Antibodies to peptides detect new hepatitis B antigen: serological correlation with hepatocellular carcinoma

The expression of a previously unidentified gene product, encoded by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, has been achieved with a recombinant SV40 expression vector. Antibodies against synthetic peptides representing defined regions of this protein were used to screen cells infected with recombinant virus as well as tissues naturally infected with HBV. A 24,000-dalton protein (p24) was detected in cells infected with recombinant virus and a 28,000-dalton protein (p28) was detected in tissues infected with HBV. The peptides or recombinant-derived protein were used as antigens to screen sera from individuals infected with HBV. Specific antibodies were detected predominantly in sera from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The presence of p28 in tissues infected with HBV and the appearance of specific antibodies in infectious sera establish the existence of an additional marker for HBV infection.     

Hepatitis associated with hepatitis B virus in broilers

Infection by hepatitis B virus(HBV) results in acute and chronic liver damages in humans. Liver products of broilers as a primary food consumed in our daily life have a close connection with public health. The prevalence of the virus in livers and serum of broilers is of great significance, owning to the potential transmission between chickens and humans. Liver tissues and serum samples were tested to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in slaughtered broilers, for expression of HBV antigens and antibodies. The distribution and positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag), hepatitis B core antigen(HBc Ag) and hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) in liver samples were examined using immunohistochemistry. HBs Ag was mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes with a positivity of 81.61% whereas HBe Ag and HBc Ag were primarily located in the nucleus of hepatocytes with a positivity of 40.13 and 49.10%, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) analysis of serum for HBV serological markers demonstrated a high prevalence of hepatiits B surface antibody(HBsA b, 54.91%) and hepatitis B core antibody(HBcA b, 27.68%), whereas HBeA b, HBsA g and HBeA g were rarely detectable. Classic hepatitis pathological changes, including swollen hepatocytes, focal parenchymal necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration and hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissues were observed using histopathological analysis. Some of the liver samples were found positive for HBV DNA using nested PCR. Sequence comparison confirmed that all sequences shared 97.5–99.3% identity with human HBV strains. These results demonstrated the existence of HBV in livers and serums of broilers. Animals or animal products contaminated with HBV could raise an important public health concern over food safety and zoonotic risk.     

Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines secrete the major plasma proteins and hepatitis B surface antigen

Analysis of the cell culture fluid from two new human hepatoma-derived cell lines reveals that 17 of the major human plasma proteins are synthesized and secreted by these cells. One of these cell lines, Hep 3B, also produces the two major polypeptides of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen. When Hep 3B in injected into athymic mice, metastatic hepatocellular carcinomas appear. These cell lines provide experimental models for investigation of plasma protein biosynthesis and the relation of the hepatitis B viru genome to tumorigenicity.     

Alterations in 5-HT1B receptor function by p11 in depression-like states

The pathophysiology of depression remains enigmatic, although abnormalities in serotonin signaling have been implicated. We have found that the serotonin 1B receptor [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1B) receptor] interacts with p11. p11 increases localization of 5-HT1B receptors at the cell surface. p11 is increased in rodent brains by antidepressants or electroconvulsive therapy, but decreased in an animal model of depression and in brain tissue from depressed patients. Overexpression of p11 increases 5-HT1B receptor function in cells and recapitulates certain behaviors seen after antidepressant treatment in mice. p11 knockout mice exhibit a depression-like phenotype and have reduced responsiveness to 5-HT1B receptor agonists and reduced behavioral reactions to an antidepressant.     

Specific chromosome defect associated with human small-cell lung cancer; deletion 3p(14-23)

A specific, acquired chromosomal abnormality (deletion 3p) has been found in at least one chromosome 3 in 100 percent of the metaphases in 12 of 12 cell lines cultured from human small-cell lung cancer tissue and in 2-day tumor culture specimens from three patients. Analysis of the shortest region of overlap shows the deletion to be 3p(14-23). This specific change was not seen in five of five lung cancer cell lines other than small-cell lung cancer or in two lymphoblastoid lines cultured from cells of small-cell lung cancer patients whose tumors had the 3p deletion.     

Ring D chromosome: a second case associated with anomalous haptoglobin inheritance

A second child with a ring D chromosome and anomalous inheritance of haptoglobin has been identified. Autoradiographic studies of peripheral lymphocytes from this child and of those from the previously described patient indicate that the ring in each is derived from chromosome No. 13. These findings are evidence that the locus for the haptoglobin alpha-chain is situated on one end of chromosome No. 13.     

High-resolution mapping of human chromosome 11 by in situ hybridization with cosmid clones

Cosmid clones containing human DNA inserts have been mapped on chromosome 11 by fluorescence in situ hybridization under conditions that suppress signal from repetitive DNA sequences. Thirteen known genes, one chromosome 11-specific DNA repeat, and 36 random clones were analyzed. High-resolution mapping was facilitated by using digital imaging microscopy and by analyzing extended (prometaphase) chromosomes. The map coordinates established by in situ hybridization showed a one to one correspondence with those determined by Southern (DNA) blot analysis of hybrid cell lines containing fragments of chromosome 11. Furthermore, by hybridizing three or more cosmids simultaneously, gene order on the chromosome could be established unequivocally. These results demonstrate the feasibility of rapidly producing high-resolution maps of human chromosomes by in situ hybridization.     

Leukocyte mitosis: suppression in vitro associated with acute infectious hepatitis

Inhibition of mitosis in vitro was observed in leukocytes from patients with acute infectious hepatitis. Similarly, in cultures of normal leukocytes, after the addition of small amounts of serum from patients with hepatitis, mitosis was suppressed. Althoutgh the incidence of mitosis became normal in leukocytes from convalescent patients, there were chromosomal abnormalities.     

细胞松弛素B诱导虾夷扇贝多倍体的受精卵染色体分离状况

报道了采用细胞松弛素B (CB)处理虾夷扇贝 (Patinopectenyessoensis)受精卵抑制第一极体 (PB1 )释放的处理组与对照组的细胞染色体分离状况。结果表明 ,对照组中的受精卵具有 1 9条四分体染色体 ,经过减数分裂Ⅰ期和减数分裂Ⅱ期 ,放出PB1和PB2 ,受精卵的发育具有不同步性。处理组受精卵在第二次减数分裂中出现了特殊的分离类型 ,即“三级分离”、“联合二级分离”和“独立二级分离”。初步分析了细胞松弛素B抑制第一极体放出的机理     

安农0711小麦品种3B染色体茎秆强度位点鉴定

倒伏是限制小麦产量进一步提升的主要因素之一,而茎秆强度是衡量小麦抗倒伏性的重要指标。为了鉴定控制茎秆强度基因位点,以安农0711（较强的茎秆强度和抗倒性）和河农825（较弱的茎秆强度和抗倒性）进行杂交构建的重组自交系群体为试验材料,于2017年测定其茎秆强度,利用SSR标记将控制小麦茎秆强度的位点（Qss.ahau-3B）初步定位于3B染色体上的wmc231-barc248标记之间,物理距离约为68~162 Mb。进一步利用小麦660K SNP芯片扫描两个亲本及高低池,并基于目标区段内差异的SNP,共开发了13个CAPS标记,将控制小麦茎秆强度的位点进一步缩短在EX-6650-barc248之间（150~162 Mb）。该研究结果为后续目标位点精细定位以及候选基因克隆提供了重要理论依据。     

加味寿胎颗粒联合干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的观察加味寿胎颗粒联合α-2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法 60例e抗原阳性的慢性乙肝患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,对照组单用α-2b干扰素(安福隆)500万u,皮下注射,隔日1次;治疗组采用干扰素注射联合加味寿胎颗粒冲服,10 g/次,3次/d,疗程6个月。结果治疗组e抗原阴转率60%,HBV-DNA转阴率为76.7%;对照组e抗原阴转率33.3%,HBV-DNA转阴率为43.3%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论α-2b干扰素联合加味寿胎颗粒可以显著提高e抗原阳性的慢性乙型肝炎的治疗效果。     

Characterization of chromosome segment substitution lines reveals candidate genes associated with the nodule number in soybean

Soybean is one of the most important food crops worldwide. Like other legumes, soybean can form symbiotic relationships with Rhizobium species. Nitrogen fixation of soybean via its symbiosis with Rhizobium is pivotal for sustainable agriculture. Type III effectors(T3Es) are essential regulators of the establishment of the symbiosis, and nodule number is a feature of nitrogen-affected nodulation. However, genes encoding T3Es at quantitative trait loci(QTLs) related to nodulation have rarely been ...     

应用昆虫杆状病毒载体在昆虫细胞中表达乙肝表面抗原

人乙型肝炎病毒（ａｄｒ亚型）表面抗原Ｓ基因克隆到ＰｕＡＣ－５苜蓿尺蠖核型多角体病毒转移载体上，所构建的重组转移载体质粒与野生型ＡｃＮＰＶＤＮＡ共转染Ｓｆ－２１细胞，经空斑法筛选和纯化，得到了含ＨＢＶＳ基因的重组病毒ＡｃＮＰＶＳ．用放射免疫法测定了ＡｃＮＰＶＳ感染的Ｓｆ－２１细胞及其培养液中的ＨＢｓＡｇ，总表达量为１．２２μｇ／１０￣６细胞．     

乙型肝炎患者血脂水平与病情和预后关系的探讨

目的探讨血脂水平与病毒性乙型肝炎病情及预后的关系.方法采用RI-1000TM全自动生化分析仪测定240例乙型肝炎患者[其中急性肝炎48例,慢性肝炎90例(轻度25例,中度30例,重度35例),重型肝炎40例,肝炎肝硬化62例(Child-Pugh A级15例,B级23例,C级24例)和50例正常人血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)、脂蛋白(Lp-α)载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ(APOA-Ⅰ)、载脂蛋白B(APOB)水平.结果除急性肝炎组外,重型肝炎组、肝硬化组和慢性肝炎组血清TC、TG、HDL、LDL、VLDL、Lp-α、APOA-Ⅰ、APOB水平均较正常对照组显著降低(P＜0.01).各项血脂水平随着肝功能损害的加重而降低(慢性肝炎重度组和中度组显著低于轻度组,重型肝炎组显著低于慢性肝炎组和肝硬化组,死亡组显著低于存活组);同时亦随着病程进展和肝纤维化的加重而降低(Child-Pugh C和B组显著低于Child-Pugh A组).结论对病毒性肝炎患者进行血脂和载脂蛋白水平的监测,对了解肝细胞损害的程度和估计预后均有一定的意义.     

急性乙型病毒性肝炎肝组织中Fas抗原和Fas配体的表达

探讨Ｆａｓ－ＦａｓＬ系统在急性病毒性肝炎发病中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学技术对３８例急性乙型肝炎患者组织中Ｆａｓ和ＦａｓＬ表达进行检测，并与１０例正常肝组织作对照。结论：由ＣＴＬ－ＦａｓＬ系统介导的肝细胞凋亡在急性乙型肝炎的发病中可能起了较重要的作用。     

一例蛋鸡育雏期安卡拉病的诊治

目的 为确诊蛋鸡腺病毒与细菌混合感染性疾病病原体,以指导养殖场治疗该疾病,避免对鸡场造成更大的经济损失。 方法 无菌采集临床症状明显发病鸡只的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、腺胃、法氏囊和小肠等组织样品,用血琼脂培养基和麦康凯培养基对以上组织样品进行细菌分离培养及药敏试验,进一步通过形态学方法和生化试验鉴定病原菌;同时用PCR/RT-PCR技术及测序对以上组织样品进行禽腺病毒(fowl adenovirus,FAdV)、传染性法氏囊病病毒(infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)、新城疫病毒(newcastle disease virus,NDV)和高致病性禽流感(highly pathogenic avian influenza,HPAI) H5N1病毒核酸鉴定。 结果 细菌分离培养获得大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和鸭源鸡杆菌菌株;药敏试验结果显示：3种细菌对硫酸粘杆菌素和多西环素敏感;PCR结果显示：FAdV-C-4呈阳性,IBDV、NDV和H5N1呈阴性。 结论 该场鸡群主要为FAdV-C-4病毒感染,同时伴随大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和鸭源鸡杆菌继发性混合感染,且3种细菌对硫酸粘杆菌素和多西环素敏感。