚冈昆学院潘布鲁…     

加拿大将制定林业标准

为了回答公众对林业的关切,在对专业林业工作者进行调查的基础上,加拿大专业林业工作者协会联合会,其成员包括加拿大的所有专业林业工作者组织和加拿大林学会,已经组成一个全国性的工作组,该工作组将制定一套国家行为规范、一套全国性的林业道德规范和一套专业林业标准。     

打造木结构建筑新时代

3月28日,第七届国际绿色建筑与建筑节能大会在北京召开,加拿大林业协会携手卑诗省林业厅林业发展投资处参加了此次大会,并进行了代木结构建筑加拿大低碳木结构样板房现场展示。加拿大卑诗省贸易投资部帕特贝尔部长专程到现场为加拿大低碳木结构样板房揭幕,钉下了该建筑的最后一钉。据了解,在双方的共同努力下,申请并获批的首批四个中加合作多层木结     

一个林业发达国家的经验与启示--加拿大林业考察报告

2001年9月29日至10月11日,应加拿大林务局局长哈代的邀请,国家林业局党组成员、中纪委驻国家林业局纪检组组长杨继平同志率中国林业考察团一行7人,围绕加拿大林业在社会经济中的地位与作用、林业可持续发展、森林公园和保护区建设、林产品加工贸易、公有林经营管理、私有林经营管理等6个重点内容进行了考察,对加拿大自然资源部林务局、劳伦天林业中心、大西洋林业中心、太平洋林业中心、国际示范林网络秘书处、方迪示范林办公室以及国家公园、省立公园、林业公司、私有林协会等不同层次的林业官员、职员、业主进行了访问。本刊将分两期刊登该考察报告。     

安徽林业中小企业赴美、加考察报告

应美国农业科技研究所和加拿大林业协会的邀请,经省政府批准,我省林业中小企业管理考察团一行8人,于2004年10月4日至16日赴美国、加拿大进行了林业专题考察.考察项目主要包括两国的林业企业政策;美国农林高科技专题确定;产业化运作机制;先进生产技术和管理经验;林业产业发展现状及科技产业人力资源开发等.进行访问和交流的机构有美国农业部(USDA)、农业研究中心(BARS)、国家公园、小型木材加工厂,加拿大温哥华中国文化中心等.     

加拿大林产品在建筑中的应用——记加拿大考察之旅

2011年9月,中国木业国际网＆《国际木业》杂志及其它一些相关媒体、企业代表,应加拿大林业协会的邀请,赴加拿大对卑诗省温哥华市森林采伐、加工、科研、轻型木结构建筑项目等进行了考察。     

森林工业不依赖毁林而发展

加拿大：加拿大林产工业界在回应有人对在加拿大西海岸的雨林和北方森林伐木表示忧虑时说，加拿大是全球森林可持续发展的领袖。加拿大森工产品协会称，在经过1个多世纪的大规模采伐木材后，加拿大仍然拥有91％的原始林，这比任何国家要多得多。这得益于“世界领先的林业措施和管理体制”，加拿大净毁林率为零。加拿大93％的森林为公共所有，公司在这些林地上的作业活动必须全部合法。森工产品协会还强调，     

加拿大政府在木制品市场投资近800万美元

加拿大:加拿大木材产品和林业协会,以及15个森林工业贸易协会和研究机构将从不列颠哥伦比亚省和联邦政府获得790万美元的投资,该投资旨在促进加拿大和国外相关地域的新木材产品市场。据加拿大木业(Wood Business Canada)报道,不列颠哥伦比亚省森林部长(B.C. Forests Minister)Doug Donaldson于4月4日在温哥华召开的不列     

加拿大木材中国论坛在京召开

正2015年12月,题为"加拿大木材开创更绿色未来"的2015加拿大木材中国论坛在北京隆重召开,会议由加拿大木业协会主办,中国木材与木制品流通协会、中国家具协会、北京市木业商会、上海木材行业协会、天津市木业协会共同协办。来自加拿大主要林业公司的高管和中国木材行业精英,共同探讨中加木材贸易新一年的机遇与挑战。     

加拿大林业概况——赴加拿大考察见闻之一

国林学会代表团一行廿五人,应加拿大大不列颠哥伦比亚省Britisn columbia(简称B.C省)林业协会邀请,于1986年5月11日至25日到哥伦比亚省进行了友好访问,并进行了林业考察。考察期间,代表团听取了B.C省林业部副部长Mr.A.Macpherson、联邦政府所     

Expanding opportunities for agroforestry education in the U.S. and Canadian universities

A telephone survey of 39 U.S. and Canadian University forestry schools accredited with the Society of American Foresters, conducted in November 1988, showed that 25 had courses in tropical and international forestry, and 14 university faculties had been conducting research in agroforestry. Field-oriented training in agroforestry is also offered in North America, especially for voluntary and relief organization personnel. Many of the agroforestry courses have been established recently in response to desires of students with international interests and/or experience. Most of such courses are integrated programs, initiated by forestry faculty, and most of these are seminars or colloquia incorporating the experience of both faculty and students with focus on systems and issues rather than technical proceses. Ideas for agroforestry course content offered by North American forestry faculty include: integration of social and technical aspects of agroforestry and social forestry, involvement of multidisciplinary teams, focus on managing marginal, lands and consideration of the importance of agroforestry systems in North America and other temperate zones.     

Comparison of Agriculture and Forestry Fiscal Subsidy Policies in China

Great importance has been attached to the “Agriculture-Rural-Farmer” issue by the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council of China. In recent years, a series of agricultural supporting subsidy policies, such as direct subsidies to grain, seed, material, and machinery purchases have been enforced, and these policies have greatly promoted the agricultural production and the incremental income of farmers. However, from the perspective of increasing the farmers’ income, although the subsidy coverage is expanding from fields to hilly areas where the farmers have made major contributions to the supply of wood and ecological security, the farmers have a low income without enough aid from the forestry fiscal subsidy policy. Foresters cannot enjoy the same policy support as farmers, because the level of forestry fiscal subsidies is obviously lower than the level of agricultural subsidies. Therefore, based on investigation, this article suggests giving more support to forest workers in terms of the promotion and optimization of forestation, forest tending, seeds and insurance subsidies, and further expanding the forestry subsidies’ category and scope and improving its standards.     

全面推进我国林业产业的协调持续发展

根据中央林业决定的精神,作者首先阐述了生态建设与林业产业发展的辩证关系;分析了我国林业产业建设取得的成就、现存问题和发展机遇;从林业产业发展的总体思路、战略重点、林业产业发展的区域布局及林业企业的组织机构调整等方面,提出了开创我国林业产业发展新局面的具体实施措施.最后强调指出,加强政府宏观管理和管理创新,是全面推进林业产业健康发展的保证.     

Implementing Forest Policy in the Lowlands of Britain

For 70 years concentration on afforestation with conifers inthe uplands of Britain has drawn attention away from forestryin the lowlands. The effects of this relative neglect have becomeevident in recent years. With notable exceptions, the growingstock of broadleaves is less flourishing and productive thanit could be and its contribution to the landscape has declined.Older industrial areas have also declined and parts of our townsand cities provide wretched living conditions. Foresters arenow working with other land-use professions and the public onschemes sponsored by the Forestry and Countryside Commissionsto use broadleaved trees and woodlands to improve the landscape,create employment, provide hardwood timber for industries, habitatsfor wildlife, and facilities for field sports and recreation.Some changes in forest practice, based on the use of faster-growingbroadleaved species, are described. These changes could helpto restore the silviculture and management of broadleaved cropsto their rightful place in the ecology and economy of the lowlandsof Britain and also assist in the economic regeneration of run-downindustrial areas.     

高校环保社团在保护水资源中面临的问题及对策初探——以徐州工程学院绿洲环保协会调研奎河活动为例

指出了徐州工程学院绿洲环保协会为提高在校大学生和社会人的保护水资源的理念,使其真正投身于环保事业中来,开展了调研奎河徐州段的活动。在对奎河徐州段的调研中遇到了一些问题,通过分析发现,影响高校环保社团在保护水资源的行动中的主要因素有环保活动经费短缺、环保社团志愿者稳定性差、环保团队组织性不强和环保志愿者环保知识缺乏等。同时针对这些因素提出了相应对策。进一步明确了高校环保社团的发展方向,以期为水资源保护工作做出更大的贡献。     

Use of stump diameter to estimate diameter at breast height and tree volume for major pine species in El Salto, Durango (Mexico)

Foresters may require to estimate the diameter at breast height(d.b.h.) and the volume of trees that have been cut, and mayonly have available the stumps as an indicator of the size ofthe trees. In the present study, equations for predicting bothd.b.h. and volume from stump diameter inside bark were developedfor major pine species in the forest region of El Salto, Durango(Mexico). The d.b.h. was estimated with relatively high accuracywith a simple linear model. The tree volume was also estimatedwith high precision by use of an allometric equation. Weightedlinear and non-linear least squares methods were used to takeinto account the problem of heteroscedasticity observed in thevolume–stump diameter relationships. The results of thenon-linear extra sum of squares method and of the F tests indicatedthat species-based equations for estimating both d.b.h. andvolume from stump diameter are required.     

The Melrose Meeting, September 1963

The author, revisiting with the Society of Foresters the Borderforests well known to him in the past, gives an account of thisvisit and of the discussions which took place there. He considers the silvicultural and managerial problems met within the White Lands, particularly the problems of keeping thewoods standing, preventing the extension of windblow, the speciesfor replanting, and the problems of long-term stability at Moorburnheadand the search for a satisfactory means of transformation fromplantation into forest at Newcastleton. In the Middle Tweed, problems of soil improvement are consideredat Elibank and Traquair and of stand structure at Glentress. He describes the high-quality stands and continuous managementat Kyloe and compares them with the equally interesting Eildonwoods. Finally there is a short discussion on the thinning plotsat Bowmont.     

Forestry in transition: Imperial legacy and negotiated expertise in Romania and Poland

The expertise of foresters has until recently been relatively uncontested in central and eastern European forest management, but political, economic and social changes are now challenging that, and create opportunities for understanding the relationship between expertise and context. Emphasising both the characteristics that central and eastern European countries have in common, and ways in which they differ, the paper outlines broad changes in forestry policy and practice in the region. It then explores constructions of foresters' identity, role and legitimacy, and the influence of context on their status as experts. The paper focuses on Romania and Poland, drawing on extended interviews, field observation and documentary analysis. Because forestry is tied into histories of power and institutional culture as well as science and political rationalisation, the evolution of forestry knowledge offers insights for wider debates about ‘expertise’ as a socially constructed alternative to lay knowledge. Foresters acquire expertise, both as it is conferred upon them (by law and education), and through their own authority (gained through experience, and the acting out of an emotional commitment to the forest). Post-socialist forestry offers rich potential for extending our understanding of contingency and subjectivity within the wider projects of empire and modernity.     

Comparisons of Forestry in Britain and Mainland Europe

Selected topical aspects of British forestry policy, administrationand practice are compared with what is done in mainland Europe.The main conclusions are:

1. The forestry policy objectives inBritain are similar to thosevirtually everywhere else in Europeand no major changes areneeded.
2. Foresters in mainland Europehad to convert a natural forestinto a managed forest whilein Britain the main task has beento re-establish forests onbare land. This fact explains someof the differences in ourrespective handling of forestry issues.
3. The separation ofthe forestry authority and forestry enterprisefunctions intoseparate organizations has worked well in severalcountriesbut there is little evidence that it would be an advantageinBritain.
4. There may be a good case for further concessionson inheritancetax in Britain.
5. British foresters should strivefor greater silvicultural diversity;in particular they shoulddraw more than they have done on theexperience of France andGermany in combining environmentalforestry with the productionof high quality timber.

     

Improving the science–policy–practice interface: decision support system uptake and use in the forestry sector in Great Britain

Over the last decade, researchers have developed a range of decision support systems (DSS) which seek to improve the evidence-base for decision-making in the forestry sector in Great Britain. Many are now integral to the systems of forest management and planning used. However, in some cases, levels of adoption have been lower than expected. This problem is neither unique to Great Britain nor to forestry, and increasingly it is being explained in terms of the quality of stakeholder engagement during DSS development and implementation. Thus, social research was undertaken to understand the factors affecting DSS uptake. The methods included an online survey completed by 81 members of the Institute of Chartered Foresters and Forestry Commission staff and 30 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders. Four sets of factors were seen to influence uptake: professional judgement and cultural resistance; communication and access; training, support and consolidation; and meeting user requirements. More generally, our conclusions highlight the need for a shift in the quality of interactions at the science–policy–practice interface: from knowledge-transfer (a unidirectional “bridging of gaps”) to knowledge-exchange (dialogue between collaborating partners) and knowledge-interaction (shared cultures and institutions).