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油桐是我省主要的经济树种,但多年来病虫害时有发生,有的已造成了经济损失。据报道,我省油桐病虫害有68种之多,其中主要病害有28种,主要虫害有40种。这些年来,特别是1982年来,省科委把“提高油桐产量的研究”列入省“六五”攻关项目,其中包括油桐主要病虫害的研宄。在我省森保工作者的共同努力下,对危害严重的几种油桐病虫的研究和防 相似文献
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油桐尺蠖消长因子浅议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我县是湖南省油桐生产重点县之一。油桐尺蠖是油桐主要害虫。本文试想讨论我县自然地理环境、气候因子对尺蠖发生的影响。调查方法一、收集资料:1、收集我县历年有关油桐尺蠖资料。2、82年森林病虫害普查成果资料。3、农业资源调查、农业区划成果资料。4、外地有关油桐尺蠖资料。5、县内气象站点资料。 相似文献
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油桐的经济价值及栽培王世龙油桐是大朝科油桐属落叶小乔木。油桐属植物有3个种,分布在亚洲东部及太平洋诸岛,我国产两个种,云南也产此两个种,即油桐和山桐。油桐也叫罂子桐、油籽、桐树,产于我省嵩明、易门、禄丰、腾冲、开远、金平、河口、西畴、文山、怒江、华坪... 相似文献
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本文从油桐的主要种类和品种、生物学特性、生长习性、育苗技术、栽培技术、抚育管理、病虫害防治等方面进行了详细分析,对营造油桐林有着较好的指导意义。 相似文献
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西双版纳橡胶树新害虫油桐尺蛾初报 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
《热带农业科技》2015,(3)
报道在云南西双版纳发现为害橡胶树叶片的一种新害虫-油桐尺蛾(Buzura suppressaria Guenee)及其发生和危害状况,对其形态特征进行了描述和鉴定,提出防治建议。 相似文献
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在1978~1981年云南全省森林病虫害普查的基础上,1992~1995年又专门对全省的板栗病虫害进行了调查。经整理分析,云南板栗的害虫,分属6个目32个科计97种,本文按目分科记录了97种害虫的名称,为害部位和分布情况,并对其中5种主要害虫作了简述。 相似文献
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传统的森林病虫害监测方法已经不能满足对森林健康保护的需求.随着物联网技术的发展, 利用物联网进行森林病虫害监测成为研究热点, 具有很好的发展前景.文中介绍了利用物联网进行森林病虫害监测的原理, 并结合物联网在果树和农业病虫害监测中的研究现状阐述了物联网在森林病虫害监测中的研究现状以及如何构建森林病虫害监测物联网, 同时对其效益进行了分析; 在指出目前基于物联网架构的森林病虫害监测存在问题的基础上, 提出对未来应用的展望, 以期通过推广物联网技术应用来提高病虫害预测预报的及时性和准确性. 相似文献
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从2003年至2012年,为加强林业有害生物防控,采取样方调查的方法,开展防控技术研究.调查全区病、虫、鼠害发生面积4 400.Ohm2,发生率为17.6%.其中病、虫害各2 000.0 hm2,鼠害400.0 hm2.危害重点是落叶松球蚜危害人工落叶松林,云杉八齿小蠢等5种危害杨桦次生林.防治食叶、蛀干、病害、鼠害危害面积6 666.7 hm2;开展了中华鼢鼠等4种主要有害生物防控技术研究,提出了加强监测测报,营造混交林等防控对策. 相似文献
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通过对丹东市主要绿化树种病虫害的调查分析,结果表明:危害行道树和绿化带的病虫害很多,病害主要是流脂病、腐烂病、干腐病和黑斑病,其中流脂病和腐烂病发生的面积大,发病率较高;高温、高湿和栽植过密是导致病虫危害的主要因素;混交度较差,纯林比例大,给病虫害传播创造了条件;生长势较弱的区段病虫危害相对较重。 相似文献
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通过调查分析表明,宾川县退耕还林工程造林成效难以达到预期目标,林农经济收益较低,究其原因之一是森林病虫危害,特别是地下害虫的危害.分析病虫危害发生的自然及人为因素,提出退耕还林工程中加强病虫防治工作,建立无检疫对象苗圃,强化营造林技术措施,加强森防队伍建设,严格检疫,强化抚育管理,优化退耕还林林分、树科结构,搞好工程区病虫害的监测预报工作等综合防治对策. 相似文献
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G. Schroth U. Krauss L. Gasparotto J. A. Duarte Aguilar K. Vohland 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,50(3):199-241
Few studies have included detailed investigations of the interactions of agroforestry techniques with pests and diseases, although the relevance of such interactions has long been recognized. The objectives of this review are to provide basic information on pests and diseases in tropical agroforestry systems and to develop concepts which can assist in the future in the systematic data collection and analysis in this field. The emphasis is on simultaneous agroforestry systems with annual and perennial crops, although rotational systems are also discussed. Crop rotation is an important pest and disease control strategy in annual cropping systems, and the principle of altering host with non-host plants can also be applied in improved fallow systems, provided that hosts of crop pests and diseases are avoided when selecting the fallow species. When annual cropping systems are transformed into simultaneous agroforestry, the control strategy of frequent disturbance of pest and disease populations is to some extent substituted for the strategy of increased stability and internal control mechanisms. However, reduced pest and disease risk is not automatically achieved by introducing perennial plants and increasing the plant diversity in a system. If plant species are introduced that harbor pests or diseases of other species in the system, the risk of pest and disease outbreaks may actually increase. For evaluating such risks, it is important to consider host-ranges of diseases on the pathovar instead of the species level. Beside the selection of compatible plant species, their spatial arrangement may be important for reducing the spread of pest and disease organisms through the system, although little information is available on such effects, and they may be largely irrelevant for organisms with efficient dispersal mechanisms such as wind-dispersed fungi. In addition to the species-specific, biological effects of plants on pests and diseases, their unspecific, physical effects can be of major relevance for pest and disease development as well as the susceptibility of the affected plant species. Increased pest and disease incidence has often been observed directly at the tree-crop interface, caused by the humid microclimate, physical protection of mammal and bird pests by the trees and eventually reduced pest and disease tolerance of competition-stressed crops. Linear tree plantings and hedgerows affect the wind transport of small insects and disease propagules, the active immigration and emigration of pest organisms as well as the populations of natural enemies. Similarly, overhead shade has a major effect on the micro-climatic conditions under which pest and disease organisms, their natural enemies and the crops themselves develop, and its optimization is a highly efficient control strategy for many pests and diseases. On infertile soils, the susceptibility of crops to pests and diseases is strongly affected by the availability of plant nutrients, which may be influenced by agroforestry techniques in various ways. Soil management measures such as mulching and planting cover crops may affect crop health by improving soil fertility and by directly acting on pest and disease populations. The importance of a more systematic collection of pest and disease related information for agroforestry, e.g., in a central database, and of the development of strategies for reducing pest and disease risks in agroforestry in cooperation with farmers is stressed.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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